• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.201-211
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• 2010

이 논문은 한국 쇠고기 시장을 대상으로 도매 단계와 소매 단계에 초점을 맞추어 유통업자들의 시장지배력 정도를 측정하였다. 다양한 유통 채널상에 존재하는 가격들을 보면 유통비용 외에 추가적인 가격 차이가 있음을 보게 되는 데 이러한 비용을 넘는 가격 차이가 시장지배력을 보여주는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 연별 가격과 물량 자료를 이용하여 도매 단계와 소매 단계에서 유통상인들의 시장지배력을 측정하였다. 추정 결과를 보면, 소매단계는 완전경쟁에서 멀리 떨어져 있음을 알 수 있고, 도매단계는 상대적으로 완전경쟁에 가까운 것으로 나타났다.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.69-83
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• 2020

The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate whether asymmetric price transmission exists in the distribution stage of farmed olive flounder market. For the analysis, time series data were used for the producer prices of Jeju and Wando, and the wholesale prices of Incheon, Hanam and Busan. Through the Granger causality test, the causal relationship from the producer price to the wholesale price was derived and the asymmetric price transmission was analyzed using the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL). As a result of the analysis, it was found that there is a phenomenon of 'positive asymmetric price transmission' from the producer price to the wholesale price. This result can be one evidence that excess profits are received in the intermediate distribution stage, and can be said to be a result showing the incompleteness and inefficiency of the distribution structure of the farmed olive flounder. In the future, it is required to establish an information-sharing system in all stages of production, distribution, and consumption that can create a competitive environment for distribution participants and resolve information asymmetry. Also, it is necessary to review the distribution center specializing in live fish from the viewpoint of the establishment of new distribution channels and sales diversification strategy under the rapidly changing fisheries environment.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) of wholesale and retail brokerage businesses in Korea. And give managerial implications and contribute to academics. Research design, data and methodology: This research empirically analyzes the relationship between expenses and business performance. As for business performance, this research considered two financial performances; sales and profit. As for antecedent variables, this research measured three cost investment expenses; human resource management (HRM), marketing (MKT) and corporate social responsibility (CSR). This research used frequency analysis, correlation analysis, stepwise regression analysis and curve estimation analysis. Results: The result shows that HRM and CSR positive significant influence on sales yet marketing negatively significant influence on sales. And for profit, HRM and CSR give a positive significant influence. However, marketing's influence was not significant. According to curve estimation analysis, the relation between individual cost and performance, best functional relation was all quadratic functions. Some results show ∩ shape and others show shape. Conclusions: Based on this study result, implications for practical management to Wholesale and Retail Brokerage companies in Korea. And the contribution to academics is expected. Also, based on the limitation of this study, future research is suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.617-624
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• 2017

주로 노지에서 재배되는 배추는 기상 여건에 따라 생산량의 변화가 크고, 대체 작물의 존대로 인해 가격 변동이 크게 나타난다. 기존의 연구에서는 실제 기상정보를 활용해 배추의 생산량을 예측하였으나, 본 연구에서는 실제 기상정보가 아닌 웹상의 비정형 농업기상 정보를 활용하여 도매가격을 예측하였다. 2009년 1월부터 2016년 10월까지 포털사이트에서 배추를 포함한 문서를 수집하여, 수집된 문서 내에 나타난 기상 관련 키워드를 추출하였다. 도매가격만을 이용해 자기회귀 (autoregressive; AR)모형으로 작형별 출하시기인 1, 5, 8, 11월을 예측한 단순모형과 비정형 농업기상 정보를 추가적으로 활용해 AR모형으로 예측한 농업기상모형을 비교하였다. 그 결과 비정형 농업기상 정보를 활용한 농업기상모형의 성능이 더 우수하고 예측력에 도움이 되는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2008

The purpose of this survey was to identify ergonomic risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) and understand the current MSD risk status in the wholesale/retail industry. The field survey was conducted at 120 wholesale/retail establishments, and the cause of MSD occurred from the national industrial accident statistics by the Ministry of Labor in 2006 was analyzed in terms of company size, a term of work, job title, and cause of occurrence. The numbers of disasters on MSD were 602 which were included 432 disasters who met with low back pain by incident. A checklist was developed by KOSHA to use for the field survey. A total of 419 tasks were identified at the 120 establishments surveyed. The highest frequency was Task 2(45%) which was mostly observed in repetitive work (e.g. displaying, scanning, cutting or wrapping of goods). The second and third were Task 9(34%) and Task 8(14%) which were identified in manual materials handling (e.g. lifting, lowering, carrying or stocking of goods). The results suggest that the three Tasks should be first considered for the control in wholesale/retail industry and that exposure to MSD risk factors in those Tasks should be primarily addressed in order to reduce MSD risk in that industry.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.143-161
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• 2015

This study presents a comparative analysis on mackerel distribution process and price formation process, and investigation of price and margin between traditional markets and Large-scale discount store distribution channel. Through this, the study investigated distribution efficiency of each channel, and examined whether a difference of distribution efficiency leads to a difference of performance through the investigation of a difference of function and role between members of a wholesale market and vendor of Large scale discount store. The following are the results of this study. As a consequence of investigating supply and sum by distribution channel of mackerel, it appeared that mackerels shipped from port market are distributed into 9 consumption sites(Wholesale market, Large scale discount store, Institutional Food Service, etc.). In the comparison of distribution efficiency between traditional retail store and Large scale discount store 52.0% margin is formed in traditional retail store distribution channel and 43.1% margin is formed in Large scale discount store, and a distribution cost rate consists of 19.4% cost in a traditional retail store for fishery products and 18.1% cost in a Large-scale discount store. To analyze a difference of performance, the study examine a difference of role and function between vendor and Wholesale market company, wholesaler and middleman. Wholesale market company and middleman of wholesale market for consumer have slightly high or similar score in collection function, sorting function, evaluation function and financial function which are traditional and original. However, it was confirmed that vendor has a better score in other functions, that is, newly-demanded functions(ex : market frontier function, product development function, Integral Distribution Function, etc.).

• 수산경영론집
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.21-35
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• 2018

Squid is a popular seafood in Korea. However, since the 2000s, the squid production has been declining. The unstable supply of the squid products may cause price fluctuations of fresh and chilled squid. These price fluctuations may be relatively more severe than them of other commodities, because the fresh and chilled squid can not be stored for a long period of time. Thus, this study analyzes the structural characteristics of price volatility and price asymmetry of fresh squid based on off-diagonal GARCH model. Data used to analysis of this study are daily wholesale and retail prices of fresh squid from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2016 provided in the KAMIS. As theoretical approaches of this study, first of all, the stability of the time series is confirmed by the unit root test. Secondly, the causality between distribution channels is checked by the Granger causality test. Thirdly, the VAR model and the off-diagonal GARCH model are adopted to estimate asymmetry effect and price volatility spillover between distribution channels. Finally, the stability of the model is confirmed by multivariate Q-statistic and ARCH-LM test. In conclusion, fresh squid is found to have shock and volatility spillover between wholesale and retail prices as well as its own price. Also, volatility asymmetry effect is shown in own wholesale or retail price of fresh squid. Finally, this study shows that the decrease in the fresh squid retail price of t-1 period than the increase in the t-1 period has a greater impact on the volatility of the fresh squid wholesale price in t period.

• 서비스연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.83-95
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• 2016

본 논문은 한국은행 경제통계시스템에서 제공한 서비스업생산지수와 서비스업도소매지수를 가지고 상호간의 연관성을 분석하였다. 분석을 위한 통계분석 기간은 2000년 1월부터 2015년 9월까지 15년 9개월간의 월별자료 189개를 사용하였고, 분석도구로는 E-Views 6을 이용하여 VAR 모형을 통한 그랜저 인과관계분석(Granger Causality test)과 충격반응분석(Impulse Response Function) 및 분산분해(Variance Decomposition)를 실시하였다. 주요 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 그랜저 인과관계 분석결과(Granger Causality test) 상승률과 변동성에 있어서 서비스업생산지수와 서비스업도소매지수 상호간에 예측력이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 충격반응함수(Impulse Response Function)분석결과 서비스업생산지수와 서비스업도도소매지수에 사이에 충격이 존재하여 일정시차까지 영향을 미치다가 사라짐을 알 수 있었다. 이는 다른 산업뿐만 아니라 서비스업산업에 있어서도 생산량은 어느 정도 도소매업체의 판매량을 예측할 수 있다는 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 마지막으로 분산분해(Variance Decomposition) 분석결과 서비스업도소매지수는 일정시차동안 73.65%~65.59%의 서비스업생산지수에 의하여 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 서비스업생산지수는 일정시차동안 0.97%~1.92%의 서비스업도소매지수에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타나 영향력이 미미함을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 다양한 지수를 대상으로한 상호간의 가격발견을 통한 상호연관성을 분석한 기존의 연구방법을 확장하여 서비스업생산지수와 서비스업도소매지수와의 가격발견 기능을 파악하는데 기여하였다고 사료된다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 물가지수를 관리하고 있는 정부에게 물가정책을 수립하는데 의미를 부여하고, 각종 지수를 관리하고 있는 한국은행 및 통계청에게 의미 있는 시사점을 제공할 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에 대한 한계점으로는 물가지수를 이용한 선행연구가 많지 않아서 좀 더 체계적인 분석이 부족하다는 점과 구조변화 시점을 구분하여 분석하지 못했다는 점이다. 따라서 다양한 물가지수를 활용한 후속연구와 구조변화를 전후를 대상으로 한 추가연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.294-299
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• 1997

A study was conducted to determine contamination status of fish sold at wholesale market in Seoul. A total of 79 samples (35 different kindry fish) were collected from the wholesale market. E. coli and coliform group bacteria were cultured and tested for sensitivity against antibiotics. The results are summarized as follows; 1. E. coli was isolated from 23 out of 79 samples (29.1%), and coliform groups from 53 out of 79 (67.1%). 2. Of coliform group, Citrobacter freundii was the most common and Enterobacter clacae was the next. 3.23 E. coli strains isolated from fishes were resistant to Oxacillin, Erythromycin and Lincomycin, meanwhile 23 E. coli strains were sensitive to Cefoperazone, Ceftazidime, Imipenem, and Ciprofloxacin.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전력기술부문
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• pp.262-264
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• 2002

This paper describes the proposed application of MLF(marginal loss factor) in korean wholesale electricity market in accordance with the proposal of wholesale market design, and presents the analysis result of the impact of MLF change on the electric power trading when the reference node for the MLF calculation is changed.