• 생명과학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.363-370
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• 2023

꾸지뽕 추출물을 이용하여 건강기능식품 개발을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 성장기 정상 설치류에서 2주간 음용 후 혈액 구성 세포, 혈중 지질, 항염 활성 등 생체변화를 측정하였고 천연식물 소재의 위해성 여부 확인을 위해 혈액을 통해 확인 가능한 간, 신장 기능에 대한 생체 지표 변화를 측정하였다. 10주령 SD rat에 꾸지뽕 추출물 30 mg을 매일 2주간 음용시킨 결과 체중 변화, 신장 기능 등의 변화는 없어 비임상독성은 나타나지 않았다. 적혈구와 백혈구 수준은 유의하게 증가하였고 혈소판 수치는 증가 경향을 보여 꾸지뽕 추출물 음용이 혈액 세포의 전반적인 증가를 일으키는 것으로 보인다. 혈중 지질의 경우 꾸지뽕 추출물 음용군이 대조군에 비해 약 27% 중성지질 감소와 함께 약 21% 고밀도지단백-콜레스테롤 증가를 보임으로 혈중 지질 수준 개선 효과를 나타내는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 간 손상에 대한 생체지표를 확인한 결과 GOT와 GPT 모두 감소하는 경향을 보여 간 기능 개선에 대한 가능성을 확인하였고 혈액 내 사이토카인 변화를 측정하여 꾸지뽕 추출물 음용에 따른 염증성 사이토카인 수준 감소를 확인하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 본 연구 조건에서 꾸지뽕 추출물 음용은 혈구 세포의 생성 촉진과 함께 혈중 지질 개선, 간 기능 개선, 염증 개선 등 다양한 효과를 가지고 있는 것으로 보여지며 향후 관련 기능성 식품 또는 의약품 소재 제품 개발을 통한 활용가치가 클 것으로 기대된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.1320-1325
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• 2005

A 2${\times}$3 factorial arrangement of treatments was used to determine the effects of olaquindox and cyadox on immune response of Landrace${\times}$Large-White geld piglets that had been orally given 10$^{10}$ CFU of Escherichia coli (E. coli, O$_{139}$:K$_{88}$). Factors included (1) E. coli inoculation or control, and (2) no antimicrobials, 100 mg/kg olaquindox and 100 mg/kg cyadox in the basal diet respectively. E. coli inoculums were orally administered 7 days after the diets were supplemented with olaquindox and cyadox. The effects of the two antimicrobials were assessed in terms of: (1) average daily gain (ADG), (2) systemic immune response (the number of white blood cells and lymphocytes, leukocyte bactericidal capacity, lymphocyte proliferation response to PHA, immunoglobulin concentrations, and total serous hemolytic complement activity), and (3) intestinal mucosal immunity including the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and immunoglobulin A secreting cells (ASCs) in the intestinal lamina propria. E. coli inoculation reduced ADG (p<0.05) during the period of d 0 to d 14 after the challenge while the antimicrobial supplementations improved ADG (p<0.01) during the experiment. ADG in cyadox-supplemented pigs was higher (p<0.05) than that in olaquindox-supplemented pigs. The antimicrobials decreased IEL and ASC counts in the jejunum and ileum (p<0.01) while E. coli inoculation caused them to increase (p<0.01). Jejunal ASCs in the cyadox-supplemented pigs were lower (p<0.05) than those in the olaquindox-supplemented. E. coli elicited increase (p<0.05) in white blood cell counts, leukocyte bactericidal capacity, lymphocyte proliferation rate, serous IgA concentrations, and serous hemolytic complement activity. The antimicrobials decreased the measured systemic immune parameters, but not significantly (p>0.05). The data suggest that olaquindox and cyadox suppress E. coli-induced immune activation, especially intestinal mucosal immune activation, which may be involved in the observed growth promotion.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.55-68
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• 2013

Objectives This study was to investigate the effects of Yuhyangjeongtong-san on the carrageenin-induced acute inflammation and adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Methods Acute inflammation was induced by injection of 2% carrageenin 0.15 ml into right hind foot of rats. Control group was carrageenin injected and taken distilled water, treated group was carrageenin injected and taken Yuhyangjeongtong-san by orally once. 2 hours after injection, plantar temperature and paw volume were measured. 3 hours after, counts of white blood cell (WBC) were performed. Arthritis was induced by injection of complete freund's adjuvant (CFA) into base of tail. Control group was CFA injected and taken distilled water, treated group was CFA injected and taken Yuhyangjeongtong-san by orally for 10 days. 0,5,10 day, body weight, thickness of ankle joint and paw edema were measured. 10 day, counts of WBC, $interleukin-1{\beta}$ ($IL-1{\beta}$) and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) level were analysed. Histochemical study of NADPH-d and immunohistochemical study of c-fos were performed. Results In the carrageenin-induced acute inflammation, neutrophils of treated group were significantly decreased compared with control group. In the adjuvant-induced arthritis, paw edema, total counts of WBC and TNF-${\alpha}$ level in paw exudates were significantly decreased compared with control group, and the number of c-fos positive neurons of treated group was significantly decreased compared with control group. Conclusions On the basis of these results, we concluded that Yuhyangjeongtong-san have anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory effects.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2022

Background: The current guidelines for the diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis (APN) recommend that APN be diagnosed based on the clinical features and the presence of pyuria. However, we observed that some of the patients who are diagnosed with APN do not have characteristic clinical features or pyuria at the initial examination. We performed this study to investigate the characteristics of APN without pyuria. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on 391 patients diagnosed with APN based on clinical and radiologic findings, between 2015 and 2019. The clinical features, laboratory results, and computed tomography (CT) findings were compared between patients with normal white blood cell (WBC) counts and those with abnormal WBC counts (WBC of 0-5/high power field [HPF] vs. >5/HPF) in urine. Results: More than 50% of patients with APN had no typical urinary tract symptoms and one-third of them had no costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness. Eighty-eight patients (22.5%) had normal WBC counts (0-5/HPF) on urine microscopy. There was a negative correlation between pyuria (WBC of >5/HPF) and previous antibiotic use (odds ratio, 0.249; 95% confidence interval, 0.140-0.441; p<0.001), and the probability of pyuria was reduced by 75.1% in patients who took antibiotics before visiting the emergency room. Conclusion: The diagnosis of APN should not be overlooked even if there are no typical clinical features, or urine microscopic examination is normal. If a patient has already taken antibiotics at the time of diagnosis, imaging studies such as CT should be performed more actively, regardless of the urinalysis results.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.34-40
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• 2002

목적 : 방사선치료가 세포매개면역을 저하시킨다는 보고들이 있었으나 이를 방사선치료 부위 안의 혈류와 관련해서 고려되지는 않고 있다. 본 연구는 폐암의 방사선치료 후에 발생하는 백혈구 감소, 특히 림프구의 감소를 후향적으로 분석하고, 면역억제의 한 기전으로서 방사선치료 부위 안의 많은 혈액량과 동적인 혈류가 관련될 수 있는지를 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 34명의 폐암환자 들을 대상으로 하였으며, 방사선치료 단독군(RT군)이 10명, 방사선치료와 화학요법 병용군(RT/CT군) 16명, 화학요법 단독군(CT군)이 8명이었다. 말초혈액의 전체 백혈구수와 림프구수, 전체 백혈구수 중 림프구수의 비율(림프구 율)을 방사선치료 전중후에, 화학요법 전후에 측정하였는데 방사선치료 중에는 매 주마다 검사를 하였고, 화학요법과 방사선치료 후에는 좀 더 긴 간격으로 하였다. 환자의 특성과 병변의 특성은 세 군간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않아다. 치료방법에 있어서도 RT군과 RT/CT군 사이에 총 방사선량, 분할조사선량, 치료면적, 치료용적은 통계학적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 방사선치료를 시행한 군(RT군, RT/CT군)과 방사선치료를 시행하지 않은 군(CT군)의 평균 추적기간은 각각 6개월과 8개월이었다. 결과 : 치료 후 전체 백혈구수의 변화는 다른 치료군 간에 의미 있는 차이는 보이지 않았다. 방사선치료를 시행한 RT군과 RT/CT군은 방사선치료 후 훨씬 낮은 림프구수와 림프구 율을 보였다. 치료 전 림프구수와 최종 림프구수 사이의 감소는 방사선치료를 시행한 군과 시행하지 않은 군간에 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p=0.044). 또한 림프구 율에 있어서도 치료 전과 최종 림프구 율 사이의 감소는 방사선치료를 시행한 군과 시행하지 않은 군간에 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p=0.037). 결론 : 림프구 감소증은 화학요법만을 시행한 경우보다 방사선치료를 시행한 경우에 더 현저하였다. 그리고 이러한 림프구 감소증이 폐암의 흉부 방사선치료 후 면역감소의 한 원인이 될 수도 있겠다. 저 선량의 방사선조사 후 림프구의 아포토시스 유도를 보여준 이전의 몇몇 연구들을 함께 생각해 볼 때, 조심스럽게 제안하고 싶은 것은 혹시 본 연구에서 보이는 림프구 감소증이 방사선조사야 내의 많은 혈액량이나 역동적인 혈류와 약간의 관련성이 있을 수도 있다는 것이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.1476-1481
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• 2010

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with chito-oligosccharide (COS) on egg production, nutrient digestibility, egg quality and blood profiles in laying hens. A total of 240 Hy-line Brown laying hens were randomly allocated into one of the following 5 dietary treatments: i) CON, basal diet; ii) ANT, basal diet+44 mg/kg avilamycin; iii) COS0.2, basal diet+200 mg/kg COS; iv) COS0.4, basal diet+400 mg/kg COS; v) ANTCOS, basal diet+200 mg/kg COS+22 mg/kg avilamycin. The experiment lasted for 6 wk. No change in egg weight (p>0.05) was observed during the trial period. Egg production in ANTCOS treatment was improved (p<0.05) when compared to CON during weeks 4-6. The birds in the COS0.2, COS0.4 and ANTCOS groups had higher (p<0.05) Haugh unit than those fed CON and ANT diets at the end of the $6^{th}$ wk. The apparent digestibility of nitrogen in CON group was lower (p<0.05) than in other treatments. The white blood cell (WBC) concentration of birds in the COS0.4 and ANTCOS group was higher (p<0.05) than that of birds in other groups at the end of the $6^{th}$ wk. In addition, the differences of WBC counts between the beginning and end of the experiment in COS0.4 and ANTCOS groups were higher (p<0.05) than in CON and ANT groups. At the end of the experiment, the birds fed ANTCOS diet showed higher (p<0.05) total blood protein concentration than those fed CON or ANT diets. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of COS appeared to increase egg production and quality by increasing nutrient digestibility. Additionally, COS improved WBC and total protein concentration.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.146-153
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• 2017

Background: Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) primarily refers to damage to the hematopoietic system, myeloid system, and gastrointestinal (GI) system caused by radiation exposure. Such damage progresses to become life-threatening. In particular, as the syndrome develops very rapidly-within several hours from radiation exposure-prompt and accurate diagnosis and treatment are needed, as is further research into appropriate diagnostic and treatment modalities. Materials and Methods: Minipigs, which display human-like properties, underwent whole-body irradiation at 2 or 4 Gy (doses causing hematopoietic ARS) or at higher doses of 7 or 12 Gy. Changes in the blood cells and clinical symptoms were analyzed and we performed a necropsy when the animals succumbed to ARS. Results and Discussion: The minipig irradiated with 2 Gy showed a decrease in white blood cells, including neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelets in the early stages. However, the blood cell counts gradually increased and returned to normal values. The minipig irradiated with 4 Gy succumbed due to hematopoietic ARS. In contrast, the minipigs irradiated with 7 or 12 Gy exhibited clinical symptoms of combined GI damage and hematopoietic syndrome. Moreover, a characteristic pattern of platelet changes was observed in the 7 and 12 Gy irradiated minipigs. Conclusion: The changes in the platelet count caused by radiation exposure observed in minipigs, which are hematologically and pathohistologically similar to humans, suggest that they can be used as a novel diagnostic criterion.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.85-102
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• 1973

In the event a population of animals is exposed to ionizing radiation, proper disposition of animals will minimize loss to the farmer and protect the public from unwholesome meat and dairy products. Clinical response is an important factor in considering salvage of animals for food following exposure to ionizing radiation whether the dose is lethal or not. It is the purpose of this report to present the discussions of blood picture and growth of y ung growing rabbits exposed to cobalt-60 gamma-irradiation. The experimental animals were Hyrnalayan rabbits of 65 days old. The body weight for all animals of the time of irradiation was approximately 450g. The 96 rabbits used in the experiment were allotted t groups of eight. Rabbits in one group served as controls and the others were exposed to single doses of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 Roentgens (R). The exposure does rate averaged 15 R per minute. Central blood was obtained by heart puncture. Erythrocyte and leukocyte enumerations and, determinations of hemoglobin in blood and hematocrit value were made in the usual manner. Erythrocyte counts, concentrations of hemoglobin in blood, and hematocrit readings dropped to the lowest value between 1 and 4 weeks postirradiation, returning towards the control values. But recovery was not complete at the time of the last determination on 6 weeks postirradiation. There was a progressive decrease with increasing radiation does in the above values. Mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were not affected by the irradiation. After irradiation of each does the numbers of total leukocyte and the absolute numbers of various types of white cell began to decrease rapidly, and reached a minimum after 2 weeks, returning towards normal levels. But recovery was not complete at the time of the last determination on 6 weeks postirradiation. The reductions in total leukocyte and differential counts as the radiation does increases were apparent. Relative neutrophilia was observed in each irradiated group because of more expense of lymphocytes after irradiation. Growth rate of the rabbits was not affected by 100 R of whloe-body irradiation, while rabbits irradiated with 200, 300, 400 and 500 R showed marked depression of growth rate. As the radiation does increases, a depression of growth rate was apparent. The rabbits exposed to 600 and 700 R ceased from growing and recovery was not recognized during the experimental period.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2019

This study was undertaken to investigate the therapeutic effect of Angelica acutiloba on allergic dermatitis, which Angelica acutiloba is traditionally known to have antiinflammatory effects. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into five groups: normal control group, experimental allergic dermatitis group (vehicle group), low dose of Angelica acutiloba extract (low-dose group), high dose of Angelica acutiloba extract (high-dose group), and antihistamine treated group with experimental dermatitis (antihistamine group). Total leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte and eosinophil counts were significantly higher in the vehicle group than in the control group, but these variables were significantly lower in the low- and high-dose groups than in the vehicle group. The platelet/lymphocyte ratio in the red blood cell index was significantly lower in the low- and high-dose groups than in the vehicle group. Low and high doses of the Angelica acutiloba extract did not have toxic effects on liver and kidney. Serum NO, iNOS and levels were highest in the vehicle group but significantly lower in the low- and high-dose groups, especially in the high-dose group. The results of this study suggested that the Angelica acutiloba extract had the effect of alleviating or treating the experimental allergic dermatitis, and it was concluded that the high dose was more effective.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.156-160
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• 2016

Background: Workers in pesticide manufacturing industries are constantly exposed to pesticides. Genetic biomonitoring provides an early identification of potential cancer and genetic diseases in exposed populations. The objectives of this biomonitoring study were to assess DNA damage through comet assay in blood samples collected from industry workers and compare these results with those of classical analytical techniques used for complete blood count analysis. Methods: Samples from controls (n = 20) and exposed workers (n = 38) from an industrial area in Multan, Pakistan, were subjected to various tests. Malathion residues in blood samples were measured by gas chromatography. Results: The exposed workers who were employed in the pesticide manufacturing industry for a longer period (i.e., 13-25 years) had significantly higher DNA tail length ($7.04{\mu}m$) than the controls ($0.94{\mu}m$). Workers in the exposed group also had higher white blood cell and red blood cell counts, and lower levels of mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), MCH concentration, and mean corpuscular volume in comparison with normal levels for these parameters. Malathion was not detected in the control group. However, in the exposed group, 72% of whole blood samples had malathion with a mean value of 0.14 mg/L (range 0.01-0.31 mg/L). Conclusion: We found a strong correlation ($R^2=0.91$) between DNA damage in terms of tail length and malathion concentration in blood. Intensive efforts and trainings are thus required to build awareness about safety practices and to change industrial workers' attitude to prevent harmful environmental and anthropogenic effects.