• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.111-122
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the ecological impact of wetlands by changing the species diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates and birds following the creation of an artificial wetland with a size of 30 m*30 m on bare land in reclaimed land in Haenam-gun, Korea. We investigated monthly fauna of benthic macroinvertebrates and birds in and outside wetlands and physicochemical indicators for 7 months from March to September 2014. During the study period, the water temperature and dissolved oxygen levels were consistently higher in wetlands than lakes. Many species of benthic macroinvertebrates were observed in summer (16 species in July) due to seasonal effects, and the species diversity index was highest in July and then gradually decreased. Thirteen species of birds were observed in March, 6 species in April, 5 species in July, and 1 species in June, where most winter birds and migratory birds were observed around wetlands in spring. The species diversity index also decreased after being high in July except for spring. This suggests that the abiotic environment in the wetland can be improved by creating an artificial wetland in the reclaimed land, and the increase in benthic macroinvertebrates can ultimately be a basic direction to restore the wetland ecosystem in the reclaimed land.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.26-34
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• 2023

Wetlands are very critical for the conservation of aquatic ecosystems, while also serving as the breeding/ nesting/ resting grounds for water birds. Generally, wetlands support both resident and migratory birds, thus serving as connecting dots in the global flyways. The Rajasthan state of India has two Ramsar sites (Keoladeo National Park and Sambhar Lake) and many other water bodies/wetlands. However, most of these areas are segregated in the eastern, southeastern, southern, and northern parts. In the western part of Rajasthan, where lies the Great Indian or Thar desert, there are no such reported prominent wetlands drawing attention towards a substantial number of resident and migratory water birds. The author is an Indian Forest Service officer, who was posted in the Thar Desert region and during that time had identified a hidden wetland in the desert landscape. This study deliberates on the wetland location and its faunal diversity with prospects of developing the area as a proper wetland conservation zone. India is a signatory to the Central Asian Flyway of migratory species and serves as an important member in terms of having significant wetlands and reported migratory birds count. The need of preserving and bring the arid zone's hidden wetlands to the forefront can serve as an important tool to conserve water birds and comply with worldwide bird migration conservation efforts.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.720-761
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• 2022

This study surveyed the vascular flora present in abandoned paddy field type of 237 forest wetlands in Korea to provide baseline data for conservation, management, and monitoring and to support preparation for damage and climate change. The study period was from April 2015 to November 2021. The vascular flora of 237 forest wetlands by abandoned paddy field type were identified to consist of 128 families, 510 genera, 1,022 species, 27 subspecies, 87 varieties, 10 forma, and 1,146 taxa. 4 taxa were identified as grade II endangered wild plants, 185 taxa were identified as northern lineage plants of the Korean Peninsula, 43 taxa were endemic to the Korean Peninsula, and 58 taxa were rare plants as designated by the Korea Forest Service. Further, 296 taxa were floristic target plants and there were 86 taxa of invasive alien plants. According to wetland preference, 79 taxa (6.9%) were obligate wetland plants, 103 taxa (9.0%) were facultative wetland plants, and 61 (5.3%) taxa were facultative plants. Additionally, 66 taxa (5.8%) were facultative upland plants, and 837 taxa (73.0%) were obligate upland plants.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.395-404
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• 2024

Background: In this study, citizen scientists gathered survey data by monitoring inland wetlands, recognized as carbon sinks, and verified the accuracy of the data for incorporation into ecosystem management policies. Results: In October 2022, citizen scientists conducted surveys on three taxonomical groups (plants, mammals, terrestrial insects) in three wetland protection areas. After capturing photographs with location information, these images were uploaded to a national ecological information bank (EcoBank) managed in Korea. The information collected by citizen scientists underwent cross-validation through two expert methods, involving ecology field experts. First, experts conducted a survey of invasive alien plants in the designated areas and compared their findings with those of citizen scientists. The choice of survey locations by citizen scientists was influenced by their proximity to their residences. Second, an expert scrutinized the accuracy of species names collected and uploaded to EcoBank by citizen scientists, presenting their findings. The classification accuracy for species names was 98.8% for vegetation (n = 83), 21.6% for terrestrial insects (n = 21), and 66.7% for mammals (n = 8). These results indicate that citizen scientists may lack detailed classification ability at the species level. Conclusions: Moving forward, it will be imperative to offer diverse forms of education to strengthen the capabilities of the citizen scientists, including sharing wetland survey results to enhance expertise in species identification, creating and distributing educational materials, and providing on-site education through professional surveyors.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.318-326
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• 2017

Riverine wetlands were reduced and damaged by dredging of rivers and constructing parks in wetlands by Four Rivers Project from 2008 to 2013. Therefore, replacement wetlands were constructed for the compensation of wetland loss by the government. However, It is not enough to manage replacement wetlands. In order to manage the wetlands efficiently, it is necessaty to assess the functions of the wetlands and to manage them according to their functions. Here we performed functional assessments for a replacement wetland called Gangcheon wetland using the modified HGM approach. Hydrological, biogeochemical, animal habitat, and plant habitat functions for the wetland were assessed. To assess the functions, we collected informations for modified HGM approach from the monitored hydrologic data, field survey, published reports and documents for before and after the project, and hydraulic & hydrologic modeling. As the results of the assessment, the hydrological function for the replacement wetland showed 65.5% of the reference wetland, biogeochemical function showed 66.6%, plant habitat function showed 75%, and animal habitat function showed 108.3%. Overall, Gangcheon wetland function after the project was reduced to 78.9% of the function before the project. The decrease in hydrological function is due to the decrease of subsurface storage of water. And the decrease in biogeochemical & pland habitat functions is due to the removal of sandbank around the Gangcheon wetland. To compensate for the reduced function, it is necessary to expand the wetland area and to plant the various vegetation. The modified HGM used in this study can take into account the degree of improvement for replacement wetlands, so it can be used to efficiently manage the replacement wetlands. Also when the wetland is newly constructed, it will be very useful to assess the change of function of the wetland over time.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Rural Planning Conference
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• 1998.03a
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• pp.21-24
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• 1998

The objective of this study is to enforce systematic evaluation on the present condition and ecosystem of coastal wetland to use frame of environmental indicators. For this, the indicators for evaluation of coastal wetland are established and are applied to the present condition. Then, the application possibility of this evaluation indicators and management method by group of coastal method are presented.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.64
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• pp.49-59
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• 2004

This study area that is big Lake by Pauldang-Dam on 1973 that is together North Han-River, South Han-River, and GyaungAn-River. So, Lake flow slow, have many deposit-silt, sand, Pebble etc. Large Land is submerge. in result, Lacustrin wetland became. Water sources are precipitation, river, aquifer. But this wetland is made by dam's water control plan.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.902-904
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• 2003

The main objective of this paper is to investigate the potential utility of multisensor remotely sensed data for improved coastal wetland mapping. Five data fusion models, three algebraic models (Multiplicative (MT), Brovey (BT) and Wavelet transform (WT)) and two spectral domain models (Principals component transform (PCT) and Intensity-Hue-Saturation (IHS)) were implemented and tested over the multisensor data. The fused images were then compared based on visual and statistical approaches. The results show that the wavelet transform provides greater flexibility for combining optical data sets and has good potential for preserving the spatial and spectral content of the original images . However, this model yields poor information when combining optical and microwave data. Brovey transform is more reliable for fusing optical and microwave image data and yields improved information about different wetland features of the coastal zone.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.377-380
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• 2002

Wetland systems are widely accepted natural water purification systems around the world in nonpoint sources pollution control. In this study, the field experiment to reduce nonpoint source pollution loadings from agricultural drainage and polluted stream waters using wetland and pond system was performed. The removal rate of $BOD_5$, TSS, TN, TP, and $Chl-{\alpha}$ was 52%, 90%, 56%, 59%, and 81%, respectively. Performance of the experimental system was compared with existing data base (NADB), and it was within the range of general system performance. Overall the water quality improvement was apparent in wetland and pond system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.470-474
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• 2001

A pilot study was performed at the experimental field of Konkuk University in Seoul, to examine the waste water treatment using constructed wetland and pond system. The effluent of the wetland system in winter often exceeded effluent water quality standards for sewage treatment plant, therefore, pond system could be applied to additional system. As a result, removal rate of $BOD_{5}$, SS was 84.4%, 81.5% and effluent concentration was 4.6mg/L and 5.0mg/L respectively, when surface water of pond system was discharged in March. So we concluded that pond system stored wetland effluent in winter and discharged surface water of pond system in March, so met water quality standard.