• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.65-70
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the intertester reliability and validity of four nonradiologic measurements of thoracic spine rotation in healthy adults. Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: This study was conducted on 20 male and 20 female university students aged between 19 and 26. To measure thoracic rotation, a goniometer, a bubble inclinometer, a dual inclinometer, and a smartphone application-clinometer were used. The measurement was performed twice for each device and the same measurement was performed by two examiners. The measurements were performed in the lumbar locked position. The arm in the direction of rotation was taken back and placed onto the back of the lumbar region. With right and left trunk rotation, the head was rotated together but remained in the center line so that the axial rotation was maintained. Both examiners performed the measuring procedures and directly handled the measuring instrument. All measurement results were recorded by the recorder. Results: The range of motion (ROM) of thoracic rotation in lumbar locked position for all four devices was 47 degrees. The intra-rater reliability estimates ranged from 0.738 to 0.906 (p<0.05). The inter-rater reliability estimates ranged from 0.736 to 0.853 (p<0.05). The goniometer, bubble inclinometer, dual inclinometer, and smartphone clinometer showed high validity (p<0.05). This result indicates that all four devices may be used by the same examiner and by other examiners obtaining follow-up measurement. Conclusions: The use of the goniometer, bubble inclinometer, dual inclinometer, and smartphone clinometer for measurements in the lumbar locked posture are reliable and valid nonradiologic measures of thoracic rotational ROM in healthy adults.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.35-41
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• 2002

Being rapidly increased in population of the Elderly supporting of the Elderly is no longer family's and personal problems. It is social issue that demand measures by the government. Though many kinds of welfare policies for the Elderly have been established, it is not sufficient both in quality and quantity. In order to support residents of region, welfare facilities which based on community welfare have been supplied. This study is targeted on health facility for the elderly of Japan. First purpose, it is to acheive basic information about health facility. Second purpose of this study is to basic data for planning of facility.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2000

Our country, korea, has become the aged society in 2000. Thus, the problem of the old assumes an aspect of wide scope and variety, and it becomes a social problem. the world does its utmost to settle the welfare of the old, and international action plan and UN principle for the old have been established in recent years. keeping pace with this trend, our country carries forward a middle and long term plan of welfare of the old. However, facilities for the old in apartment complexes are established not in a level of the welfare of the old, but in a level of relief work or the protection of the old. Therefore this study suggests a series of reform measures of the facilities for the old and the direction of the plan of welfare facilities for the old, by studying the present situation and actual conditions of facilities in apartment complexes.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.17-31
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• 2002

The number of single family is increasing because of individualism, resistance toward patriarchal family system, forced independence of women, absence of proper spouse and divorce rate, and aging. This study is to find out welfare needs in order to make family welfare measures toward continuously increasing single family. Data analysis has been tried to accomplish the purpose of study by in-depth interview, and structural questions were asked according to characteristics and degree of communication. Difficulties that single testers go through are social prejudice, financial problems, emotional and psychological factor, reduction of social network, and health. Lack of publicity, limit of welfare beneficiary, lack of service are suggested as problems, and what needs to be changed are formation of self-reliance meeting, financial independence, preparation of health and one's declining years.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.66 no.2
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• pp.255-286
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• 2014

This study aimed at developing and validating two standardized measures, 'power controllability', and 'power desirability', which can be utilized to categorize power relationships among the school youth. In order to identify initial items for the measures researchers conducted individual as well as focus group interviews with middle and high school students. School teachers and other school related professionals involved in ensuring both the face validity and the content validity of the initial items. For the finally selected items both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses have been executed with the sample of 1,822 students attending elementary, middle, and high schools in the metropolitan area of Seoul, Korea. To test the validity of the confirmed factor structure of the measures the new sample of 348 middle school students were employed from the metropolitan area. Both construct validity and reliability were calculated from the validity test sample. Based on the two developed measures 4 types of power relationship were identified among the students. The four types of power relationship turned out to predict well the roles that students take in the field of school violence.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.61-70
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• 2015

To develop an effective and efficient measurement system for tracking changes of functional status across two measures, it is essential to integrate information and communicate scores across two measures. The lack of communication between two measures leads to score incompatibility. A potential solution would be the development of a crosswalk table between those measures. Prior to creating a crosswalk table, selecting common items between two measures is critical. By using the Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire (Oswestry) and a short form measuring disability resulting from low back pain, item level statistics as well as differential item functioning (DIF) using the Rasch measurement were investigated. Eighty-two participants with known group validity were recruited. Based on the application of the Rasch measurement model, item difficulties across the two measures were logically and hierarchically ordered. Ceiling effects for both measures were detected, which were not be able to be effectively measured with the two measures. The DIF analysis across the two measures confirmed that five paired items were found to have DIF and five common items were selected for common items. Although five paired items function differently across the Oswestry and the short form, all items of both measures were well targeted study participants. The common items selected by the Rasch measurement model may be effective when creating a crosswalk table between the Oswestry and the short form.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.81-94
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• 2013

Recently, the dramatical increasement of personal information infringement makes the government strongly enforce the laws. The Key-point of law enforcement is the DB encryption. Nevertheless, DB encryption is the one of the hardest thing in the organization's security measures. The purpose of this paper is suggesting alternative means of residence numbers and showing the possibility of indicator usage for safety measures. This research suggested the best ways to make a decision through a before and after comparison of the DB encryption cost of the inherent identification number elimination in "Social Welfare consolidation service system". When this research result was applied in "Happiness-e-Um system", we found that the alternative means are more efficient than the residence number for encryption cost, system revision time and so on.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.126-133
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• 2008

Purpose : The aim of this study is to identify current situation and issues of outcome measures to evaluate the public health programs using traditional medicine by public health centers in Korea. Method :This study analyse and review existing data and documents related to traditional Korean medicine and health policy using contents analysis method. To collect the information on outcome measures evaluating the programmes, this study reviewed annual reports for health promotion programmes using traditional Korean medicine(HP-TKM) of Hub public health centers, as pilot public health centers, which have implemented the health promotion programmes collectively. Additionally, the review included research articles, government documents and book chapters on the topics related assessments in health promotion. Results :HP-TKM are stroke prevention education, smoke free program, health promotion according to Four Constitutional Medicine, home visiting treatment, etc. However, there are only a few studies of traditional medicine focused health promotion evaluation strategies. The benefits of health promotion programs using TKM can be categorized as non-health benefit, physiological, psychological and physical effects. To manage and monitor the intervention programmes efficiently, attention should be given to developing relevant and valid outcome measures for evaluating the programmes by government and public health center. Conclusion :Up to now, considering number of researchers, research projects undertaken or published articles and reports, within traditional Korean medicine there is a lack of capacity in research. Thus, government should pay more attention to developing relevant and valid outcome measures for evaluating the programs.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.257-272
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate practical measures to provide a better welfare services in public sector through analyzing differences according to socio-demographic characteristics about the quality service of public welfare that social welfare officials perceive personally. The questionnaire has been conducted among 401 social welfare officials with 5 factors: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, empathy and assurances. With the results, the age was the most conspicuous difference in five factors of quality service in general. The quality of welfare service appears lower level as the official works close to community members. Additionally, the analysis shows that social welfare officials have relatively low perception about reliability, responsiveness and empathy. The official in charge of social welfare needs to have a neighborhood-centered value orientation, and be a social worker and official in the field of substantive welfare. Therefore, this study has a meaning to suggest some directions of social welfare transition and basic delivery system by identifying their understanding.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.227-251
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• 2004

The objective of this study is to explore the characteristic of welfare for the disabled on the focus of 'Welfare Law for the Disabled' through multiple paradigm of disability. A proper understanding of disability theory requires more than a distinction between individual and social model approaches. It is also helpful to distinguish between materialist and idealist explanations. These two dimensions are used to generate a four-fold typology. In 'Welfare Law for the Disabled of 1981', individual materialist position was dominated. In 'Welfare Law for the Disabled of 1989', individual idealist position dawned to appear. In 'Welfare Law for the Disabled of 1999' which expanded diverse community services, individual idealist position was strengthened and social creationist position started to appear. Several characteristics are found out after analysis of 'Welfare Law for the Disabled of 1999'. Individual materialist position, individual idealist position, and social creationist position are mixed. Though the goal of the law is based on social creationist position, the central policies and measures are based on individual materialist position and individual idealist position. So it is necessary to amend 'Welfare Law for the Disabled' in the direction of including social creationist position and social constructionist position.