• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.278-281
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• 2008

As all industries field has changed very quickly, the field of construction faces in many changed. It is the representatively change that focus on the growth of quality level than increase of the quantity in construction. Whether the project successes or not is related to the survival of the company and it is necessity that we need performance measurement indicators to complete the project successfully. The domestic construction company considers overbearingly the cost-performance indicator in executing a project so far. It is rare of studies that suggest the methodology of more deeply measurement and analysis about the each project itself. The performance measured methodology based on Lean Construction is linked with the each project performance measurement methodology. This methodology uses three indicators such as the reliability, effectiveness and productivity at the sane their measuring whether each task is completed at the point of work. The measurement on the three performance indicators measure and evaluate whether the task is completed on the focus of construction duration. The research suggest the work plan reliability and weight of the performance measurement methodology based on the Lean Construction and the three considerately in the scope of measurement. If the suggestion is considered fully, we can indicate more objective and accurate construction project performance measurement indicators based on Lena Construction.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.240-245
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the blocked practice and random practice of task-oriented training in patients with chronic stroke to determine the effect of lower extremity muscle activity and balance ability. Methods: The thirty participants were randomly assigned to either the block practice group (BP) group or the random practice group (RP) and received the training three times per week, 30 minutes per day, for six weeks. Surface electromyography was used for measurement of lower extremity muscle activity. Static balance was to measured the stability index (SI) and weight distribution index (WDI) using the Tetrax. The four square step test (FSST) was used to measure dynamic balance. The paired t-test was used for determination of differences before and after intervention, and the independent t-test was used for determination of differences between groups. Results: Lower extremity muscle activity, RA and GCM was improved in the RP group after intervention and between groups. TA was significantly improved in the RP group compared with the BP group. In comparison of before and after interventions, SI was reduced in BP and RP. WDI in OS was reduced in comparison of BP and RP before and after intervention. CS was reduced in BP and RP. The OS and CS was improved in RP compared with BP. In comparison of before and after intervention, FSST was improved in BP and RP. Conclusion: Task-oriented training methods using random practice was found to be effective in promoting lower extremity muscle activity and balance ability in chronic stroke patients.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.93-103
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• 2011

This study was implemented to verify the feasibility of motor function recovery and the appropriate period for therapy. The research began with spinal laminectomy of 40 white rats of Sprague-Dawley breed and induced them spinal crush injury. Following results were obtained by using the modified Tarlov test (MTT), Basso, Beattle, Bresnahan locomotor rating scale (EBB scale) and modified inclined plate test (MIPT). First, the measurement using the MTT confirm that the most severe aggravation and degeneration of functions are observed two days after induced injury, and no sign of neuromotor function recovery. Second, better scores were achieved by open-ground movement group on BBB locomotor rating scale test, and weight-bearing on inclined plate group show better performance on MIPT. Third, both BBB and MIPT scale manifested the peak of motor function recovery during 16th day after the injury and turn into gradual recovery gradient during 16th to 24th. Fourth, the control group showed functional recovery, however, the level of recovery was less significant when compared with group open-ground movement group and weight-bearing on inclined plate group. Hence, it was clearly manifested that the lumbar region of the spinal cord had shown the best performance when its functions were measured after the execution of specific physical training; therefore it indicated the possibility of learning specific task even in damaged lumbar regions. Thus it is expected to come out with better and more effective functional recovery if concentrated physical therapy was applied starting 4 days after the injury till 16 days, which is the period of the most active recovery.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.4588-4608
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• 2017

The measurement of information security levels is a very important but difficult task. So far, various measurement methods have studied the development of new indices. Note, however, that researches have focused on the problem of attaining a certain level but largely neglecting research focused on the issue of how different types of possible flaws in security controls affect each other and which flaws are more critical because of these effects. Furthermore, applying the same weight across the board to these flaws has made it difficult to identify the relative importance. In this paper, the interrelationships among security flaws that occurred in the security controls of K-ISMS were analyzed, and the relative impact of each security control was measured. Additionally, a case-control study was applied using empirical data to eliminate subjective bias as a shortcoming of expert surveys and comparative studies. The security controls were divided into 2 groups depending on whether or not a security flaw occurs. The experimental results show the impact relationship and the severity among security flaws. We expect these results to be applied as good reference indices when making decisions on the removal of security flaws in an enterprise.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.53-77
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• 2008

In recent years, although numbers of corporations are bringing in PMO, they seem to be indifferent to PMO performance measurement. This demonstrates that there are also other reasons beside performance measurement of information systems (IS) project being ambiguous by introducing PMO; the lack of acknowledging the concrete function of PMO, and the scarcity of empirical study about the effect of PMO on the project members and project performance. In this sense, this study is aimed at proposing a new research model in which project success factors (i.e., standardization, management advocacy, and staff expertise) affect PMO capability (i.e., knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency) positively, leading to project performance (i.e., task outcomes, psychological outcomes, and organizational outcomes) eventually. To empirically test the research model, data are surveyed from PMO department and IS department. To prove the validity of the proposed research model, PLS analysis is applied with valid 132 questionnaires. By employing PLS technique, the measurement reliability and validity of research variables are tested and the path analysis is conducted to do the hypothesis testing. The path analysis results can be organized into 7 ways in large scale. First, standardization of project success factors has a positive association with knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency of PMO capabilities. The findings of this result indicate that the multiple or single project management should satisfy standardization in order to operate an effective PMO. Second, management advocacy of project success factors has a positive association with knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency. Management advocacy refers to the willingness of management to provide the required resources and authority for project success. There is agreement among researchers regarding the importance of management advocacy for favorable PMO capability. Third, staff expertise of project success factors has a positive association with knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency. The findings of this result indicate that the formation of an exceptional consultant or members with a proficient knowledge for staff expertise of project member is the key factor to elevate the PMO capability. Past research suggests that experience and knowledge and the resultant familiarity with the problem faced can be an important determinant of PMO capability. A capable project with appropriate staff expertise means that it enjoys a diversity of abilities and experiences. Fourth, knowledge management competency of PMO capabilities has a positive impact on psychological outcomes but has no direct effect on task outcomes and organizational outcomes. In domestic case of S. Korea, PMO was finally introduced to many other corporations in 2005 though it started bringing in 2000. Therefore, it had neither a significant impact on the task outcomes nor organizational outcomes by lacking the contents and the infrastructure of the knowledge management because the knowledge consolidation and management period of PMO is comparatively shorter by terms than other foreign nations. Fifth, resources management competency of PMO capabilities has a positive association with task outcomes, psychological outcomes, and organizational outcomes. In addition, problem solving competency of PMO capabilities has a positive association with task outcomes, psychological outcomes, and organizational outcomes. Therefore, the findings of this results stress that PMO capabilities has a positive impact on project performance. Sixth, according to the path analysis of the hypothesis, which suggested in this research, problem solving competency is the PMO capability which is the key success factor for task, psychological, and organizational outcomes as an integrated performance model. Further, the analysis reveals that problem solving competency is an important factor for integrated performance model. The finding is in line with past IS research, which affirms that the work of IS projects is essentially a problem solving endeavor. Seventh, in the path analysis of the hypothesis in this research, the path of the management advocacy $\rightarrow$ problem solving competency $\rightarrow$ organizational outcomes appears to be the most important and strongest path. In brief, the finding of this study suggests that project success factors influence PMO capability positively, and project performance as well. From the results, it can be concluded that PMO helped great improve the project success rate and project performance. This study advances research on PMO capability in three important aspects. First, the findings of our study have implications for IS theory and future research. Our study contributes to IS theory by synthesizing concepts from PMO research and project management research with those in IS research. We proposed and tested PMO capability of IS projects and the findings of our investigation provided some preliminary answers to some of the questions raised. Secondly, this thesis does not only help depicting the concept of IT governance but also approaches empirically. It makes a gradual approach to the main content, step by step, in contrary of simple standard, scholastic way of thinking. Finally, we argued that this task-oriented(technical) view is not sufficient to adequately conceptualize IS project performance. Hence, we applied that the research on organization teams, which provides a flip viewpoint to that of project management research in that it gives more weight for psychological outcomes of organizational work groups, can be very helpful in reconceptualizing the IS project performance construct. The limitations of this study are also discussed to provide research directions for future research.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.281-285
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• 1997

We developed the system which could trace the hand and arm motion to test the product usability by integrating a wired-glove and a magnetic position sensing system. The magnetic position sensing system traces the position and orientation of the arm while the sired-glove measures 18 phal angeal joint angles. A case study was performed on two different camcorders in weight. The heavier camcorder was more stable than the lighter one. Also the recording task is more stable than the zoom-in and zoom-out tasks. This system could be used to monitor and quantify the hand and arm motion in real time and also could be used to test the product usability where the hand motion is important.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.63-70
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to compare the difference of joint position sense between measurements. Fourteen healthy male subjects were recruited for this study. The elbow joint position senses were measured using angle reproduction test. The elbow joint position sense was assessed with three experimental conditions: ipsilateral reproduction test in open-chain condition, contralateral reproduction test in open-chain condition, ipsilateral reproduction test with weight in open-chain condition and ipsilateral reproduction test in closed-chain condition. The angular difference between stimulus position and the reproduced position (angular error) was calculated in all testing conditions to examine the accuracy of the joint position sense. One way ANOVA was used to compare the error angles in all experimental conditions. The error angles between measurements were significantly different in elbow joint. The error angles was smallest in ipsilateral reproduction test with weight in open-chain condition and was greatest in the contralateral reproduction test in open-chain condition. Findings of this study indicate that testing methods, types of task, existence of resistance should be considered in clinical assessment for the joint position sense.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.104-109
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• 2015

The Korea Research Institute of Ships & Ocean Engineering (KRISO) has an ice tank to make a test environment similar to the real ice in the polar sea in order to carry out model tests. One of the most important task of the ice tank is to generate the model ice to have similar material properties as sea ice. The primary properties of sea ice which influence the ice performance of ice breakers and ice-strengthened vessels traveling in the polar sea are ice thickness, flexural strength, density, modulus of elasticity and crystal structure etc. Among them, since the density of model ice influences the buoyance resistance of ice for the ship model, the accurate measurement of ice density should be used to obtain the accurate analysis results from the model test. In this paper, some existing methods to measure the density of model ice are reviewed and a new one is proposed to measure it accurately and easily as possible. In this study, the measuring system including an UTM and several measuring devices was established to obtain the model ice density. Polyethylene and ice specimens are used for a series of repeatable measurement tests. From the results, it was recognized that both of the displacement method and the weight/weight methods gave the stable and favorable tendency.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.178-188
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• 1996

Blood pressure distribution of adolescents and its several related factors including obesity were investigated through blood pressure measuring by automated oscillometric method, anthropometry, and questionnaire. Subjects were 480 female and 480 male middle school students living in Taejon. Mean values of systolic(SBP)/diastolic(DNP) blood pressure of male and female students were 118.4$\pm$11.0/69.5$\pm$9.6 mmHg and 116.9$\pm$10.4/69.5$\pm$8.6 mmHg, respectively. Their blood pressures, particularly SBP, increased with age and showed higher value in the males than in the females. All frequency distributions of SBP and DBP, by sex and age, showed normal curves and their 50th, 90th, and 95th percentiles were presented. As obese index increased, both SBP and DBP were elevated and the prevalence of hypertension which was classified by Task Force Report(1987) increased, particularly in male students. Body weight and BMI were positively correlated with both SBP and DBP, and hight was also positively correlated with SBP or DBP. Our data inicated that blood pressure and hypertension prevalence of adolescents tended to increase and various internal and external environmental factors affected them. It was emphasized that blood pressure measurement should be done in every medical examination of adolescents and the nationwide Korean standard of blood pressure for adolescents have to be prepared. (Korean J Community Nutrition 1(2) : 178-188, 1996)

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.223-230
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• 2011

Physiological signals such as body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure and heart rate variability and biomechanical workload for stress analysis were investigated during the cherry tomato harvesting work in a greenhouse. The skin temperatures raised $0.05^{\circ}C$/min, $0.03^{\circ}C$/ min, and $0.08^{\circ}C$/min in standing, stooping and squatting postures, respectively. Breath rate significantly increased from 18 to 28 breaths/min during the cherry tomato harvesting work. As the heart rate during the work ranged from about 72 to 110 beats/min (bpm), the cherry tomato harvesting work appeared to be a light intensity task of less than 110 bpm. The worker's average energy consumption rate in three positions during 43 min working time was 65.74 kcal (91 kcal/h in 70 kg). This was a light intensity of work, compared to 75 kcal/h in 70 kg of basic metabolic energy consumption rate of a worker with 70 kg weight; The maximum shear force on the disk (L5/ S1) due to static workload in the cherry tomato harvesting work was 446 N in the stooping posture, 321 N in the squatting posture and 287 N in the standing posture. Acute stress index expressed with the heart rate variability, increased parasympathetic activation up to about 70 while workers were doing most agricultural work in this study. This study provided a system to measure quantitatively workers' physiological change, kinematics and kinetic factors without any restrictions of space in the greenhouse works.