• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.98-104
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• 2001

Recently, the researches on the prevention of marine oil pollution being strengthened. Sludge oils were unavoidably produced in ship's operations, therefore it is necessary to manage the sludge oils inside the ship itself with the view to prevent marine oil pollution from ship. The present study deals with the ultrasonic breaking systems that recycle the sludge oil from ships into usable oil to be burnt. At the first instanceexperimental studies were carried out to investigate the homogenizing effect of the marine oils and the erosion aspect of horn disc by repeated vibration of ultrasonic transducer. The erosion damages for horn disc SS41 steel with weight loss rate and the irradiation time to max. erosion rate were examined according to the variation of the transducer amplitude, the oil temperature and the immersing depth of horn disc. As the result of it, the erosion aspects of horn disk were varied with oil environments and testing time.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.295-297
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• 2000

A new method to evaluate erosion of biodegradable polymer, polyanhydrides, was developed. The polymer devices were prepared with the melt-casting method and weight loss was accurately measured after agitating the devices in buffers (pH 1-9), and removing the device at selected time intervals and freeze-drying the device. The erosion rate was estimated from the plot of the weight loss(%) of device as a function of time. The freeze-drying technique used in this study is particularly useful for estimating the erosion rate of biodegradable polymer.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.59-65
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• 1996

Cotton fabrics were treated by low temperature plasma and/or cellulase, and its physical and dyeing properties were investigated. All the pretreatments of the cotton with low temperature plasma of oxygen, nitrogen and argon slowed down the rate of weight loss of cotton in cellulase solution. Plasma pretreatment did not show any strength retention effect on cotton fiber in the subsequent cellulase treatment. Pretreatment of cotton with low temperature oxygen plasma decreased the rate of dyeing in direct dye bath, while cellulase or plasma/cellulase pretreatment increased the rate. Equilibrium dye uptake of cotton was not changed greatly by the pretreatments except the normal untreated cotton showed more or less high uptake. The pretreatment of cellulase with a water-soluble carbodiimide reduced the enzymatic activity, and did not show any strength retention of cotton in enzymatic weight loss.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.157-162
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• 2003

The sludge oils were produced necessarily in the ships operation, so that it will be the best way to manage the sludge oils inside ship itself from a viewpoint of the prevention of marine oil pollution from ship. The ultrasonic breaking systems which recycle the sludge oil from ship into usable oil to be brunt is recognized as a most possible recycling device. In this regards, the purpose of this study is to examine erosion damage on the SS400 specimen by cavitation and the effect of impact pressure generated from the demolition of the cavity of ultrasonic vibration in the marine sludge oil environment .. The erosion damage of specimen was investigated mainly on weight loss, weight loss rate and maximum erosion rate with variation of the oil temperature as well as the change of space between transducer horn and specimen. The experimental results showed that as the space between ultrasonic vibrator horn and specimen disk increased, the weight loss and weight loss rate decreased and the values were larger in SFO than in SLO. The experimental results can be useful to the development of sludge oil disposing systems and to consider a countermeasure for the prevention of erosion damages by cavitation.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.218-223
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• 2018

In this study, we proposed a new ultrasonic-chemical decontamination process for decontaminating radioactive corrosion products during the maintenance of reactor coolant pump (RCP). The actual decontamination process was reproduced in the laboratory. And the corrosion characteristics of stainless steel (STS), constituting the RCP interior parts, were examined. The weight-loss measurment and polarization experiment were carried out in order to determine the corrosion characteristics of STS 304 and STS 415 by repeated decontamination processes. The STS 304 presented a little corrosion damage, which was almost indistinguishable from visual observation. The weight-loss rate of STS 304 was also significantly lower. On the other hand, STS 415 showed severe corrosion damage on its surface, greater weight-loss rate and higher corrosion current density than STS 304.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.187-187
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• 2003

To examine the effect of packaging method on strawberry, tomato, and plum quality, the rate of weight loss, Hunter a value, decay rate, anthocyanin contents, and microbial (total bacterial counts, mold and yeast, and pseudomonas) changes were determined during storage. Strawberry was packaged with low density polyethylene (LDPE). Tomato and plum were packaged with high density polyethylene film (HDPE). Strawberries, tomatoes, and plums were then stored at 4$^{\circ}C$ and 20$^{\circ}C$, respectively. LDPE package was the most effective on the decrease of decay rate of strawberry and the rate of weight loss for packaged strawberry was lower than that of the non-packaged. HDPE package was the most effective on the rate of weight loss during storage of tomatoes and plums regardless of storage temperature. Hunter a value increased during storage. Anthocyanin contents of plums increased overall with increasing storage time, and plums stored without package were changed more than those with package. Microbial changes of strawberry, tomato, and plum stored at 4$^{\circ}C$ and 20$^{\circ}C$ were monitored during storage. Packaging method did not affect the microbial change, yet temperature did affect the microbial change significantly. These results indicate that storage of these commodities at 4$^{\circ}C$ should be recommended in terms ,of microbial safety as well as quality and shelf-life.

• Mycobiology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.164-167
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• 2012

The effects of aeration through lid filters on the hyphal growth of Lentinula edodes (oak mushroom) in sawdust cultivation bags were investigated. The aeration treatment levels were traditional 27 mm hole cotton plugs, cotton balls and combinations of seven hole sizes ${\times}$ two hole positions (up and under) in the lids covering plastic bags containing 1.4 kg sawdust medium at 63% moisture that had been autoclaved for one hour and inoculated with sawdust spawn of L. edodes strain 921. Aeration treatment effects were measured based on the $CO_2$ concentration at the 15th wk, as well as the hyphal growth rate and degree of weight loss of bags every 14 days for 15 wk. In bags with traditional cotton plugs, the $CO_2$ concentration was $3.8{\pm}1.3%$, daily mean hyphal growth was $2.3{\pm}0.6mm$ and daily mean weight loss was $0.84{\pm}0.26g$. In the bags with 15 mm diameter holes, the $CO_2$ concentration was $6.0{\pm}1.6%$, daily hyphal growth was $2.8{\pm}0.2mm$ and daily weight loss was $0.86{\pm}0.4g$. The bags with 15 mm holes had a higher $CO_2$ concentration and lower water loss than bags with other hole sizes, but the hyphal growth was not significantly different from that of other bags. The weight loss of bags increased proportionally relative to the lid hole sizes. Taken together, these results indicate that traditional cotton plugs are economically efficient, but 15 mm hole lids are the most efficient at maintaining hyphal growth and controlling water loss while allowing $CO_2$ emissions.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.4 no.6
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• pp.231-235
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• 2005

The inhibitive effect of extracts of tamarind seeds and jackfruit seeds, curry leaves and henna leaves on corrosion of mild steel in 1M HCl solution have been studied by weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization and impedance measurements. Results obtained from the electrochemical techniques were in good agreement with weight loss results. From the weight loss data, the values of surface coverage ($\Theta$) and corrosion rate were calculated. The inhibition efficiency (IE) increased with increasing inhibitor concentration in 1M HCl solution. In all the cases the adsorption of the natural product extracts on the mild steel surface from 1M HCl follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm relationship. Potentiodynamic polarization studies reveal the fact that all the four natural product extracts act as mixed type inhibitors. The decrease in the inhibition efficiency follows the order: Extracts of jackfruit seed>henna leaves>curry leaves>tamarind seed.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.125-130
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• 2001

The effects of modified atmosphere(MA) storage for fresh red chili pepper and red bell pepper fruits were investigated with storing in polyethylene film with various fine holes. During the storage of the both pepper fruits, the weight loss, color change, mold emergence, and firmness were evaluated. The weight loss of pepper fruits packaged without holes on film was less than 3%, even though it was each 50% and 25% for non packaged red chili pepper and red bell pepper fruits. The rates of mold emergence of red chili pepper and red bell pepper fruits were reached to each 60% and 50% at the end of storage period as stored in film without holes. However, the rate of mold emergence of pepper fruits was lowered when fruits were stored in MA with low relative humidity (70∼80%). The color and firmness of pepper fruits were not much changed when fruits were stored in MA with high humidity.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.206-215
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• 1993

In the prior study, wool gabardines were treated with alkaline proteases which were some kinds of enzyme to decompose protein, and their tensile strengths were determined, and the surface of the fibers were also observed using a scanning electron microscope. Enzylon ASN 30 and Alkalase 2.5L DX did not show much effect on the weight loss of wool, however, the weight loss of wool increased considerably with treating Esperase 8.0L. Pretreatment of wool with dichloloisocyanuric acid before protease-treatment increased the weight loss of wool to a great extent. In this study, the enzyme treated wools dyeing behaviors with acid dye, Milling Cyanine 5R, were mainly investigated. The protease-treatment remarkably increased not only the rate of dyeing but also the saturation dye uptake. From these results, it seemed likely that the structural relaxation of adhesive filler of interscale or intercellular cement facilitated the dye penetration into the fibers, at the same time, the change in the inner structure of the wool fibers by the protease made the fixation of the dyes more efficient.