• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제47권7호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2010

본 논문은 면허사용자와 CR기기 사이의 거리에 따른 가중치가 적용된 결합방식 (Distance based weight combining : DWC)을 사용하여 에너지 검출 기반 협력 스펙트럼 센싱을 제안하고 이에 따른 분석 및 모의실험 결과를 나타낸다. 면허사용자의 신호는 OFDM기반의 시스템을 가정하였으며 면허 사용자와 CR 기기 사이의 무선 채널은 가우시안 (Gaussian) 채널로 모델링 하였다. 에너지 검출법을 위한 임계값은 각 채널의 SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio)에 따라 다르게 적용되었으며 각 채널의 잡음신호의 평균값으로 가정하였다. DWC를 적용한 협력 스펙트럼 센싱을 수행한 결과 거리에 따라 다양한 검출확률을 나타낸 단일 센싱에 비해 비교적 안정된 검출확률을 나타내는 것으로 알 수 있었으며, 동일이득 결합을 반영하여 협력스펙트럼 센싱을 수행한 것 보다 우수한 스펙트럼 센싱을 나타내었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.577-583
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• 2012

This study was carried out to investigate the supplemental effects of dietary garlic extract (GE) on growth performance of juvenile sterlet sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus). The first experiment was designed to determine the optimum levels of garlic extract as growth promoter during 10 weeks. Three groups (two replicates/group) of 240 fish with mean body weight of 85 g were fed with diets containing 0 (control), 0.5 and 1.0% of GE. The highest weight gain (%) and feed efficiency (%) were found in fish groups fed with diet containing 0.5% GE. Subsequently, the supplemental effects of dietary GE was studied on growth of juvenile sterlet sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus) with an average body weight of 59.6 g. Fish cultured in freshwater were randomly allotted to each of 10 tanks (two groups of five replicates, 20 fish/tank) and fed diets with 0.5% GE or without GE (control), respectively, at the level of 2.0% of fish body weight per day for 5 weeks. Weight gain (51.1%), feed efficiency (79.1%), specific growth rate (1.18%) and protein efficiency ratio (1.50) of fish fed 0.5% GE were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those fish fed the control diet. Significantly higher protein (PRE 20.4%) and lipid retention efficiencies (LRE, 74.5%) were also found in 0.5% GE group (p<0.05). The present results suggested that dietary GE could improve growth and feed utilization of juvenile sterlet sturgeons.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.539-546
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• 1989

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of addition of cellulose in the diet on the metabolism in rat fed high and low level of zinc. The experimental animals were consisted of 24 male weaning rats of Sprague-Dawley strain(mean weight 72.3g), and they were devided into 4 groups of 6 rats and fed experimental diets for four weeks. Dietary zinc levels used were 10 ppm, and 300ppm and cellulose levels were 2.5% and 10% of diet by weight. Throughout the experimental period, feed consumption and body weight gain were measured and feed efficiency ratio was calculated. The weight of live, kidney and spleen were measured, and the contents of zinc in feces, urine, liver, kidney, spleen and serum were determined. The results obtained are summarized as following ; 1. Body weight gain in high zinc-adequate cellulose group was significantly higher than the other groups. Feed consumptions were significantly higher in high zinc groups and no significant difference was found with dietary cellulose levels. 2. Fecal zinc excretions of four groups were not different at the first week, but at the end of fourth week, high zinc groups experince significantly more zinc excretion than low zinc groups, and also high cellulose groups had higher zinc contents in the feces than the adequate ones within the same zinc levels(p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the urinary zinc excretion. 3. The weights of liver, kidney and spleen were heavier in the high zinc groups than the lower ones, and higher in the high cellulose groups(p<0.05). The liver zinc contents were significantly lower in the low zinc and high cellulose groups. However zinc contents in the kidney and serum were not influenced by dietary zinc level but by cellulouse level. High cellulose diet lowered serum and kidney zinc concentrations(p<0.05).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.418-424
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• 2006

This experiment was conducted to explore the efficacy of lacquer (Rhus verniciflua) supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass traits and serum biochemical values in commercial broilers. Eight hundred and forty Hubbard broiler chicks (1d old) were randomly distributed and allotted to four dietary treatments for five weeks. Each treatment had 5 replicates with 42 birds each. The dietary treatments were (1) control (2) 1% lacquer, (3) 2% lacquer and 4) 4% lacquer supplied as meal in the diet. Supplementation with lacquer improved weight gain (p = 0.0960) showing a linear trend during the starter phase (0-3 wk), but weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio remained unaffected at the finisher phase (4-5 wk) and overall (0-5 wk). The nutrient digestibility studies conducted after 18 and 35 days of experimental feeding showed a linear (p<0.05) increase in digestibility of CP and ether extract at both measurement timess. The carcass studies were conducted on two birds per replicate (10 per treatment) at the end of both 3 and 5 wk. The dressing percentage, liver weight, heart weight, abdominal fat and the breast meat expressed as a percentage of live weight, did not differ significantly due to treatments at both phases. The serum cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) showed a linear decrease (p = 0.0683 and p = 0.0322, respectively) as the level of supplementation increased at 3 wk; at 5 wk serum cholesterol, HDL and triglyceride levels decreased significantly showing a positive linear effect of lacquer on fat metabolism. The meat color values such as lightness, redness and yellowness did not reveal any significant trend. Overall, it could be concluded that lacquer supplementation at higher levels did not affect growth performance, but had a positive impact on fat metabolism by influencing fat digestibility and reducing serum cholesterol and triglyceride.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.292-298
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• 2006

Modification of the diet during childhood and adolescence may be an effective strategy for maximizing the peak bone mass. Many supplementation studies have suggested a positive effect of the increased vitamin D intake on the bone mineral status in the elderly. However to date all studies have been conducted on old men and postmenopausal women. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of vitamin D supplementation on the bone mineral density and bone mineral content in growing rats. Twenty Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into two groups; Control, and vitamin D supplementation. The bone mineral density(BMD) and bone mineral content(BMC) were measured using PIXImus in the spine and femur. Vitamin D supplementation did not affect the level of weight gain, mean food intake and food efficiency ratio. In addition, vitamin D supplementation had no added effect on the spine and femur BMD, and BMC. There were no significant differences in the spine BMD/weight and BMC/weight between the groups, but the spine BMD/weight and BMC/weight was 11 % higher in the vitamin D supplementation group. The femur BMD/weight and femur BMC/weight were significantly higher in the vitamin D supplementation group 9 weeks after the experiment. These results provide evidence of the beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation on the BMD during the growth period.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.243-250
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• 2004

본 시험은 찰벼의 수량제한요인을 알아내기 위하여 찰$.$메근동질유전자 계통인 화청찰벼와 와청벼를 공시하여 공급부위(잎)와 수용부위(영화)의 조절이 등숙에 미치는 영향을 구명함으로써 찰벼의 수량증대를 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 수행하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 이삭당 총립중과 편균립중의 감소경향은 두 품종 모두 차엽처리구 ＜ 지엽처리구 ＜ 상위 1, 3엽처리구 ＜ 상위 1,2엽처리구 ＜ 상위 1, 2, 3엽처리구 순이었다. 상위 1, 2, 3엽 제거에 의한 총립중과 평균립중의 감소율은 화청찰벼에 비하여 화청벼에서 컸다. 2. 화청벼와 화청찰벼 모두 전엽처리에 의한 고밀도립비율과 등숙율이 2차지경보다 1차지경에서 높았다. 3. 화청벼와 화청찰벼 모두 영화의 절제처리에 의하여 이삭당 총립수와 총립중이 대조구에 비하여 감소한 반면 평균입중과 등숙율은 증가되었다. 대조구와 비교한 평균입중의 증가율은 1, 2차지경립 및 상$.$하위지경립의 절제구 모두에서 화청찰벼가 화청벼보다 높았다. 4. 영화의 조절의 의하여 두 품종 모두 고밀도립비율과 등숙립비율이 증가되었으며 고밀도립비율은 화청찰벼가 화청벼에 비하여 높았던 반면에, 등숙립비율은 화청벼에서 높은 결과를 보였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.813-824
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• 1997

This study was designed to investigate the effect of dietary calcium and phosphate levels on calcium and bone metabolism in rats. The rats were divided into six groups and each of the groups was fed diets with different Ca/P ratios. The experimental periods were 5 weeks . There was no significant different difference in dietary intake, body weight gain, and organ weight among the groups with different calcium and phosphate intake levels. Fecal calcium excretion was not significantly different among the groups, but urinary calcium excretion was increased by the increase in Ca/P ratio. Fecal phosphate excretion was not different but urinary phosphate excretion was increased by the increase in dietary phosphate intake. There was no significant difference in serum alkaline phophatase activity and urinary hydroxyproline levels were not significantly different among the groups. The low calcium-high phosphate(0.25Ca-1.2% P) group showed the lowest total calcium content in femur and scapula. This may be due to it having the lowest Ca/P ratio among groups. The low calcium-high phosphate(0.2%Ca-1.2%P) group showed that mandible is almost lost and osteolyzed Harversian canal was expanded in femur. Results suggest that phosphate intake affects calcium and bone metabolism more with inadequate calcium nutrition that with adequate calcium intake. Thus , for normal bone growth and metabolism , adequate calcium intake and/or high Ca/P ratio are important.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.369-373
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• 1995

A study was conducted to determine the effects of varying palm oil levels (0 to 8%) in the diets on the performance of broilers under the warm humid tropical environment. Increasing palm oil levels resulted in corresponding rise in the dietary energy concentrations, and broilers fed on higher energy diets improved feed and energy consumption, daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Total carcass fat content was found to increase at higher levels of palm oil inclusions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.623-633
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• 2020

Objective: Substituting starch with digestible fiber (dF) can improve digestive health of rabbits and reduce costs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a criterion for dF and starch supply. Effects of the dietary dF-to-starch ratio on pellet quality, growth and cecal microbiota of Angora rabbits were evaluated. Methods: Five isoenergetic and isoproteic diets with increasing dF/starch ratios (0.59, 0.66, 0.71, 1.05, and 1.44) were formulated. A total of 120 Angora rabbits with an average live weight of 2.19 kg were randomly divided into five groups with four replicates. At the end of 40 day feeding trial, cecal digesta were collected to analyse microbiota. Results: The results showed that the dF/starch ratio had linear effects on pellet variables (p<0.01). When the dF/starch ratio was 1.44, the pellets had the lowest powder and highest durability. The dF/starch ratio had unfavorable linear effects on growth variables (p<0.001). When analyzed by quadratic regression, the optimal dF/starch ratios for average weight gain and feed/gain were 0.59 and 0.74, respectively. There were differences in wool yield, fiber length and fiber diameter caused by the dF/starch ratio (p<0.05), and the dF/starch ratios that ranged from 0.66 to 1.06 were appropriate for good results. The cecal microbiota operational taxonomic unit (OTU) number index in the 1.05 dF/starch treatment was higher than that in the 0.66 and 0.71 dF/starch treatments. The higher dF/starch ratio resulted in a higher cecal microbiota OTU number index (p<0.05). The proportion of Ruminococcus in the 0.71 dF/starch treatment was higher than that in the 0.59 dF/starch treatment (p<0.05) Conclusion: The most suitable dF/starch ratio for feed pellet quality is 1.44, and for rabbit growth the optimal range of ratios is from 0.59 to 0.74. With combination of the wool growth, output cost, and cecal microbiota, we suggest that a dietary dF/starch ratio ranging from 0.74 to 1.06 is optimal.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.1241-1245
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• 2004

Two separate trials were conducted to determine effects of dietary level of whole flaxseed (WFS; 0, 10 and 15%) on feed intake, weight gain, and carcass yield and quality of Korean Hanwoo cattle. The daily gains of bulls (Trial 1) were not different among treatment groups, but those of cows (Trial 2) fed WFS 15% were higher (p<0.01) than others. Feed intake of both bulls and cows tended to decrease as dietary level of WFS increased. However, feed conversion ratio (feed/gain) of bulls tended to be improved by dietary inclusion of WFS and was significantly improved (p<0.01) in cows by increasing level of WFS. Neither carcass weight nor dressing percentage were affected by WFS level. Back fat thickness of bulls was decreased (p<0.01) by dietary inclusion of WFS and the same trend was observed in cows without statistical significance. Loin-eye area of bulls was not different among treatment groups but was significantly higher (p<0.01) in cows fed WFS. Carcass yield and quality were not improved by WFS addition. The results indicate that WFS is an acceptable fat source in diets of finishing beef cattle to increase energy density without any adverse effects.