• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.107-119
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• 1993

The objective of this study is to analyze the static and dynamic characteristics of automotive rubber components by computer simulation. Bush / rectangular type engine mounts and wind shield weather strip are analyzed by using the commercial code ABAQUS and the results are verified by experiments. Large deformation static response is analyzed in order to get the information about the deformation pattern and static stiffness of engine mounts, and about the seperation force of wind shield weather strip from body. The isothermal steady-state dynamic response of components which have been subjected to an initial static pre-load is analyzed for the dynamic stiffness of engine mount rubber components. There are good agreements between simulation and experiments. So it is possible to apply the computer simulation to the design of automotive rubber components.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.389-398
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• 1985

Recently maximum power demand of our country has become to be under the great in fluence of electric cooling and air conditioning demand which are sensitive to weather conditions. This paper presents the technique and algorithm to forecast the long-term maximum power demand considering the characteristics of electric power and weather variable. By introducing a weather load model for forecasting long-term maximum power demand with the recent statistic data of power demand, annual maximum power demand is separated into two parts such as the base load component, affected little by weather, and the weather sensitive load component by means of multi-regression analysis method. And we derive the growth trend regression equations of above two components and their individual coefficients, the maximum power demand of each forecasting year can be forecasted with the sum of above two components. In this case we use the coincident dry bulb temperature as the weather variable at the occurence of one-day maximum power demand. As the growth trend regression equation we choose an exponential trend curve for the base load component, and real quadratic curve for the weather sensitive load component. The validity of the forecasting technique and algorithm proposed in this paper is proved by the case study for the present Korean power system.

• 전기의세계
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.368-374
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• 1982

This paper describes a combined algorithm for short-term-load forecating. One of the specific features of this algorithm is that the base, weather sensitive and residual components are predicted respectively. The base load is represented by the exponential smoothing approach and residual load is represented by the Box-Jenkins methodology. The weather sensitive load models are developed according to the information of temperature and discomfort index. This method was applied to Korea Electric Company and results for test periods up to three years are given.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.26 no.2 s.52
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• pp.85-92
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between weather factors during the growing season and chemical components of burley tobacco. Chemical components used in this study was from 'Farm Leaf Tobacco Test' conducted at KT&G Central Research Institute from 1987 through 2002. Data of weather factors during growing season(April to July) were collected in 6 districts measured at Korea Meteorological Adminstration(KMA). Total nitrogen content was increased from 1987 through 2002. Year to year variation of rainfall was the largest, followed by that of sunshine hour. Month to month variation of rainfall also was the largest, followed by that of mean daily air temperature. A negative correlation was found between rainfall and sunshine hour. Relative humidity(R.H.) was correlated positively with rainfall, whereas negatively with sunshine hour. The negative correlations were found between nicotine content and rainfall(in June, May$\~$June, June$\~$July, May$\~$July and average), and R.H.(in June, May$\~$June, June$\~$July, May$\~$July and average), respectively. The negative correlations were found between crude ash content and rainfall(in June and May$\~$June), and R.H.(in June, May$\~$June, June$\~$July and May$\~$July), respectively. Ether extraction content was correlated positively with mean daily air temperature(in July, June $\~$July and May$\~$July) and with sunshine hour(in July, June$\~$July and May$\~$July), but negatively with rainfall(average) and with R.H.(in April, July, June$\~$July, April$\~$June, May­July and average), respectively. Chloride content was correlated positively with sunshine hour(in May, April$\~$May, May$\~$June, April$\~$June, May$\~$July and average), but negatively with rainfall(in June, May$\~$June, June$\~$July, April$\~$June, May$\~$July and average).

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.98-118
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• 2014

An auto weather-vaning system for a Dynamic Positioning (DP) vessel is proposed. When a DP vessel is operating, its position keeping is hindered by ocean environmental disturbances which include the ocean current, wave and wind. Generally, most ocean vessels have a longitudinal length that is larger than the transverse width. The largest load acts on the DP vessel by ocean disturbances, when the disturbances are incoming in the transverse direction. Weather-vaning is the concept of making the heading angle of the DP vessel head toward (or sway from) the disturbance direction. This enables the DP vessel to not only perform marine operations stably and safely, but also to maintain its position with minimum control forces (surge & sway components). To implement auto weather-vaning, a nonlinear controller and a disturbance observer are used. The disturbance observer transforms a real plant to the nominal model without disturbance to enhance the control performance. And the nonlinear controller deals with the kinematic nonlinearity. The auto weather-vaning system is completed by adding a weather-vaning algorithm to disturbance based controller. Numerical simulations of a semi-submersible type vessel were performed for the validation. The results show that the proposed method enables a DP vessel to maintain its position with minimum control force.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.314-327
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• 2009

Weather launch criteria of launch at Oenarodo Space Center is important for the successful launch operation. In particular, most of the launch failure occurs during the period of separation from the launch pad, thus meteorological condition is critical at this phase. In earlier days, the weather launch criteria adopted wind and forecast data for the launch operation. Nevertheless, the control of position and stability require other meteorological components such as vertical wind shear, lightning, temperature and visibility, because the launch vehicle is moving mostly vertically. We analyze these meteorological components by using the observed data at KMA at neighboring Oenarodo to determine the weather launch criteria. These criteria need further refinements through long-term observation.

• Plant Resources
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.54-59
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the relationships between yearly variations of weather elements and productivity in rice. In addition, coefficients of correlation among yield and yield components were used to find out the relationships between weather elements and productivity. Coefficients of variance (C.V.) of air temperature mean was considerable with 25％, but the variation by duration of sunshine was small in May. Culm length and number of spikes were great with c.v. of 21.5, 16.4％, respectively. Coefficients of correlation between temperatures of cultivation in May and yield were positive correlations. Coefficients of correlation between precipitation and sunshine of cultivation period from Oct. to May and yield were negative correlations. Coefficients of correlation amount the culm length, number of spikes, 1,000 grains wt. of seed, and yield were positively significant at the level of 1 ％, respectively.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.271-280
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of acidity in the precipitation and weather patterns that were influenced it at Kimhae area from March, 1992 to June, 1994. The range of pH value in the precipitation at Kimhae is 3.45 to 6.80 and the average is pH 4.62, and the major anion components associated with acidity in the precipitation are $Cl^-, SO_4^{-2}, NO_3^-$. These distributions are to be expected the influence of industrialization such as, urbanization and construction of industrial complex at Kimhae area and the long range trasporting of air pollutants from China. The weather patterns governing the acid rain at Kimhae were classified broadly into four types(Cyclone(type I-a, type I-b), Migratory Anticyclone(type II), Tropical Cyclone(type III), Siberia High(type IV) and weather pattern which had the most occurrence frequency of acid rain was type I-a and the average pH value of precipitation in this pattern was 4.45, and we are found that the source area of air mass which was accompanied with high acidic precipitation in Kimhae was the central China include with Peking through the analysis of surface weather maps, 850 hPa wind fields, and the streamline analyses.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.177-189
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• 2010

These studies were conducted to analysis for weather reaction on the growth and yield component according to meterological elements used Vector Autoregressive Regression(VAR) Model at Daejeon, Hongseong, Geumsan, Nonsan, and Yesan to core of center to Chungnam area in Rice. Reaction of cultivars according to change of meterological elements for growth and yield component effected on heading time in Gancheokbyeo and Mananbyeo, grain number of a spike in Gancheokbyeo, ratio of ripeness in Gancheokbyeo and Geumobyeo 1, amount of milled rice in Geurubyeo and Ansanbyeo, and 1,000 grains weight in Gancheokbyeo, Dasanbyeo, and Hwajinbyeo. An effect on the growth and yield components of meterological elements were influenced by heading date, 1,000 grain weight and ratio of repening as sunshine hours. The cultivars in sensitive reaction for change of weather condition were classified to 14 varieties including Gerubyeo et al., insensitive cultivars were classified to 66 varieties including Gyehwabyeo et. al.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.245-254
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• 2022

Sensor dataset for autonomous driving is one of the essential components as the deep learning approaches are widely used. However, most driving datasets are focused on typical environments such as sunny or cloudy. In addition, most datasets deal with color images and lidar. In this paper, we propose a driving dataset with multi-spectral images and lidar in adverse weather conditions such as snowy, rainy, smoky, and dusty. The proposed data acquisition system has 4 types of cameras (color, near-infrared, shortwave, thermal), 1 lidar, 2 radars, and a navigation sensor. Our dataset is the first dataset that handles multi-spectral cameras in adverse weather conditions. The Proposed dataset is annotated as 2D semantic labels, 3D semantic labels, and 2D/3D bounding boxes. Many tasks are available on our dataset, for example, object detection and driveable region detection. We also present some experimental results on the adverse weather dataset.