• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.13-24
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• 2022

Purpose: Although numerous research has covered content on trends in the adoption and use of wearable devices, their uses across several sectors such as healthcare, gaming, and fashion, there seems to be a considerable paucity with regard to empirical research focusing on the solutions for factors that undermine the effectiveness of wearable devices in healthcare. The present research aims to highlight what has been covered on wearable devices in healthcare while highlighting the limitations for future research. Research design, data, and methodology -The present authors conducted one of the most famous qualitative literature approach which has been called as PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) statement. The selecting criteria for eligible prior studies was estimated by whether studies are suitable for the current research, identifying they are peer-reviewed and issued by notable publishers between 2017 and 2022. Result - Our results indicated that (1) Increasing the Affordability and User Education on Wearable Devices in Healthcare (2) Tackling the Technological Issues in Wearable Devices to Promote Healthcare Delivery (3) Solving Security and Privacy Issues Associated with Wearable Devices (4) Promoting Standards and Appropriate Regulations for Wearable Devices. Conclusion - To add, resolving the technological issues associated with wearable devices in healthcare will ensure that the new devices in the market will have longer battery life, multiple functions, and enhanced accuracy, thus ensuring that patients receive better care. Necessary interventions are taken on time to avoid any deleterious consequences such as proliferating mortality rates among the different patient groups.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.117-124
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• 2018

Wearable devices have become widespread. Fitness band is one of common wearable devices, providing useful functions. It helps users to monitor and collect their status such as heart rate and travel distance. Wearable devices, including fitness bands, are designed in small size and it ends up having small battery capacity. In that regard, it is necessary to expand the lifetime of wearable devices. Conventional power management scheme of wearable devices is based on DVFS Ondemand Governor and peripheral control by timeout event, such as turning off the LCD. In this paper, we propose a hybrid governor applying hardware supporting low power mode such as sleep mode to exploit the periodicity of fitness band task. In addition, we show hybrid governor outperforms in power consumption than conventional power management scheme of wearable devices based on Ondemand Governor through experiments.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.310-314
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• 2023

In this paper, we show that the limitations of Holter monitoring and Wearable Electrocardiogarphy Devices and their arrhythmia detection. Sudden death caused by cardiovascular disease, often referred to as the "silent killer" due to its unpredictable nature, is a major health concern. Electrocardiography (ECG) is a basic diagnostic tool for detecting heart disease, but its limitations make it difficult to detect arrhythmia, a significant indicator of an irregular heart state. To address this limitation, a long-term continuous ECG recording device has been developed, Holter ECG device and wearable device. A significant number of studies have focused on the differences between Holter monitoring and wearable devices. The Holter tests were useful for detecting regularly occurring arrhythmias, whereas wearable patches were better at detecting random and infrequent arrhythmias. Wearable patches were effective in detecting episodes of arrhythmia and myocardial ischemia. Despite the concern, wearable devices had less signal loss than Holter monitoring and patients also preferred wearable devices over Holter monitoring due to convenience. These results could mean that the wearable devices can perfectly replace the Holter test.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.11-18
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• 2016

Today, wearable technology products are used in a wide range of consumer, healthcare, bio-medical, and industrial applications. The market for wearable technology products is expected to increase dramatically over the next several years. In addition, concerns for safety, performance and reliability of wearable products keep increasing and will be essential for widespread acceptance in the marketplace. Wearable smart devices, which are generally in contact with the human body and skin, are exposed to the risk of the electric shock, burn, and explosion. Therefore, the standardization of wearable devices in terms of human safety and reliability should be very important. Furthermore, the development of test method and test certification of the wearable products will be one of the key technology for mass production. Such standardization and certification will help consumers to choose the safest and best quality wearable devices and allow manufacturers to prove the safety and quality of their products, thereby helping them to gain a competitive technology. This paper discusses the current status of the wearable smart devices as well as the standardization and test certification applicable to wearable technology products.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2022

Wearable devices have the potential to revolutionize future medical diagnostics and personal healthcare. The integration of biosensors into scalable form factors allow continuous and noninvasive monitoring of key biomarkers and various physiological indicators. However, conventional wearable devices have critical limitations owing to their rigid and obtrusive interfaces. Recent developments in functional biocompatible materials, micro/nanofabrication methods, multimodal sensor mechanisms, and device integration technologies have provided the foundation for novel skin-interfaced bioelectronics for advanced and user-friendly wearable devices. Nonetheless, it is a great challenge to satisfy a wide range of design parameters in fabricating an authentic skin-interfaced device while maintaining its edge over conventional devices. This review highlights recent advances in skin-compatible materials, biosensor performance, and energy-harvesting methods that shed light on the future of wearable devices for digital health and personalized medicine.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.655-666
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• 2021

This study aims to classify wearable devices for infants and children according to their function, and to analyze the types and attachment methods of the devices by function, operating system, characteristics of materials, and types of batteries, and to identify the points for improvement. Forty-eight types of devices investigated through previous studies and keyword research online were analyzed. Wearable devices for infants and children were classified according to their functions into wearable monitors, wearable thermometers, GPS trackers, and smart watches. Devices had different shapes and attachment methods according to their functions, and were mainly clothes or accessory types. The accessory type devices were attached to the body using velcro, clips, bands, or adhesives. Wearable monitors and thermometers mainly used Bluetooth to transmit data wirelessly, and location trackers used various combinations of 4G(LTE), 5G networks, GPS, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth. Smartwatches had different functions depending on whether smart phones were linked to them or not. Wearable monitors and thermometers mainly used by infants provided material information, but other devices did not. These devices used rechargeable, replaceable, non-rechargeable or non-replaceable batteries. Wearable devices need to be improved to reduce the discomfort experienced by infants and children due to the attachment position, malfunction, skin trouble caused by materials, short time of use of batteries, version conflict and complexity with the device when linking with a smart phone, and non-operation when using Bluetooth.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.3356-3374
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• 2018

The healthcare and fitness wearable-device market is considered as the driving force of the entire wearable device market. However, there are concerns with respect to information privacy because wearable devices constantly collect sensitive data such as individuals' health information. Thus, there is a need for a comprehensive understanding from the perspective of information privacy concerns and related behavior. This study investigates factors considered in the privacy calculus of wearable fitness devices, and verifies differences obtained by the privacy calculus process according to the frequency of exercise. The results obtained from a survey of 248 undergraduate students in Korea revealed that service providers should consider users' interests and exercise characteristics in order to mitigate their privacy concerns and encourage continuous use of wearable devices. This study provides useful insights pertaining to users of wearable fitness devices, and targets researchers and practitioners.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.29-38
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• 2022

Purpose - The present research aims to assess the meaningful association between the extension of sports leisure culture and the spread of wearable devices. The research will discuss the current utilization of wearable devices in sports leisure and the present and future application of wearable devices in sports perspectives. Research design, Data, and methodology - We have investigated and conducted the qualitative content analysis (QCA) to obtain the adequate textual dataset in the current literature and conducted an in-depth analysis of the incorporation of cloud computing in the leisure sports industry by focusing on the development of wearable technologies. Result - From the QCA, it is evident that there is a meaningful connection between the extension of sports leisure culture and the spread of wearable devices, figuring out four kinds of associations as follows: (1) Monitoring the Impact of Sporting Activities, (2) Benefits of Sensor Technology, (3) Reducing Sedentary Behaviors, and (4) Measuring Workload done in Sport Leisure. Conclusion - The present research concludes that wearable devices positively influence individuals to participate in sports and leisure activities. Various technologies are very effective in motivating individuals to adopt sports leisure culture mainly because there is a certain degree of satisfaction that individuals gain in seeing the level of physical activities.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.123-134
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• 2016

As the internet of things has come into the spotlight, wearable devices have been emerging as a new and growing market and the next hot thing in the world. However, wearable device growth in the market has not met expectations. For continued growth and diffusion of wearable devices, it is important to investigate user resistance factors to them. This study gives attention to people who have resistance to wearable devices' tendency towards innovative uses. Specifically, this study is intended to find out which factors influence consumers' resistance and intention to use wrist-worn wearable devices, which are in high demand among wearable device. Results of the study show that the relative advantage, innovation expectation, complexity, financial risk and physical risk are the predictors of innovation resistance on wrist-worn wearable devices. And consumers' resistance affects the intention of positive acceptance. These findings confirm the importance of consumer resistance to the wrist-worn wearable device.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.3423-3438
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• 2014

In recent years, wearable sensor devices are reshaping the way people live, work, and play. A wearable sensor device is a computer that is subsumed into the personal space of the user, and is always on, and always accessible. Therefore, among the most salient aspects of a wearable sensor device should be a small form factor, long battery lifetime, and real-time characteristics. Thereby, sophisticated applications of a wearable sensor device use real-time operating systems to guarantee real-time deadlines. The deterministic multi-dimensional task scheduling algorithms are implemented on ARC (Actual Remote Control) with relatively limited hardware resources. ARC is a wearable wristwatch-type remote controller; it can also serve as a universal remote control, for various wearable sensor devices. In the proposed algorithms, there is no limit on the maximum number of task priorities, and the memory requirement can be dramatically reduced. Furthermore, regardless of the number of tasks, the complexity of the time and space of the proposed algorithms is O(1). A valuable contribution of this work is to guarantee real-time deadlines for wearable sensor devices.