• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.95-110
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• 2001

The purpose of this research is to analyze how appropriately the sizing of domestically produced children's wear compares to children's sizes; it is based on an anthropometric survey conducted in 1998. By discovering and understanding discrepancies between the sizing system of children s wear and the real size of children, this study aims to suggest solutions that will lead to increased comfort and more suitable fitting in children's clothes. This research analyzes and compares 'the extent of growth between age groups' with 'the difference in sizing system in use by manufacturers'. The study focused on aged 4 to 12 children, who are usually divided in two groups; primary students and toddlers. In total, seven sizes were selected: bust, waist, and hip (which are girth sizes), and height, back neck to waist (top length), sleeve length, and waist to ankle (slacks length) as representing length. The results of this research are analyzed by basing on the actual increments between the sizes of children's wear in certain basic items rather than sizes themselves because each size quite differed according to companies, items and designs. Significantly, the increase in the sizing was not as great as the average biennial growth rate of children. The consequences are poorer fit and unsuitable representative value for each age group because the actual sizes of children increasingly differ from the sample size. Observing the increments in several sizes, we found that 81.8% of the companies used the certain and equal increases for grading sizes in sleeve length, waist, and bust. In addition, 72.7% of the companies adopted the same increments between sizes in height and hip girth, and 63.6% also chose equal increments in T-shirt length for making smaller or bigger sizes from the sample size. However, sleeve length and pant length were the components that displayed the most varied sizing. Interestingly, the few companies that used different increments between size groups, adopted the change only between one or two size groups, instead of all sizes. In conclusion, this research reveals the unsuitability of the current sizing system and the necessity to increase consumer confidence in the size tags on children's wear by modifying the system to reflect the actual growth of children. The results can also contribute to future study on the development of a new and more accurate sizing system for children's wear.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.217-223
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• 1999

In this study, the effects of the content of $ZrO_{2}$ in $Si_{3}N_{4}$ on mechanical and wear properties were investigated. $Si_{3}N_{4}$ based composites containing 0~40 wt% $ZrO_{2}$ powders were fabricated using hot isostatic pressing (HIP), at $1750^{\circ}C$, 172 MPa for 1 hour in $N_{2}$ gas. Mechanical properties and wear properties of composites were examined. Mechanical properties (hardness, strength, and fracture toughness) of $Si_{3}N_{4}-ZrO_{2}$ composite were decreased with increasing the amount of $ZrO_{2}$, but relative density of composites were increased. Further, the increase in amount of $ZrO_{2}$, reduced wear rates in air. It was found that wear behaviors in air were related to microcracking.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.77-81
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of multi-functional fabric on EEG and growth hormone (GH) during sleep and quality of sleep with the 9 young female athletes. The subjects participated in separated experimental procedure; sleeping in multi-functional fabric wear (experimental group) and cotton wear (control group) for 450min. During the night (22:00-05:30), we recorded the changes of nocturnal polysomnographic sleep recording and GH were measured every 60min. The results show that there are significant differences in percentage of stage 1, 2 and slow wave sleep (SWS) between two groups(S1, p<.05; S2, SWS, p<.01). The SWS percentage of experimental group is 1.89 times higher than control group. The changes of GH secretion varied depending on two experimental procedures. The peak of GH secretion in experimental group is more than controls by 2.4time (p<.001). The quality of sleep in experimetal group is significantly higher than control (p<.01). These results suggest muti-functional fabric wear is effective in inducing the deep sleep and increasing GH and quality of sleep.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2015

PURPOSE: This study examined the effect of the combined exercise program on physical fitness and related hormone in elderly women. METHODS: The subjects included 40 elderly women who reside at B city. Upon thire agreements, the subjects were divided into either an experimental group and the control group. there 20 subjects in each. The combined exercise program was conducted during the 8 weeks, and the experimental group was underwent its associated program 5 times a week. there wear 2 subjects from each group that were excluded. The physical fitness wear measured and the related hormone(growth hormone, DHEA) were taken with blood serum density. RESULTS: After 8 weeks for intervention, there were statistically significant differences between in physical fitness and growth hormone, DHEA in experimental group(p<.05). however, this difference was not significantly different in the control group. Futher, there wear statistically significant difference between two group of all item(p<.05). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study show that combined exercise program helps the physical fitness and increase of growth hormone, DHEA in elderly women. In conclusion, the regular combined exercise program for 8 weeks is effective for increase physical fitness and related hormone in elderly women, and positive influence upon, thereby being thought to be able to lower risk in aging and weakness.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.313-320
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• 2019

A typical wear pattern was reported to resemble the fatigue crack growth behavior considering its mechanism, especially for amorphous rubbers such as styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). In this study, the wear and crack growth rates were correlated using two separate experiments for carbon black and silica-reinforced selected rubber compounds. The wear rate was determined using a blade-type abrasion tester, where the frictional energy input during wearing was measured. The crack propagation rate was determined under different tearing energy inputs using a home-made fatigue tester, with a pure-shear test specimen containing pre-cracks. The rates of abrasion and crack propagation were plotted on a log-log scale as a function of frictional and tearing energies, respectively. Reasonable agreement was observed, indicating that the major mechanism of the abrasion pattern involved repeated crack propagation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.478-483
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• 2011

Cast mold has low wear-resistance comparing with other alloyed molds which result in lower production rate and high cost of products. Recently, various weld methods are being applied to increase the wear-resistance of molds and to extend mold life. Among them, nickel alloy weld process increases the hardness irrelevant to its machinability and creates very uniform structures. In addition, it causes better wear-resistance and reduces shrinkage defects. In this paper, we analyze the mold surface cracks welded by nickel alloy and propose the methods to improve the mold surface and its wear-resistance. It has been found that nickel alloy weld does not affect the inside crack of mold but has an influence on the surface crack seriously. Results show that the start and growth of fatigue cracks have been delayed about 3 times and reduced approximately 75%, respectively, and the mold surface cracks are decreased about 5.7 times.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.193-200
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• 2000

Si$_3$N$_4$powder with 2 wt% $Al_2$O$_3$and 6 wt% $Y_2$O$_3$additives was sintered by the gas pressure sintering (GPS) technique. The unlubricated wear behavior depending on sintering conditions such as sintering temperature, pressure, and sintering time was investigated. When the sintering temperature and time increased, the larger elongated grains were formed and the microstructural heterogeneity increased. When sintering pressure increased, grain growth, however, was impeded. Also, the wear properties depended on microstructure and friction coefficient were related to grain size. Based on the experimental results, the wear properties were associated with initial friction coefficients as well as mechanical properties including fracture toughness and flexural strength.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.89-98
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to female child Han-bok reform design for body growth. Nowadays there is common the western style daily life and special day instead of traditional style Han-bok in Korea. So the decrease in the use of Han-bok have being appeared. Specially, Children's Han-bok undesirable clothes for economic, environment, and resources because of their rapid growth and changing trend. Therefor, they do away with used Han-bok without next buying of school age. Children's parents and children are decision together purchase of children's Han-bok on-line for pleasure and economic reasons on pre-school or 1st year student for their tradition-education class. After 2000year, children's Han-bok pup-up on e-market because of the fashion focus on tradition and Korean wave for parody of Korean drama. Flowing the Research of 2010 Size Korea, the elementary school age child height growth 6cm per year, the sleeve length are 3cm growth. But Chi-ma(a pice of Han-bok) from e-market, has only 5cm margin on shoulder and no margin on Jegori(a pice of Han-bok) shoulder and sleeve, reason of that the children can't wear next year. Therefor this study is development female child Han-bok reform design for body growth, for extend to wear Han-bok on school age children and flow tradition custom of Cho-sun Dynasty's clothing custom for boost tradition conscious and reduce of cloth waste for environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.37
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• pp.133-148
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• 1998

This study presents the aspects and changing process of the habiliment from the National Liberation up to now by analyzing the articles of costume found in$\ulcorner$Maeil Shinmun$\lrcorner$from Jan. 1. 1946 to Dec. 31. 1996. In the period of 1946~1959, the political and economic conditions through the National Liberation and Korean war deteriorated and the interest in costumes were weakened. But the economic recovery and social stability in the middle of the 50's made the lost interest in costumes increase. From 1960 to 1969, the high economic growth was achieved by“Five year plans for Economic Development”and the progress of mass media, transportation, communication and education brought western culture to our society. It spread rapidly and changed the way of life and the sence of value. These phenomenon led to a great transition on the Korean costume culture in the 60's In 1970~1979, the articless of costume made a change from the 60's, which focused on women's wear, and tuned to one including general costumes not only women's wear but also men's wear due to the women's social roles, the unisexmode and diverse costume. In 1980~1989, the growth of the consumption, the banning of the school uniform, Asian Games(1986) and Olympic games(1988) caused the high qualification, personalization and diversification in the fashion industry. Further more, the traditional-oriented trend with korean culture was emphasized. It pursued the modernization of the traditional Korean Costume, Hanbok, to introduce the unique Korean Beauty. From 1990 to 1996, in the era of international-ization and open door policy, the competition of nations became intense and the comprehention about environmental destruction highlingted the concerns on ecology. The recognition of environmental protection and recycling were reflected in the fashion. It prevailed that the pursuit of personalization,. diverse style, practicality and the fashion leader called generation appeared.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1404-1411
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• 1993

This study was undertaken to investigate the corrosive wear charateristics upon various transformation condition of austempered low-alloy ductile cast iron in corrosive environments against mating specimen made of the hardened SM45C. The corrosive wear test was carried out by rubbing the annular surface of two test pieces in distilled water and aqueous solution at constant sliding speed of 0.5m/s. In severe wear region, the corrosive wear rate Wc increased hastily with NaCl concentration owing to intermetallic adhesion but Wc went down slowly in mild wear region due to lubricating effect of the corrosion product. The critical sliding distance decreased with increasing NaCl concentration due to increased generation rate of the corrosion product and the specific corrosive wear rate has maximum in 1% NaCl aqueous solution at mild wear region. With the variation of matrix, the corrosive wear resistance of the fine acicular bainite was higher than that of coarse upper bainite because of reducing the local cell reaction by carbides. A growth in volume fraction of retained austenite in matrix increased the Wc due to soften surface, but has a declining tendency of Wc in mild wear region.