• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.219-222
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• 2005

찰흑미(상해항혈나)에서 열수가용성 물질과 열수불용성 물질을 분리하여 그 전분의 겔 크로마토그래피 용출양상을 조사하였다. 열수가용성 물질은 찰흑미 전분이 16.6%,신선찰벼 전분이 13.4%였으며, 열수가용성 물질의 Sepharose CL-2B에 의한 용출양상은 두 시료 모두 void volume 부근에서 대부분 용출되었고, 열수가용성 물질에 대한 요오드복합체의 최대흡수파장은 신선찰벼 전분과 찰흑미 전분이 각각 522 nm와 520 nm로 생 전분에서의 요오드반응과 비교하여 약간의 이동이 있었다. 열수불용성 물질의 Sepharose CL-2B에 의한 용출양상은 열수가용성 물질의 용출양상과 서로 비슷하였으며 요오드복합체와의 최대흡수파장은 열수가용성 물질보다 낮았다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 1984

멥쌀 및 찹쌀 전분을 상압과 가압가열 및 알칼리 호화한 회석전분 호화액에 대해 유동특성을 검토하였다. 전분농도 $0.2{\sim}1.0%$의 저농도의 호화전분액은 지수법칙 유체의 유동거동을 나타내었으며 아밀로오스 함량에 따라 크게 좌우되어 아밀로오스 함량이 많은 멥쌀은 점성이 낮고 뉴우톤 유체의 경향을 나타내었으며 농도에 대한 영향이 작았다. 찹쌀 전분은 농도가 증가함에 따라 의가소성 성질이 강해졌으며 농도에 따라 급격히 점도가 증가하였다. 가압호화시킨 경우 찹쌀 전분 호화액의 점조도 지수 및 유동 거동 지수는 상압 호화액에 비하여 거의 변화가 없었으나 멥쌀 전분 호화액의 점조도 지수값은 현저히 증가하는 현상을 보였다. 가압 가열호화 및 알칼리 호화 용액은 상압 가열호화에 비해 훨씬 높은 점성을 보였다. 가열 호화 및 알칼리호화액의 겉보기 점도에 대한 온도의 영향을 검토해 본 결과 아레니우스식의 형태에 따름을 알 수 있었다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.457-465
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• 2016

Effects of soaking time on the physicochemical and structural characteristics of waxy rice flours and starches purified from flours using the alkaline steeping method were investigated. Korean cultivar Sinseonchal waxy rice was washed and soaked in tap water (1:2 w/w) and stored at room temperature for 15 days. On each day of soaking for 0, 1,2 3, 5, 10, and 15 days, pH of soaking water was measured and rice grains were dried, ground, and passed through 100 mesh sieve. The pH was reduced to 3.90 by day 5 and increased to 4.60 by day 15. The protein and ash contents, swelling powers and solubilities of flours and starches decreased with increasing soaking time. The water-binding capacities increased while trends were not similar to soaking time. The flour particle size distribution ranged from two to four peaks with increasing soaking times. Starch granule size decreased with increasing soaking time. The peak, trough, and final viscosities of flours and starches showed similar trends until 10 days and 15 days, respectively. The starches presented higher viscosities than the flours. The branch chain length distributions of amylopectin of starches showed an increaseed DP6~12 portion and decreased DP13~24 portion with increasing soaking time of waxy rice grains.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.612-618
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• 1999

아마란스의 가공적성을 살피고 이용을 확대하기 위하여 아마란스 종실의 주성분인 전분을 분리하여 그 특성을 찹쌀전분과 찰옥수수전분과 비교하였으며 호화 및 노화 특성을 조사하였다. 아마란스 전분의 입자 크기는 $1.1{\sim}1.9\;{\mu}m$로 찹쌀전분입자보다 더 작았으며 겉보기 아밀로오스 함량은 찹쌀, 찰옥수수 및 아마란스 전분이 각각 0.01, 0.03, 0.07%로 모두 아밀로펙틴으로 구성되었다. 아마란스 전분의 팽윤력과 용해도는 찹쌀전분보다 낮았고 찰옥수수 전분보다는 높았으며 $70^{\circ}C$ 이후에 급격히 증가하는 양상을 나타냈다. 아마란스 전분의 X-선 회절도에 의한 결정형은 다른 곡류와 같이 A형이었으며 결정성도 큰 차이가 없었다. 비스코그래프로 조사한 아마란스 전분의 호화개시온도는 $75.1^{\circ}C$로 다른 전분에 비해 높았으며 피크점도는 찹쌀과 찰옥수수 전분보다 낮았다. 냉각점도는 찹쌀과 유사하였으나 breakdown이 특히 낮았다. 시차주사 열량계에 의한 찹쌀, 찰옥수수, 아마란스 전분의 호화 개시온도$(T_0)$는 각각 $58.7{\sim}64.0$, 67.2, $71.5^{\circ}C$이였으며, 호화 엔탈피는 찹쌀전분이 낮았고 아마란스와 찰옥수수 전분이 비슷하였다. $4^{\circ}C$에서 3일 저장하면 $43.0{\sim}49.9^{\circ}C$에서 용융이 시작되고 이때 용융 엔탈피는 아마란스 전분이 가장 높았다. 아마란스 전분은 호화가 매우 높은 온도에서 시작되었고 호화시 점도 상승이 급격하지 않았으며 기계적 전단에 대한 저항성이 다른 찰전분보다 커서 안정한 점도를 유지하는 특성이 있었다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.236-246
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• 2006

The different rheological properties of wheat flour and waxy black rice flour dough were investigated in dough with 10, 20, 30 and 40% of waxy black rice flour(WBRF). Water absorption and weakness of dough was increased, but stability of dough, high initial pasting temperature, viscosity at peak point and the volume were decreased after 2nd fermentation as the addition of WBRF was increased. In the 10% addition of WBRF, the dough showed similar rheological properties with those of control group.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.650-657
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• 2004

The objective of this study was to seek the best recipe for making Gamdanja. Gamdanja is a kind of rice cake made from persimmon extract and winy flour, with a little salt mixed into the waxy flour. The method involved boiling the persimmon extract and beating in the waxy rice powder until all the waxy flour had been added. The procedure was as follows: Gamdanja containing different ratios of ingredients, such as persimmon extract (23, 23.5 and 24 hrs) and waxy rice flour (160 and 180g). The most desirable recipe was determined after sensory examination and mechanical tests using texture, moisture content and colorimeter measurements. The results of the sensory evaluation showed that Gamdanja made using persimmon extracted for 23.5 hrs, with the additional of 160g of winy flour gave the higher scores for QDA profile, chewiness, delicacy and after swallowing preference than the other ratios. The results of the acceptance test also showed that the Gamdanja made using the persimmon extracted for 23.5 hrs with 160g of waxy rice flour was the best mix in every respect, such as for color and overall acceptability. In the textural analysis of Gamdanja, the hardness, adhesiveness, gumminess and chewiness were increased by the additiong of furtherway lour. The moisture content of Gamdnja with persimmon extracted for 23 hrs was higher an those extracted for 23.5 and 24 hrs. The L-, a- and values of Gamdanja were increased with decreasing waxy flour. The sensory and mechanical examinations showed the overall quality of Gamdanja had positive correlations with delicacy and color, but negative correlations with hardness, adhesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness. As a result of these tests, the most desirable recipe for the Gamdanja was persimmon extracted for 23.5 hrs with the additional of 160g of waxy rice flour, containing $1\%$ salt and a moisture content of $45.87\%$.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.491-496
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• 2017

Paddy rice is typically stored during postharvest until rice grain is processed into brown rice and milled rice by hulling and milling procedure, respectively. Recently, instead of storing paddy rice, storage of brown rice has been in the spotlight because it is more convenient and economically feasible. Different brown rice cultivars with varying amylose contents including waxy rice, medium-waxy rice, and non-glutinous rice were stored in room temperature storage for four months, and the changes in grain qualities of brown rice were evaluated. Amylose content significantly affected pasting properties in which rice cultivar with higher amylose content showed longer pasting time and higher peak viscosity. Storage also affected pasting viscosities, showing an increase in peak viscosity, but a decrease in breakdown viscosity. The changes in pasting viscosity during storage could be an important starch property for aged brown rice utilization. Waxy brown rice showed the weakest aging property in terms of free fatty acids (FFA) accumulation, whereas non-glutinous rice was more substantial grain quality against aging. The FFA values of two months storage were not significantly different from the initial FFA contents, suggesting that brown rice stored in room temperature for two months could be feasible for direct consumption of brown rice.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.155-162
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• 1989

수도 품질다양화를 위한 품종육종에 이용하고자 India 품종 Pokhareli Mashino에서 발견된 저 amlose opaque형질에 대한 배유의 이화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. Opaque 특성을 가진 계통 CB 243은 쌀의 외관적 특성은 찰벼와 같았으나 요드용액에 대한 반응은 자청색으로 메벼와 같았다. 2. Opaque쌀의 전분형태는 찰·메벼와 차이가 없이 다각형입자이었으나 전분입의 크기는 타 품종에 비하여 현저히 작았다. 3. Opaque 쌀 전분입의 결정구조는 A형을 나타냈다. 4. Opaque쌀의 총 단백질함량은 13.06％로서 다른 품종들에 비해 약 50％정도 높았으나 아미노산 조성비율은 차이가 없었다. 5. Opaque쌀의 알카리 붕괴도는 1.7％ KOH 용액에서 1.8정도로 다른 품종에 비해 매우 낮았다. 6. Opaque쌀의 전체 수분흡수량과 흡수속도는 찰과 고 amylose계통에 비하여 적고 늦었으며 메벼 통일과 비슷하였다. 7. Opaque쌀의 amylogram 특성은 호화 개시시간이 36분, 최고점도 980BU,최저점도 500BU, Steback - 260BU, Consistency 200BU로 찰과 메의 중간값을 보였다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2004

Selected microbiological and biochemical characteristics of the steeping process for the production of yukwa, a traditional Korean oil-puffed snack made of waxy rice, were investigated during steeping of waxy rice in water for 15 days. The lengthy steeping process was largely predominated by lactic acid bacteria (LAB), particularly, Lactobacillus and Leuconostoc. The predominat type of bacterium isolated was the Y26 strain tentatively identified as Lactobacillus plantarum. The titratable acidity of the steeping medium increased from 0.01 to 1.13%, in parallel with the decrease in pH ranging from 6.3 to 4.2 as the steeping period increased from 0 to 15 days. A high amount of lactic acid and to a much lesser extent, butyric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, and succinic acid were detected during the steeping process. The amount of reducing sugars in the steeping medium increased from 0.61 to 10.43 mg/mL, whereas sucrose decreased from 0.46 mg% to an undetectable level. Starch degradation products including glucose, maltose and oligosaccharides ranging G3-G7 were not initially noticed, but their content increased during the steeping process until completion. However, no oligosaccharides larger than G8 were detected in the steeping medium. The activities of $\alpha$-amylase, $\beta$-amylase and protease in the steeping medium of waxy rice tended to rise increase with time during the steeping process. From these results, the lengthy steeping process in yukwa production can be characterized as the spontaneous fermentation, dominated by lactic acid bacteria, which is a necessary process for inducing biochemical modification of waxy rice.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.221-226
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• 2000

This experiment was designed to assess changes in yield difference between waxy (IWR) and non-waxy (INWR) near isogenic rice by evaluating the translocation and accumulation of assimilates in different parts of the rice plants after heading stage under different fertilizer application. Nitrogen content of culm in both IWR and INWR decreased rapidly from 35 days before heading to flowering time and after then it was maintained constantly, while the nitrogen content of leaf blade was continually reduced. Sugar content of leaf blade in IWR decreased steadly by 10 days after heading, but that in INWR increased 20 days after heading. There was no difference in starch content of culum between IWR and INWR from 35days before heading to heading, but that of culm of IWR increased again after heading. Dry weight of IWR plant was less reduced during ripening as compared with INWR. The dry weight of culm was not significantly different between two isogenic lines.