• 한국광학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.319-325
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• 1994

Stochastic 접근 방식을 사용한 Manchester 코드 파장분할다중 시스템의 성능이 산탄 잡음과 광섬유 비선형성에 기인한 four-wave mixing을 고려하여 평가되었다. DPSK 변조방식에 대하여 Manchester code 시스템의 결과는 기존의 non-return-to-zero 시스템과 비교된다. 더구나 최대 입력 전력(FWM에 의해 제한)과 최소 입력 전력(수신 감도에 의해 제한)의 비로서 정의된 dynamic range가 평가되었다. $1.55.{\mu}m$ 16채널 시스템에서 DPSK Manchester 코드 시스템의 dynamic range는 NRZ에 대한 관점에서 2.1dB의 개선을 보인다. 이 결과는 분산 천이 광섬유와 기존의 광섬유에 대해서 같은 결과를 얻어졌으며 10GHz의 채널 간격과 1Gbps/channel bit rate에서 이루어졌다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.579-585
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 스펙트럼 분할된 WDM시스템의 성능해석시, 광전치 증폭기를 사용하여 일반적인 핀(PIN) 다이오드를 채용한 수신기를 통해 얻을 수 있는 수신감도를 개선하는 방법에 대해 해석하였다. 또한 온-오프키잉(OOK: On Off Keying)과 주파수 천이키잉(FSK: Frequency Shift Keying) 전송을 이용하여 표준에러 확률을 유지하기 위해 필요로 하는 비트당 광자의 수를 계산한 후 수신기에서 광신호와 전기신호의 다양한 대역폭 비가 변화하는 경우에 대하여 위의 값을 다시 도출함으로써 수신감도를 해석하였다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2007

Traffic grooming, in which low-rate circuits are multiplexed onto wavelengths, with the goal of minimizing the number of add-drop multiplexers (ADMs) and wavelengths has received much research attention from the optical networking community in recent years. While previous work has considered various traffic models and network architectures, protection requirements of the circuits have not been considered. In this paper, we consider survivable traffic grooming, or grooming traffic which contains a mix of circuits that need protection and that do not need protection. We assume a unidirectional ring network with all-to-all symmetric traffic with $t\geq1$ circuits between each node pair, of which s require protection. As it turns out, survivable traffic grooming presents a significant tradeoff between the number of wavelengths and the number of ADMs, which is almost non-existent in non-survivable traffic grooming for this type of traffic. We explore this tradeoff for some specific cases in this paper. We also present some new results and solution methods for solving certain non-survivable traffic grooming problems.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.121-138
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• 2001

Due to large demand for high speed and great capacity for data transfer, WDM, which uses the wavelength division multiplexing technique, is known as alternative way to satisfy those demand for its flexible network operation and management, easy network expansion with existing networks, and enhancement of efficient data transfer rate. For these reasons, a new high capacity WDM optical communication network plan was established. Therefore, the quality of currently deployed optical cables with 81.6 km in length should be assessed to ensure if high capacity WDM system could be implemented on existing optical cables. Two important characteristic parameters, Transfer Loss and PMD (Polarization Mode Dispersion), were measured to evaluate quality of existing optical cable. Transfer Loss was measured at 0.244 dB per kilometer, which is lower than the design standard value at 0.275 dB/km. The measured PMD value gave at 0.030ps/km, and it, therefore, satisfies the value recommended by ITU-T (International Telecommunication Union-T) of 0.5ps/km. In addition, the transfer characteristic for existing 2.5 Gbps and 10 Gbps system were measured and evaluated, and the results showed that error-free transfer is very much feasible. Computer simulation for DWDM system, which is likely be a future backbone network in Korea, to assess the transfer characteristic using the same condition employed for 2.5 Gbps and 10 Gbps was carried out as well. The simulation verified that a stable network operation and reliable service could be provided.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.534-543
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• 2000

본 논문은 광섬유 브래그 격자에서 형성된 굴절율 포락선 분포 변화에 따른 반사 스펙트럼을 컴퓨터 시율레 이션을 통하여 분석하였다. 그 결과는 차세대 광통신 분야에서 다량의 정보를 전송하기 위해 펼요한 DWDM용 FBG 협대역 필터 설계 데이터로 활용 및 응용할 수 있으며, 또한 자외선 영역의 엑시머 레이저를 조사하여 형 성된 광섬유 브래그 격자내에서 굴절율 포락선 분포 변화에 따른 반사 스펙트럼을 컴퓨터 시률레이션 하였다. 광파장 분할 다중 방식용 광섬유 브래그 격자의 협대역 필터를 설계하는데 유용하다. 본 논문은 광섬유 브래그 격자내에 형성환 굴절율 포락선 분포를 갖는 세 가지 유형 첫째 Uniform. 둘째 Gaussia apodized, 셋째 Raised-cosine apodized 에 따른 반사 스펙트럼을 비교 분석하였다.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.315-324
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• 2017

In recent years, multicast services such as high-definition television (HDTV), video conferencing, interactive distance learning, and distributed games have increased exponentially, and wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) networks are considered to be a promising technology due to their support for multicast applications. Multicast survivability in WDM networks has been the focus of extensive attention since a single-link failure in an optical network may result in a massive loss of data. But the improvement of network survivability increases energy consumption due to more resource allocation for protection. In this paper, an energy-efficient multicast algorithm (EEMA) is proposed to reduce energy consumption in WDM networks. Two cost functions are defined based on the link state to determine both working and protection paths for a multicast request in WDM networks. To increase the number of sleeping links, the link cost function of the working path aims to integrate new working path into the links with more working paths. Sleeping links indicate the links in sleep mode, which do not have any working path. To increase bandwidth utilization by sharing spare capacity, the cost function of the protection path is defined to use sleeping fibers for establishing new protection paths. Finally, the performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated in terms of energy consumption, and also the blocking probability is evaluated under various traffic environments through OPNET. Simulation results show that our algorithm reduces energy consumption while maintaining the quality of service.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.81-86
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• 2005

As the optical communication is introduced to the backbone network at first and becomes a general communication method of network, the demand of kernel parts of optical communication such as PLC(Planar Light Circuit), Coupler, and WDM(Wavelength Division Multiplexing) element increases. The alignment and the attachment technology are very important in the fabrication of optical elements. In this paper, the driving mechanism of ultra precision stage is studied with the aim of optimal design of stage. The travel and the resolution of stage are investigated. The hysteresis of the stage is generated because of PZT actuator. The hysteresis and the inverse hysteresis are modeled in X, Y, and Z-axis motion. The input data of desired displacement to the stage according to input voltage is obtained from the inverse hysteresis equation. In the result of experiments with the input data, the errors due to hysteresis are well compensated.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

A large incoherent crosstalk (IC) caused by amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise power from Tx-disabled optical network units and a differential path loss has been shown to degrade upstream transmission performance in time-division multiplexing passive optical networks. This paper considers the IC-induced power penalty of an upstream signal both in an XG-PON and in a TWDM-PON. We investigate the degradation of the extinction ratio and relative intensity noise through a simulation and experiments. For the XG-PON case, we observe a 9.6 dB difference in the level of ASE noise power from Tx-disabled ONUs (hereafter known simply as ASE noise) between our result and the ITU-T XG-PON PMD recommendation. We propose an optical filtering method to mitigate an IC-induced power penalty. In the TWDM-PON case, the IC-induced power penalty is naturally negligible because the ASE noise is filtered by a wavelength multiplexer at the optical line terminal. The results provide design guidelines for the level of ASE noise in both XG-PONs and TWDM-PONs.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제42권10호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 추출격자 분포 브래그 반사기 (SGDBR: Sampled Grating Distributed Bragg Reflector) 가 집적된 추출격자 분포 궤환 (SGDFB : Sampled Grating Distributed Feedback) 레이저 다이오드의 파장가변 특성을 시뮬레이션을 통하여 분석하였다. SGDFB 영역에 있는 위상제어 영역의 길이는 출력 광 파워와 파장가변 범위에 많은 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 소자의 길이와 단면에서의 반사계수 및 단면의 위치에 의해 전체적인 파장가변 범위가 많은 영향을 받음을 확인하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.220-223
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• 2006

채널 레벨 컨트롤러는 DWDM(Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) 방식의 OXC(Optical Cross Connect), OADM(Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer), 광 증폭기(EDFA : Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier) 등의 시스템에서 채널별 광 신호의 세기를 조절하여 시스템의 신뢰성을 높이는 중요한 제어기다. 본 논문에서는 12채널 VOA(Variable Optical Attenuator) 4개를 사용하여 40채널의 광 신호 레벨을 제어할 수 있는 컨트롤러를 구현하였다. 각 채널의 광 신호 레벨을 제어하는데 하나의 마이크로프로세서가 5개의 채널을 제어하고 총 8개의 마이크로프로세서로 40채널을 분산 제어하도록 구성하였다. 또한 외부와 통신을 하고 사용자로부터의 명령을 각각의 마이크로프로세서에 전달하기 위한 마이크로프로세서를 추가하였다. 출력 되는 광 신호의 세기를 측정하여 VOA를 제어하고 VOA 출력에서 바로 PD(Photo Detector)로 입력하였다. 일반적으로는 AWG(Arrayed Waveguide Grating) 출력에서 광 신호를 다시 분파하여 PD에 입력하는 방법으로 매우 복잡하다. 본 연구는 이를 개선하여 매우 간단한 방법으로 다 채널의 광 신호를 제어 할 수 있었다.