• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.394-404
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• 2015

This study investigated the pharmacodynamics of betaine on the blood profile and short chain fatty acid levels in meat ducks exposed to heat wave. 400 heads of Cherry valley (Anasplatyrhynchos) meat ducks were completely randomized to 5 treatments (4 repetitions each), and were raised for 42 days. They were grouped into T1 (heat wave control group without betaine), T2 (betaine 400 ppm), T3 (betaine 800 ppm), T4 (betaine 1200 ppm), and T5 (normal control group without betaine). Compared to T1, the betaine addition groups showed higher body weight gain at shipment, with T3 showing the highest significant difference. For hematological indictors measured (red blood cells and platelets), the betaine addition groups showed significantly higher values than the heat wave control group. The pH of the former was lower but their electrolytes ($K^+$, $P^+$, and $Cl^-$) were significantly higher compared to the latter. For blood gas concentration, the former showed a significantly higher value than the latter. For the total short chain fatty acids, acetic acid, and propionic acid, the betaine addition groups and group fed broiler-high temperature diet showed higher values than the heat wave control group. On the other hand, the former showed significantly lower values in butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, and isovaleric acid than the latter group. These results suggest that betaine has the pharmacodynamics that mediate heat stress, via the maintenance and control of the blood profile, osmotic pressure, gas concentration, and short chain fatty acid, of meat ducks under heat wave.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.85-97
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• 2016

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects on the muscle thickness and contraction time using sound wave vibrator and swiss ball. Methods : This study was performed on 20 subjects. 20 subjects were divided into two groups; Lumbar stability exercise using sound wave vibrator exercise(n=10)(Group1), Lumbar stability exercise using Swiss ball exercise(n=10)(Group2). Both of the group performed the exercise 3 times a week for 5 weeks. The data was analyzed by the paired t-test to compare before and after difference of factors on each group and the Independent t-test to compare the between groups. Results : Both group were increased muscle contracture time on Straight Leg Rise(SLR) test (p<0.05). It means both group were increased lumbar stability. However, by comparing the between groups, there were no statistically significant difference about muscle thickness of multifidus and transverse abdominal.(p>0.05). Conclusion : As a result of this study, we suggest that the sound wave vibrator may be effective exercise tool for lumbar stability exercise like a swiss ball.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2021

Background: To evaluate whether extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in the pain point is a more effective treatment than the trigger point for myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) of the upper trapezius. Objects: The purpose of this study was to compare the most effective areas when applying extracorporeal shock wave therapy. Methods: A total of 30 patients with MPS were randomly assigned to the trigger point in the ESWT (n = 15) and pain point ESWT (n = 15) groups. Interventions in both groups were performed in one session, i.e., 2,000 shocks with 1.5 bar intensity. Pain and function were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and cervical range of motion (ROM) and based on mechanical muscle properties. Statistical analysis was performed using the repeated measures two-way analysis of variance to determine the significance probability between pre- and post-test. Results: Changes in mechanical muscle properties were not statistically significant between the two groups. However, VAS and cervical ROM showed statistically significant differences at pre- and post-intervention, regardless of the group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Although no significant difference was observed in the intervention effect, applying an extracorporeal shock wave to the pain point rather than the pain trigger point should be considered in order to save time in effectively and accurately identifying the pain trigger point and site.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.306-319
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• 2013

Objectives The purpose of this study was to find correlations between gastrointestinal disorders, pain, sleep disorder, fatigue, and to figure out characteristics of fatigue in Sasang Constitution using medical devices data. Methods Sixty three subjects were divided into fatigue group and non-fatigue group, both groups had to undergo blood tests, questionnaire, Sasang constitutional analysis tool (SCAT), pulse wave analyzer examination, heart rate variability examination, nail fold capillary microscopic examination. Results 1) The results of questionnaire about fatigue, gastrointestinal disorder, pain, sleep disorder, quality of life had significant differences between fatigue and non-fatigue groups. 2) Soeumin had more serious gastrointestinal problem and Soyangin had more serious sleep disorder in fatigue groups than non-fatigue groups. 3) According to blood test results, there was no difference between fatigue and non-fatigue groups. 4) Elastic parameter of pulse wave analyzer and nail fold capillary microscopic examination showed significant differences between fatigue and non-fatigue groups in Soyangin. Conclusions We reach the conclusion that fatigue is usually accompanied by gastrointestinal disorder, pain, sleep disorder, deterioration in the quality of life. In Soeumin, treating gastrointestinal disorders can be helpful for treatment of fatigue. In Soyangin, improving sleep disorder may be more effective way to treat fatigue.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1095-1099
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• 2017

This study used both kinesiotaping and extracorporeal shock wave therapy on patients diagnosed with frozen shoulder - a common musculoskeletal disorder in adults - in order to observe the effects on the joint range of motion. 21 adult(male 12, female 9) were selected and distributed into randomized groups. One group received kinesiotaping (n=10) and the other group received kinesiotaping together with extracorporeal shockwave therapy (n=11). After a 6 week duration of receiving kinesiotaping and extracorporeal shockwave therapy, changes in the joint range of motion in the patients were observed. Post-treatment of frozen shoulder, the changes in abduction within the shoulder joint were as follows: in both groups there was a noticeable increase in the joint range of motion (p<.05). Post-treatment of frozen shoulder, the changes in external rotation within the shoulder joint were as follows: both groups showed a significant increase in the joint range of motion (p<.05). The result of suggest that, it can be inferred that both the extracorporeal shockwave therapy and kinesiotaping are effective in increasing the joint range of motion in patients with frozen shoulder.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of extracorporeal shock-wave therapy (ESWT) on pain, grip strength, and upper-extremity function in patients diagnosed with lateral epicondylitis and to provide an effective intervention method for lateral epicondylitis. Methods: Twenty patients with lateral epicondylitis were randomly assigned to the ESWT group (n = 10) and the stretching exercise group (n = 10). Interventions in both groups were performed six times twice a week for three weeks. The visible analog scale (VAS) was used to measure pain change. A dynamometer was used to measure grip strength (GS). Patient-rated tennis elbow evaluation (PRTEE) was used to measure the upper-extremity function. Results: There were significant differences in pain, grip strength, and upper-extremity function in both groups before and after intervention (p < 0.05). There were also significant differences in pain, grip strength, and upper-extremity function between the groups after intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study showed very positive improvement in pain, grip strength, and upper-extremity function after ESWT in patients with lateral epicondylitis. Therefore, ESWT can be recommended for patients with lateral epicondylitis.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2017

본 논문에서 군집주행 서비스를 위해 단체표준에서 정의한 서비스 요구사항을 근거로 하여 WAVE 통신시스템의 성능을 분석하였다. 통신시스템의 주요 성능 파라미터로 제시되는 패킷 에러율과 지연시간 요구조건은 군집으로 주행하는 차량의 제어와 안전을 보장하기 위해 반드시 만족되어야 한다. 실험 시나리오는 크게 군집으로 주행차량들만 존재하는 경우, 통신 반경 내에 다른 간섭차량들이 존재하는 경우 그리고 통신범위 밖에 히든차량들이 존재하는 경우로 나누어 패킷 에러율과 평균지연시간을 분석하였다. 패킷 에러율과 지연시간은 앞에서 언급한 차량들의 토폴로지와 차량 주행속도 그리고 통신반경을 고려하여 모델링 하였다. 수치적 분석 결과는 패킷의 크기, 패킷 생성 주기 그리고 전송속도에 대해 수행되었다. 결론적으로 각 표준에서 정의한 군집주행 성능요구사항에 대해 WAVE 통신 시스템이 제공할 수 있는 안정적인 패킷 성공률과 지연시간 등에 대한 범위를 제시하였다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.427-438
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• 2015

폭염에 노출된 육용오리에서 짧은 사슬지방산(short chain fatty acid, SCFA), 혈액 프로파일 및 생산성에 관한 베타인 800 ppm 함유사료의 급여시기 별 차이를 조사하였다. 오리 (Cherry valley, Anas platyrhynchos) 240 마리를 4처리 3반복(반복 당 20마리)으로 완전임의배치 한 후 42일 간 사육하였다. 4개의 처리구는 C(베타인 무첨가 폭염 대조군), T1(베타인 800 ppm 사료 무제한 급여군), T2(베타인 800 ppm 사료 오전 05:00-10:00, 오후 17:00-20:00 제한급여군), T3(베타인 800 ppm 사료 17:00-10:00 야간 제한급여군)로 구분하였다. 42일령 체중은 T2, T1, T3 순서로 베타인 사료 급여시기 처리구가 폭염 대조군에 비해서 증가하였으나 T1, T3 사이의 유의차는 없었다. 사료요구율은 베타인을 함유하지 않은 사료의 무제한 급여 폭염 대조군이 베타인 사료의 급여시기 처리군에 비해서 높았으나 T1, T2, T3 사이의 유의차는 없었다. PLT, MPV를 제외한 적혈구 및 혈소판의 프로파일은 베타인 함유사료를 급여하는 시기에 따라서 통계적인 유의차가 인정되었다. 혈액 $K^+$를 제외한 $Na^+$, $Cl^-$은 베타인 함유사료를 오전, 오후로 구분하여 급여해준 T2가 다른 두 개의 처리군에 비해서 유의하게 높았다. 혈액 가스는 T2가 다른 두 개의 처리군에 비해서 일반적으로 높은 경향을 보였다. 총 SCFA, 초산, 프로피온산은은 T2가 다른 두 개의 처리군에 비해서 높은 경향을 보였으나 이와 반대로 뷰티르산, 이소뷰티르산, 발레르산, 이소발레르산은 일반적으로 낮았다. 이상의 결과는 폭염에 노출된 오리에서 베타인 800 ppm을 함유하는 사료의 오전 05:00-10:00, 오후 17:00-20:00 급여가 베타인의 약리학적 기작을 통한 성장능력을 개선할 수 있음을 나타낸다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.43-50
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• 1999

The safety-evaluation of ancient wood structures has been executed with only visual inspection. The application of NDE(nondestructive evaluation) is required because the visual inspection has many restrictions. Among many NDE techniques, the stress wave technique was used in this research. This study focused on evaluating the extent of decay in members of ancient structures, using stress wave nondestructive technique. For application of stress wave technique to ancient structures, the threshold time which divides members into categories according to degree of decay should be determined in advance. Stress wave timer (Metriguard Model 239A) was used in this study, specimens used in this research were the members obtained from six ancient structures. All specimens were identified as Hard Pine(Pinus densiflora S. et Z. or Pinus thunbergii P.) by microscope. Each member was tested with stress wave passing radially through the pith. In this study, the stress wave time of $12{\mu}s$/cm could distinguish between sound and decayed specimens with accuracy of 77.5 percent. Also, decayed specimens could be separated into moderate and severe categories by stress wave time of $20{\mu}s$/cm. Among the three decay location groups (exterior, mixed, interior), the exterior group could be classified into sound, moderate and severe decay with the greatest accuracy. Stress wave transit time was not sensitive to small decay pockets located in interior of the member.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.745-752
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• 2012

This study aims to show the change of Heart Rate Variability(HRV) and Pulse wave velocity(PWV) on menstruation in women at college. Heart Rate Variability(HRV) and Pulse wave velocity(PWV) of 122 women at college were measured at their menstruation and ordinary period. SDNN, RMSSD, SDSD, HRV Index(%), stress resistance and cardiac activity were significantly higher at their menstruation than ordinary period, but Total Power and pNN50(%) were opposite. The automatic nervous system balance and physical stress were decreased in groups without dysmenorrhea than with one. PWV(E-R) and PWV(E-L) were much higher at menstruation than ordinary period. PTT(F-R) and PTT(F-L) were decreased in groups without dysmenorrhea than with severe one. We demonstrated that menstruation can effect on Heart Rate Variability and Pulse wave velocity and dysmenorrhea can cause the imbalance of autonomic nervous system.