• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.132-136
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• 1994

The new spray system is proposed by using a pipe with hygroscopic needle electrode In order to develop an air-cleaning ESP with high collection efficiency for submicron particles and high removal efficiency for NOx, SO$_2$, NH$_3$. Fundamental characteristics of charging water spray, which is not an usual wet type, are investigated experimentally. As a result, corona discharging mode and ozone generation rate are significantly affected by the operational conditions, such as the applied voltage and wet condition of the needle electrode.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.469-474
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• 2015

In ultrasonic spray pyrolysis deposition, a precursor solution is evaporated by an ultrasonic atomizer, then gas-carried into a furnace where the solute is separated from the water vapor. After condensation, polymerization, and nucleation, the solute oxide forms a thin film. To improve the deposition efficiency, the ultrasonic atomizer was studied to optimize the evaporated gas flow. The vat cover was redesigned, using three versions with different inlet factors being tested through a computational fluid dynamic analysis as well as a water evaporation experiment. The atomization rate with a hemispherical cover with a $30^{\circ}$ inlet was found to be 2.4 times higher than that with the original. This improvement was verified with fluorine-doped tin oxide spray pyrolysis deposition. The film obtained with the modified vat cover was 2.4 times thicker than that obtained with the original vat cover.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.165-173
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• 2001

This study examinated the application in construction field and the development of waterproofing material system by the spray water-soluble rubber asphalt to solve the problems of synthetic polymer sheet and gio membrane(A mat sheet of Bentonite) that had been used domestic waterproofing material in advance. As the result of study, characters of study water-soluble rudder asphalt are the follows: 1) The amount of water absorption was '0.06'g and the seepage quality was '0'g in result. 2) The tensile strength was about 30.7kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2 and the elongation was about 72.4% in result. 3) After reliance of temperature test had been ended, the tensile strength was about 72.4kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2 in low temperature and about 30.7kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2 in normal temperature. 4) After acid and alkaline treatment had been ended, the tensile strength was about 19.7kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and about 21.9kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2 in result. 5) After chlorine ion treatment had been ended, the tensile strength was 28.5kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and the elongation was 250% in result. 6) The impact performance was subsided at 1.5m height. 7) After promotion weathering had been ended, the tensile and elongation was about 26.0kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2, 214% in result. So, this study can propose the spray water-soluble rubber asphalt to satisfy the and durability of waste filled land.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.31-50
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• 2016

To develope a greenhouse fog cooling system to control the temperature and relative humidity simultaneously to the target value, a theoretical analysis and experiments were done. The control process includes the measuring of environmental variables, setting and coding of the water and heat balance equations to maintain the target temperature and relative humidity in greenhouse, calculating of the open level of the greenhouse roof window that governs the natural ventilation and spray water quantity, and operating of the motor to open/close the roof window and pump to spray for water. The study results were shown to be very good because the average air temperature in the greenhouse was kept to be about $28.2^{\circ}C$ with the standard deviation of about $0.37^{\circ}C$ compared to the target temperature of $28^{\circ}C$ and the average relative humidity was about 75.2% compared to the target relative humidity was 75% during the experiments. The average outside relative humidity was about 41.0% and the average outside temperature was $27.2^{\circ}C$ with the standard deviation of about $0.54^{\circ}C$. The average solar intensity in the greenhouse was 712.9 W. The wind velocity of outside greenhouse was 0.558 m/s with the standard deviation of 0.46 m/s.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.41-47
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• 2009

This paper presents the spray characteristics of the simplex fuel nozzle with different working fluids for the gas turbine engine. Spray characteristics can be changed with viscosity, surface tension and density. In this research, water and test fluid type 2 which has similar characteristics of the kerosene are used as a working fluid. Spray visualization was performed by using ND-Yag laser and droplet size was measured by using PDPA(Phase doppler particle analyzer) system. The test results show that spray shapes and SMD distributions of two working fluids are similar at main spray region.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.68-75
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• 2018

The introduction of advanced water treatment facilities has increased as the conventional purification method cannot remove the substance clearly. However, the internal waterproofing and Anticorrosion materials of the advanced water treatment facility using ozone deteriorate due to the oxidation power of ozone and affects the concrete, which causes a decrease in durability. This study is to evaluate the ozone resistance according to the type of spray metal and the surface treatment method of the coating, and the bond strength after ozone treatment in order to develope a finishing method to prevent deterioration of concrete structure of water treatment facility using metal spraying method as a way to construct metal panel with excellent ozone resistance and chemical resistance by an easier way than the previous. The Experimental results show that spray metal Ti has superior ozone resistance even after spraying. It is considered to be the most suitable method for ozone resistance and bond performance by finishing using Teflon sealing as surface treatment method.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 1996

This experimental study was to investigate spray angles and drop sizes in an external mixed twin-fluid swirl jet nozzle. Twin-fluid swirl jet nozzle with swirlers designed four swirl angles such as $0^{\circ},\;22.5^{\circ},\;45^{\circ},\;64.2^{\circ}$ was employed. A PDA system was utilized for the measurement of drop size and mean velocity. Water and air were used as the working fluids in this experiment. The mass flow rate of water was fixed as 0.03 kg/min, and air flow rates were controlled to have the air/liquid mass ratio from 1.0 to 6.0. As a result, swirl angle controlled to spray angles and drop sizes. It was found that swirl angle was increased with spray angle and with decreased SMD. However, the effect of swirl angle was reduced at large air/liquid mass ratio(Mr=6.0).

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.563-573
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• 2000

Periodic outbreaks of Newcastle disease (ND) caused by velogenic viscerotropic ND virus (vvNDV) has become a major concern in Korea nowadays. Throughout last epidemic, the winter season in 2000, most chicken flocks infected early, under 2-4 weeks of age, showed high mortality up to 50-100%. Serum samples collected from 201 breeder, 284 layer and 112 broiler chicken flocks were examined to evaluate the efficacy of various vaccination methods and programs routinely used for mass vaccination in the field poultry farms. Despite repeated live vaccination, most poultry flocks vaccinated by drinking water route using nipple water supply system failed to produce solid active immune response to NDV during the growing time. In the present study, we applied the spray vaccination technique using Ulvavac or Desvac sprayer to the experimental poultry flocks and examined the efficacy of live vaccination effects induced by it under field condition. Measurable antibody to NDV as well as early protection against vvNDV challenge were found in poultry flocks vaccinated by spray route. Further, we did not found significant post vaccination reactions caused by spray vaccination if properly administered. These data indicate that the spray vaccination will be safe and reliable mass vaccination method for the prevention of ND.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.87-94
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• 2003

Recently, LPLi(Liquied-Phase LPG injection) system is studied for the new stringent emission regulations. But , there are some problems to be solved such as injector tip icing and fuel leakage for LPLi system development. In this paper, the icing problem near injector tip which leads to difficulty of accurate A/F control was studied and reported. Icing of injector tip and port wall was observed at all the cases in this study regardless of injection duration and angle, air humidity change. The spray angle of LPLi was observed approximately two times wider than that of Gasoline injection. This makes the LPLi spray collide with intake port around injector tip. Temperature of the wetted area was decreased and icing of water vapor contained in intake air because of evaporation of the fuel film. The ice of the injector tip and port wall is also affected by the materials related to heat transfer.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.93-96
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• 2005

High temperature furnace such as Steam power plant and incinerator contribute considerable part of NOx generation and face urgent demand of De-NOx system. Reducing agents are necessary to use De-NOx system. In this study mixing caused by direct injection of reducing agent solution spray into flue gas duct was measured. Carbonated water was used as tracer and simulated agent because ammonia as a reducing agent is not proper to experiment. Mixing and evaporation must occur simultaneously and quickly enough to achieve desirable efficiency. To achieve that, the angle of attack of static mixer and the location is simulated and $CO_2$ concentration is measured.