• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2004

Density is a physical property which contains information relating to the internal quality of fruits and vegetables, and can be used as an index for nondestructive quality evaluation. Density sorting has been employed by farmers for some agricultural products since ancient times. In this study, an automatic density measuring system based on the platform scale or water displacement method was developed for density sorting of watermelon. It consisted of water tan, load cell, net tray, electric motor, limit switch, control system and its program. The resolution of density was 0.001 g/㎤. In order to calibrate and evaluate the accuracy, the density was measured using a balloon kept in cold water. It showed 1.002 g/㎤ which almost correspond to real density of water. Test results with 6 watermelons and 3 replications showed that the standard deviations of the dens were 0.001∼0.004 g/㎤. The relationship between density and internal quality of watermelon was investigated using the system. The densities of hollow watermelons were less than 0.950 g/㎤, it was apparent that the density of the watermelon was related to the degree of hollowness. But the soluble solid contents and internal defects could not be estimated from the density.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.207-213
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• 2009

정수장에서 수도꼭지까지 전체적인 물 공급 체계에서 수돗물의 수질은 먹는 물 기준에 적합해야 하지만 수돗물 공급과정에서 수질 모니터링과 충분한 관리가 이루어지지 않고 있다. 특히 대부분의 소규모 저수조(지하저수조 또는 고가(高架)저수조)의 수도관은 다양한 오염원에 노출되어 있다. 최근의 수질 모니터링 시스템은 몇몇 대형 정수장과 배수지 등에 설치되어 운영하고 있다. 특히 인터넷을 이용한 수질 모니터링은 언제 어디서나 주민들이 확인할 수 있도록 몇몇 지방자치단체에서 채택하고 있다. 이러한 시스템을 구축하는 것은 대규모 시설을 필요로 하기 때문에, 아파트, 공공건물, 소규모 지하저수조 또는 고가저수조와 같은 규모가 적은 물 공급시설에는 제한적으로 적용된다. 본 연구에서는 저렴한 각각의 수질센서 모듈을 집적화하여 개발한 다항목 수질계측기를 이용하여 인터넷에서 운용되는 온라인 모니터링 프로그램을 개발하였다. 저수조 관리자는 온라인으로 먹는 물의 수질 측정값을 모니터링할 수 있다. 제안된 다항목 수질측정기를 집적화하였으며, 저수조의 크기와 관계없이 저가로 다양한 저수조에 쉽게 적용할 수 있는 시스템이다.

• 태양에너지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.85-95
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• 2000

As the industry has been growing rapidly, the problem of environmental pollution has been on the rise seriously. In this paper, we used solar cells at the power supply unit of the equipment, which has been sold at present, for measuring the quality of water in order to complement the problem. Also, to get rid of the inconvenience that the examiners must go the job site, check and collect the polluted water we set the goal at designing the water pollution alarm system which measures the quality of water automatically using one-chip microprocessor and materializing the program.

• 전자공학회논문지SC
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2007

수질 감시를 위한 물벼룩 활동량 측정을 실시간으로 측정하는 하드웨어를 구현 하였다. 물벼룩은 수질 감시에 빈번히 시용하는 살아있는 생물학적 센서라고 할 수 있다. 물벼룩은 수질이 오염이 되면 활동량의 변화가 나타나기 때문에 물벼룩의 활동량을 감시함으로서 해당 수질의 독성 물질의 유입을 즉각 확인할 수 있다. 물벼룩의 활동량 조사는 기존의 방법은 LED를 이용한 발광부와 Photo TR.을 이용한 수광부를 사용하는 방법이 있으나 물벼룩이 빛에 민감하게 반응하고 측정 대상인 물벼룩을 기준에 두고 2 개의 장치(발광부와 수광부)를 두는 불편한 점이 있었다. 본 논문은 기존의 방식을 대체하기 위해 CCD 카메라를 사용한다. CCD 카메라의 영상처리를 위해 이미지 버퍼에 저장한 후 컴퓨터나 DSP를 사용하여 소프트웨어로 일괄 처리를 하는 것이 아니라 실시간으로 하드웨어로 처리하는 시스템을 구현하였다. 그리고 구현된 하드웨어로 수질 경보를 위한 원격 모니터링 임베디드 시스템을 구축하였다.

• Water Engineering Research
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2003

The applicabilities and validities of two methodologies fur the prediction of THM (trihalomethane) formation in a water pipeline system were proposed and discussed. One is the multiple regression technique and the other is an artificial neural network technique. There are many factors which influence water quality, especially THMs formations in water pipeline systems. In this study, the prediction models of THM formation in water pipeline systems are developed based on the independent variables proposed by American Water Works Association(AWWA). Multiple linear/nonlinear regression models are estimated and three layer feed-forward artificial neural networks have been used to predict the THM formation in a water pipeline system. Input parameters of the models consist of organic compounds measured in water pipeline systems such as TOC, DOC and UV254. Also, the reaction time to each measuring site along pipeline is used as input parameter calculated by a hydraulic analysis. Using these variables as model parameters, four models are developed. And the predicted results from the four developed models are compared statistically to the measured THMs data set. It is shown that the artificial neural network approaches are much superior to the conventional regression approaches and that the developed models by neural network can be used more efficiently and reproduce more accurately the THMs formation in water pipeline systems, than the conventional regression methods proposed by AWWA.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 TOPSIS(Techniques for Order Performance by Similarity to Ieal Solution)을 이용하여 낙동강수계 34개 지천에서의 수질측정망 설치 지점에 대하여 평가하였다. 낙동강수계에서는 지난 2011년부터 195개 지천에서 수질 및 유량을 측정하고 있다. 특히, 34개 중점관리지점은 오염원이 많고 수질이 불량한 지역으로서 지속적인 수질이 관리가 필요하다. 관리가 필요한 지점 선정을 위해 평가항목은 10개 지표를 선정하였으며 선정된 지표를 표준화하고, 엔트로피 방법(Entropy Method)을 이용하여 가중치를 부여하였다. 가중치 산정결과, 인근 측정망 유무가 가장 크고 평균 수질과 산업단지 유무도 높은 가중치를 얻었다. 평가결과, 상위 지점은 인근 측정망이 없고 산업단지와 폐수처리시설이 있고 평균 수질이 타 지점보다 높은 지점이다. 평가된 자료는 향후 낙동강수계에서의 신규 수질측정망 설정 및 지속적인 지류에서의 수질 관리를 위해 필요한 연구 결과로 판단된다.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1993년도 Proceedings of International Conference for Agricultural Machinery and Process Engineering
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• pp.344-352
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of the non-destructive quality evaluation for food by the acoustic non-linear parameter B/A which is a measure of the non-linearity of the state equation of the medium in terms of pressure and density. The B/A of water, corn oil O/W(oil in water) emulsion and milk were measured by using a sound velocity measuring system. The B/A value of water was measured for ascertaining reliability of our experimental system. Corn oil W/W emulsion was prepared as a model of milk . It was proved that the B/A value of O/W emulsion was related to the oil concentration by a law of mixture. We applied this result to milk and obtained satisfactory results for predicting the milk fat concentration.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.187-196
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• 2021

When evaluating the extent of the impact of water pollutants on the surrounding area, we would like to present the target level (proposal) of the quality of the environment, which is the standard for evaluation. We propose the environmental quality target level for substances that need to be applied domestically by investigating overseas cases operating the integrated environmental management system and the implications of domestic environmental pollutant management. The appropriateness of the environmental quality target level reviewed in this study was determined using data from the water quality measuring network, and future improvement measures were proposed. We review the available methodologies for setting quality objectives for the environment. It proposed the environmental quality target level for 21 substances that have domestic water pollutant emission standards and do not have environmental standards, and proposed future improvement measures. If it is necessary to add quality target-level items of the environment in the future, it is believed that expansion will be possible based on the methodology presented in this study.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.330-338
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• 2017

Purpose: The smartphone is actively being used in many research fields, primarily in medical and diagnostic applications. However, there are cases in which smartphone-based systems have been developed for agriculture, environment, and food applications. The purpose of this review is to summarize the research cases using smartphone cameras in agriculture, environment, and food. Methods: This review introduces seventeen research cases which used smartphone cameras in agriculture, food, water, and soil applications. These were classified as systems involving "smartphone-camera-alone" and "smartphone camera with optical accessories". Results: Detecting food-borne pathogens, analyzing the quality of foods, monitoring water quality and safety, gathering information regarding plant growth or damage, identifying weeds, and measuring soil loss after rain were presented for the smartphone-camera-alone system. Measuring food and water quality and safety, phenotyping seeds, and soil classifications were presented for the smartphone camera with optical accessories. Conclusions: Smartphone cameras were applied in various areas for several purposes. The use of smartphone cameras has advantages regarding high-resolution imaging, manual or auto exposure and focus control, ease of use, portability, image storage, and most importantly, programmability. The studies discussed were achieved by sensitivity improvements of CCDs (charge-coupled devices) and CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) on smartphone cameras and improved computing power of the smartphone, respectively. A smartphone camera-based system can be used with ease, low cost, in near-real-time, and on-site. This review article presents the applications and potential of the smartphone and the smartphone camera used for various purposes in agriculture, environment, and food.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2014

본 연구는 국립환경과학원의 물환경정보시스템에서 제공한 자료를 사용하였다. 자료는 낙동강 본류 (낙본, nb)의 수질측정소 A지역에서 측정소 N지역까지 2003년 1월부터 2013년 8월까지 측정한 월별 수질데이터를 이용하였다. 생물학적 산소요구량 BOD (biological oxygen demand)의 통계학적 수질분석은 월별, 연도별, 지역별로 R 프로그래밍을 이용하여 구체화 하였다. 낙본지역 측정소들의 BOD에 대하여 탐색적 자료분석 (exploratory data analysis) 방법과 비모수 회귀분석방법 중 하나인 Lowess (locally weighted scatter plot smoother) 경향분석법을 이용하여 장기수질경향과 지역별 수질분포의 현황을 분석하였다. 그리고 특이점 (outlier)이 가장 많이 발생하는 시기와 낙본 측정지역들을 분석하였다. 그 결과 낙본하류지역인 부산광역시 강서구 명지동 측정소 nbM의 BOD 수질환경 보다 낙본중류지역인 대구광역시 달성군 구지면의 측정소 nbG와 경상남도 창원시의 측정소 nbI 지역의 수질오염이 보다 심각한 문제점들이 있는 것으로 나타난다.