• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2008

A monsoon season monitoring data from June to September, 2005 of a small forested watershed located at the upstream of the North Han River system in Korea was conducted to analyze the flow variations, the NPS pollutant concentrations, and the pollution load characteristics with respect to sampling frequencies. During the 4-month period, 1,423 mm or 79.2% of annual rainfall(1,797 mm) were occurred and more than 77%, 54% and 68% of annual T-N, $NO_3$-N and T-P loads discharged. Flow rate was continuously measured with automatic velocity and water level meters and 58 water quality samples were taken and analyzed. It was analyzed that the flow volume by random measurement varied very widely and ranged from 79% to 218% of that of continuous measurement. It was recommended that flow measurement of small forested watersheds should be continuously measured with automated flow meters to precisely measure flow rates. Flow-weighted mean concentrations of T-N, $NO_3$-N and T-P during the period were 2.114 mg/L, 0.836 mg/L, and 0.136 mg/L, respectively. T-N, $NO_3$-N and T-P loads were sensitive to the number of samples. And it was analyzed that in order to measure the pollution load within the error of 10% to the true load, the rate of sampling frequency should be higher than 89.7% of the sample numbers that were required to compute the true pollution load. If it is compared to selected foreign research results, about 10 water samples for each rainfall event were needed to compute the pollution load within 10% error. It is unlikely in Korea and recommended that thorough NPS pollution monitoring studies are required to develop the standard monitoring procedures for reliable NPS pollution quantification.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.164-172
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• 2018

This study aims to determine the community patterns of benthic macroinvertebrates and analyze the relationship between the communities and the water quality in the Pungyeongjeong Stream. We collected the samples four times by season. The number of species was 28 and the dominant species were Cheumatopsyche brevilineata, Hydropsyche kozhantschikovi, Baetis fuscatus, Chironomidae spp., and so on. The range of the dominant index was 0.54 to 0.93 and the mean was 0.77. The range of the diversity index was 0.94 to 2.54, and of the mean index it was 1.75. The ratio of filtering-collectors and clingers got lower, but the ratio of gathering-collectors and sprawlers got higher as collection progressed from the upper stream to the lower stream. The results of the Pearson correlation analysis showed COD, SS, TOC and total coliforms were highly related with biotic indices of benthic macroinvertebrates. The results of cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination showed that the survey sites and periods were divided into three groups. The survey sites were divided into upper stream and middle-lower stream. The survey periods were divided into winter season and other seasons. Distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates showed some characteristics according to various influence factors; however long-term and regular investigations were thought to need analysis and prediction with various statistical methods.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.453-459
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• 2012

In this study, Song-Cheon river Basin located at Dae-kwan-lyong Meyn in Kang-Won Province was monitored to analyze characteristics of non-point source pollution during the snowmelt period. The characteristics of NPS pollution such as runoff, change in water quality and pollutant loads by snowmelt were investigated from 23th February 2010 to 27th April 2010. The results showed that The climate change effects flow, turbidity and concentration of SS and COD with showing similar trend of fluctuation. Daily pollutant loads per unit area were SS 74.43 kg/ha/day, COD 1.25 kg/ha/day, BOD 0.21 kg/ha/day, TN 0.717 kg/ha/day, TP 0.141 kg/ha/day and the flow weight mean concentration has been SS 985.97 mg/L, COD 16.28 mg/L, BOD 2.67 mg/L, TN 9.302 mg/L, TP 1.834 mg/L, respectively. The flow and pollutant loads both of SS and of COD significantly increased during the snowmelt period. Because structurally loosen soil by freezing and thawing deteriorates water quality, research and management measures will be needed.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2011

This study is selected two points of combined sewer that occurred Fish Kill after first flush, that analyzed generation of pollutants and stream runoff generation of combined sewer overflows (CSOs) as fine weather and rainfall. In addition, this study was to analyze the relationship between CSOs and sediments, to propose measures to reduce the sediment relevant with CSOs and rainfall runoff from entering sewage treatment plants and measures for discharged directly into streams when indicate relatively good water quality after overflow. Sediments in combined sewer system was discharged about 50~80% as overflows during rainfall and we can reduce the amount of the CSOs at least 50% or more if the sewer does not exist in the sediments because of the amount of discharge about the amount of intercept has been investigated by 3~5 times. Because of velocity at sediment interval in sewer is very low, sewage velocity of about 3~5 times as much as it can increase the amount of sediment can be reduced if the separation wall is installed. Effective control of BOD overflow load is respectively 77.5%, 75.8% at first point, second point by the separation wall is installed. Drainage area greater than area in this study or many combined sewer overflows region is increased the more effective control of separation wall. Turbidity to measure changes in water quality of overflows can be used as an factor to control the intercept flows because the intercept flows(3Q) after the first flush has lowered removal efficiency and increases the operational load of sewage treatment plants. Sewage water quality after a overflow when the reasonable turbidity was measured at this point flows to excluded intercept flow(1Q) can be discharged to stream.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2023

최근 급격한 기후 변화 및 온난화로 인한 부작용으로 전 세계적으로 홍수 재해의 빈도 및 피해 규모가 증가하고 있다. 국내의 경우, 한강 수위는 대한민국 수도인 서울의 홍수 재해를 예방하기 위한 주요 관리 대상이다. 본 논문에서는 기계학습 기반의 한강 수위 예측을 개선하기 위해 관련 데이터 품질을 종합적으로 진단하고 이를 개선하기 위한 전처리 방안을 제안한다. 구체적으로는 결측치 처리와 교차 상관 분석을 통해 데이터를 완전성, 유효성, 그리고 정확성 측면에서 개선한다. 또한, 제안한 데이터 개선 방법이 한강 수위 예측 성능에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 랜덤 포레스트와 LightGBM을 이용하여 성능 평가를 수행한다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.141-154
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• 2020

우리나라에서 일어나는 하천 내 유해화학물질 유입사고 발생건수는 매년 증가하는 추세를 보이고 있다. 이에 대응하기 위해 국가차원의 수질오염 사고대응체계를 구축하여 사고방재를 위한 체계적인 절차를 수립하였으나, 우리나라의 사고대응체계는 해외의 수질모형을 차용하고 있기 때문에 모형의 매개변수 입력 및 검보정에 어려움이 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 하천에 유출된 유해화학물질의 거동을 분석하기 위한 수심 평균 2차원 하천수질모형을 개발하고, 유해화학물질의 특성을 고려한 유의반응항 판별을 통해 효율적 모의수행을 위한 기법을 제시하였다. 수심 평균 2차원 하천수질모형인 CTM-2D에 흡·탈착, 휘발 반응을 재현할 수 있는 반응항을 추가하고, 이를 검증하기 위해 해석해와 수치해를 비교한 결과 0.1% 미만의 오차를 보여 모형의 타당성을 입증하였다. 또한 낙동강-금호강 합류부에 수질오염사고 가상시나리오를 구성하여 개발된 모형을 적용하였으며, 민감도 분석 기반 유의반응 판단을 통해 효율적 수질모의를 수행할 수 있었다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제38권2호통권112호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2005

본 연구는 4년에 걸쳐 조사된 팔당호 식물플랑크톤 조사자료를 토대로 각 분류군별 세포수 및 점유율 그리고 우점 조류속의 장기변동 패턴을 평가하고, 아울러 이들과 수질과의 관계를 규명해보고자 시도되었다. 규조류는 조사기간 중 비교적 지속적으로 출현하는 경향을 보였으며, 남조류는 매년 6 ${\sim}$ 9월에 집중적으로 발생하는 특징을 보였고 7월경 가장 높은 세포수를 나타냈다. 녹조류의 경우 높은 세포수를 나타내는 시기는 6 ${\sim}$ 8월로서 남조류의 경우와 유사하였다. 기타 조류는 Cryptomonas속이 거의 대부분을 차지하였으며, 5 ${\sim}$ 8월에 높은 세포수가 관찰되었다. 조사기간 중 우점속 (매년 조사기간 중 출현 세포수 총계가 평균 7,000 cells $mL^{-1}$ 이상인 것을 대상으로 함)은 Aulacoseira 및 Cyclotella속(규조류), Microcystis와 Anabaena속 (남조류), Scenedesmus속 (녹조류) 그리고 Cryptomonas속 (은편모조류) 이었다. 각 분류군별 세포수와 수질조사 자료 간의 상관관계는 낮은 수준을 보였으며, 유의성이 있는 것 (p<0.05)으로 나타난 항목 중 상관계수 0.3 이상을 나타낸 분류군은 규조류의 경우 수온과 총인, 남조류는 수온, pH, DO포화도, COD, 총인, 녹조류는 수온, pH, DO포화도, COD, SS, 총인이었다. 속(genera)별 상관계수 0.3 이상을 나타낸 것은 Aulacoseira속의 경우 총질소와 총인, Anabaena속은 수온, DO포화도, COD, 총인, Microcystis속은 수온, pH, DO포화도, 총인, Coelastrum속은 COD와 SS, Scenedesmus속은 수온, COD, 총질소, 총인, Cryptomonas속은 DO포화도와 총질소였다. 팔당호에서의 남조류 bloom에는 유입량에 의한 1차적인 영향을 제외하면, 수온조건이 인 농도 증가에 의한 영향보다 더 크게 작용한 것으로 사료되었다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2016

PURPOSE : This study attempts to find the effects of water perturbation exercise performed on stroke patients in their physiological cost index and gait ability tests. METHOD : The subjects were 30 stroke patients, water perturbation exercise group was performed 3 day per week, for 40 minutes a day, for a period of eight weeks. The physiological cost index and gait of all subjects were assessed by using the polar, 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT), and 10 meter Walk Test(10mWT) at pre training and post training. Paired t-test was used to analyze change before and after intervention in group. Pearson's correlation was used to analyze correlation of all variables. RESULT : Water perturbation exercise group showed increased physiological cost index. Water perturbation exercise increased gait ability, showing a significant difference. Showing the correlation between the relatively high amount between physiological cost index and 6 minutes walking test. CONCLUSION : From the result of the study, we found that water perturbation exercise was effective in improving physiological cost index and gait ability. The patient is considered to be used by itself to involve the treatment and the risk of falling from the lowered state into the treatment method for the intensive treatment of stroke patients to be useful in improving the cardiovascular system and ability to walk. Through underwater training for stroke patients in the future on the basis of this study it is considered to require additional clinical studies on the impact on daily living and quality of life of stroke patients.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.329-335
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• 1997

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary fiber(DF) levels on the meat quality in colored broiler. Colored broiler were fed on containing corn-soy basal diet(DF 5%) and high level(DF 6,7 and 8%) of dietary fiber diets for 7 weeks. Dietary fiber level of diet was make up by adding some alffalfa meal. Colored broiler meats were stored at 3$\circ$ for 24hr after skaughter, and used to analyze physico-chemical properties. Proximate component, pH, shear force value, myofibril fragmentation index, water holding capacity, cooking loss, protein extractability, fatty acid composition, Hunter's L, a value and palatability of cooked meat were not significantly affected by dietary fiber levels, whereas the Hunter's value of meat was significantly affected bty dietary fiber levels for the final period of feeding. Crude protein content, myofibril fragmentation index, water holding capacity, protein extractability and Hunter's b value of breast meat's were higher than thigh meat's, but crude fat content, pH, shear force value, cooking loss, palmitoleic acid, linolenic acid, and Hunter's a value were lower, regardless of dietary fiber level.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제53권9호
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• pp.671-680
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• 2020

본 연구는 네트워크 접근을 통해 지역 물관리의 구조적 특징과 주요 행위자를 밝히고 지방자치단체 차원의 협력적 물 거버넌스 구축을 위한 함의를 도출한다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 사회연결망분석(social network analysis)을 활용하여 제주특별자치도 물관리 네트워크의 주요 행위자와 이들의 역할 및 관계를 실증적으로 분석하고 소시오그램(sociogram)으로 도식화한다. 연구결과, 제주지역의 행정부서 간 물관리 업무 네트워크와 민·관 정책네트워크(정보 공유 및 협의), 전체 네트워크와 이수 및 수질 영역별 네트워크의 구조적 특징과 중심 행위자가 상이한 것으로 나타났다. 향후 지방자치단체의 협력적 물 거버넌스 구축을 위해서는 이수 및 수질 담당 행정부서 간 협업관계를 개선하고, 공공·민간 부문을 포함한 전체 이해관계자 간 정보 공유 및 협의가 활성화되어야 한다. 이처럼 지역 물관리 이해관계자 간의 공식적·비공식적 네트워크를 관리하기 위한 정책적 노력이 중요하다.