• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.32-38
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• 2003

This study investigates the distribution characteristics and relationship of water quality, and analyzes the spatial and temporal variation and distribution of the pollutant loads at Yeong-il Bay. The results of these analysis, the concentrations of nutrient loads (T-N and T-P), both appeared to be at the maximum value in November, while most small values were taken in May for the T-N, and in August for the T-P. For COD, the maximum concentration was in August, which has much precipitation during the same season, T-N was at the mean, and T-P was at the minimum value. Using the cluster analysis to develop the division of the sea basin by the dendrogram, before and after construction of Pohang New-port, the variation characteristics of water quality of Yeong-il Bay were discussed. The in flowing pollutant loads were transported to the landward by the high-density salinity water volume of the bottom layer therefore, it formed nutrient trap or coastal trapping areas of the pollutant load. By this mechanism, it is clear that the water volume with high-density nutrient exists on both sides of the Pohang New-port. Thus, the sea basins increasing concentration of the pollutant load at Yeong-il Bay are most prevalent at Hyeong-san estuary, the Pohang Old, and New-port. To improve water quality of this sea basin, the reduction of these nutrients loads should be the highest priority.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.7-23
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• 2014

This study estimates unit for the nonpoint source(NPS), classified according to the existing Level-1(large scale) land cover map, by monitoring the measurement results from each Level-2(medium scale) land cover map, and verifies the applicability by comparison with previously calculated units using the Level-1 land cover map. The NPS pollutant loading for a basin is evaluated by applying the NPS pollutant unit to Dongcheon basin using the Level-2 land cover map. In addition, the BASINS/HSPF(Better Assessment Science Integrating point & Non-point Sources/Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran) model is used to evaluate the reliability of the NPS pollutant loading computation by comparing the loading during precipitation in the Dongcheon basin. The NPS pollutant unit for the Level-2 land cover map is computed based on precipitation measured by the Sangju observatory in the Nakdong River basin. Finally, the feasibility of the NPS pollutant loading computation using a BASINS/HSPF model is evaluated by comparing and analyzing the NPS pollutant loading when estimated unit using the Level-2 land cover map and simulated using the BASINS/HSPF models.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2006

The water of rivers and lakes in Korea is the main sources for drinking, industrial and agricultural purposes. However, various pollutants washed-off from watershed area make worse and worse the water quality. Particularly, the changes of land uses in watershed area is the main pollutant sources in many cases in Korea, it is usually called to nonpoint pollution sources. In this reason, the Ministry of Environment are programing the total maximum daily load for four major large rivers in order to improve the water quality by controlling the watershed area. Therefore, this research was performed to estimate the total pollutant input from watershed areas to lakes of Ganwol and Boonam located in Chungnamdo. The AGNPS water quality model and monitoring were used to estimate the pollutant loading rates with unit pollutant concentration of each land use. The main landuse of the research area are forest, wet and dry paddy field and small urban area. The research shows that the pollutant sources in Ganwol and Boonam lakes are from the various landuses. In this manuscripts, the results will provide important informations for mitigating the pollutants to the lakes.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.114-126
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to establish the databases of pollutant sources and water quality measurement data by utilizing GIS, and making the user interface for the management of pollutant sources. Yeongsan Estuarine Lake was formed of a huge levee of 4.35 km constructed by an agricultural reclamation project. Water quality of the reservoir has been degraded gradually, which mainly attributes to increase of point and non-point source pollutant loads from the lake's watershed of 33,374.3 $\textrm{km}^2$ into it. Application of GIS to establishment of the database was researched of pint source such as domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, farm wastes, and fishery wastes, and non-pont source such as residence, rice and upland field, and forest runoffs of the watershed of the lake. NT Acr/Info and ArcView were mainly utilized for the database formation. Land use of the watershed using LANDSAT image data was analyzed for non-point source pollutant load estimation. Pollutant loads from the watershed into the reservoir were calculated using the GIS database and BOD, TN, TP load units of point and non-point sources. Total BOD, TN, TP loads into it reached approximately to 141, 715, 2,094 and 4,743 kg/day respectively. The loads can be used as input parameters for water quality predicting model of it. A user-friendly interface program was developed using Dialog Designer and Avenue Script of AcrView, which can perform spatial analysis of point and non-point sources, calculate pollutant inputs from the sources, update attribute data of them, delete and add point sources, identify locations and volumes of water treatment facilities, and examine water quality data of water sampling points.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.719-746
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• 2014

본 연구는 수질오염물질에 대한 가상적 배출권거래시장을 상정하여 균형배출권가격을 도출함으로써 수질개선에 따른 편익을 추정하려고 시도하였다. 우리나라에서는 낙동강수계를 비롯하여 주요 수계에 수질오염물질 총량관리제도가 실시되고 있다. 사회적으로 바람직스러운 배출총량을 결정함으로써 국민과 정부는 암묵적으로 수질오염물질의 경제적 가치를 결정한 것과 같다고 할 수 있다. 각 지자체별로 수질오염물질 배출상의 제약으로 인하여 희생된 경제적 기회비용이 발생할 것이며 이 기회비용의 크기가 수질오염물질의 경제적 가치이기 때문이다. 이 가상적 배출권거래시장에서의 균형가격을 수질 총량제하의 수계전체의 배출총량과 지자체별 할당에 의하여 암묵적으로 결정된 수질오염물질 배출의 단위당 가치라고 해석할 수 있다. 배출량과 편익의 관계로부터 한계순편익함수를 도출하고 지자체별 배출허용총량을 이용하여 개별배출권 초과수요함수를 구성하여 균형배출권가격을 도출하였다. 추정 결과 배출권시장의 균형배출권가격이 1,409.3원/$kg{\cdot}BOD$으로 추산되었다. 이는 외국의 사례와 비교하여 적정한 수준이라 평가되며 이러한 배출권가격은 수질 오염물질의 단위당 경제적 가치를 산정하여 수질변화를 수반하는 사업의 B/C분석에 직접적으로 이용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 도시과학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2021

In this study, to evaluate the characteristics of the pollution in the major inflow tributaries and major environmental facilities in the watershed of Ara waterway, An inflow flow rate measurement and water quality analysis were conducted during dry and rainy seasons. In addition, the flow rate measurement, water quality analysis, and pollutant load at each monitoring point were compared and evaluated. Influx of BOD5, T-P and T-N into the tributaries of the ARA waterway watershed, excluding the Gulpo river watershed, during dry season were only 0.007%, 0.005% and 0.004% respectively of the incoming loads in the entire ARA waterway basin. In addition, it was confirmed that the discharge pollutant loads during rainfall event was about 440 times more for BOD5, about 545 times on T-P, and about 23 times on T-N in comparison to the pollutant loads during the dry days. When the Gulhyeon rubber dam was deflated, the discharged pollutant load during a rainfall was higher than the estimated load at the G7 monitoring point because the deposited pollutants from the upstream riverbed flowed down. Therefore, during a rainy season, it is necessary to manage the influx of high-load water pollutants from the overflow and deflation of the Gulhyun rubber dam as well as to find a strategy to reduce the pollutant loads in the Gulpo river watershed.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.5-11
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• 1996

The more accurate estimation of the pollutant loadings from nonpoint source is needed to evaluate water quality of water resources such as river and reservoir. Therefore this study was performed to grasp the scale and characteristics of pollutant. In this study, STORM model was applied to I-cheon district to estimate runoff and pollutant loading of SS, BOD, T-N and $PO_4-P$. The results estimated by STORM model were fitted well to surveyed water quality in flow, SS and BOD. The annual loadings were estimated to be 36,463 kg/$km^3$/yr of SS, 8,090 kg/$km^3$/yr of BOD, 4,435 kg/$km^3$/yr of T-N and 358 kg/$km^3$/yr of $PO_4-P$. It was also found that the monthly pollutant loadings of SS, BOD, $PO_4-P$ were greatest in May and T-N in April.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.667-679
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• 2011

In this study, the influences of pollutant from Dae-po Stream and So-gam Stream located at the downstream of Nak-dong River on the water quality at Mul-geum water intake station were analyzed using RAMS model. Field measurements of velocity by ADCP, and water quality distribution of BOD and TP by water sampling were carried out to present the input and verification data for numerical simulations. The comparison between RAM2 and ADCP measurement, which aimed for the analysis of 2-D velocity distribution around Mul-geum water intake station showed that two results matched well along the spanwise direction. The prediction of pollutant concentration by RAM4 agreed fairly well with the measured data except for the points nearby right banks in the vicinity of tributary pollutant source. Flushing effect by the increase of mainstream discharge in Nak-dong River was analyzed to provide the damage mitigation in preparation for the accidental water pollution. With increasing mainstream discharge, high velocity and increased water quantity induced increasing dilution effect, thereby decreasing the inflow pollutant concentration rapidly.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.91-102
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• 2006

Most projects of tideland reclamation with dike construction produce estuarine reservoirs, which may result in water quality problems due to blocking of natural flow of stream water to the sea. External loadings to the reservoirs through tributaries are major concerns in a concerned water quality management. The water quality of a reservoir is greatly influenced by watershed drainage, and accurate estimation of pollutant is indispensable for in the reservoir management. Concentrations of the microorganisms in stream water and conventional parameters were monitored in the 13 water quality monitoring sites located in a rural watershed of Hwaong estuarine reservoir. The indicator of microorganisms showed strong correlation between them, and regression equations with $R^2\geq0.70$ may be used fur estimating one from other microorganisms. The relationships between water quality parameters obtained in this study may be used to infer one unknown pollutant concentrations from the measured pollutant loadings. This methodology could be applied to other areas where the watershed characteristics are not significantly different from the study area. High concentrations of nitrogen was observed in water quality monitoring sites affected by urban land uses and numbers of livestock in wet day as well as dry day, due to the influent of diffuse sources.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.299-306
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of water quality in Jeju harbor and to estimate pollutant loadings discharged into Jeju Harbor. To know characteristics of water quality in Jeju harbor, and pollutant loadings of Sanzi river, we have investigated from August, 2000 to May, 2001. The results showed that the concentrations of COD, DIN and DIP were in the range of 1.00∼4.85 mg/L (mean 2.15 mg/L), 2.14∼74.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$-at/L(mean 12.20 $\mu\textrm{g}$-at/L) and 0.52∼4.00 $\mu\textrm{g}$-at/L(mean 1.18 $\mu\textrm{g}$-at/L), respectively. These values were under III class of seawater quality criteria. The ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was lower than 16 except for Station 1 in Jeju harbor. Therefore, nitrogen was playing an important role in phytoplankton growth as limiting factor in Jeju harbor. The mean values of eutrophication index were exceeding 1, which was the eutrophication criteria. The results of estimating pollutant loadings at Sanzi river are 0.30 ton/day for COD, 300 kg/day for DIN and 18.0 kg/day for DIP, respectively.