• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제50권7호
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• pp.503-511
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• 2017

수자원 계획 및 운영을 위한 수요량을 추정하는데 있어, 실제 이용 추세를 반영한 생활용수나 공업용수와 달리 농업용수는 용수공급시설의 규모를 결정하기 위한 방법론이 주로 적용되어 왔다. 이는 불가피하게 농업용수의 과다추정으로 이어질 수 있으며, 전체 수자원 계획의 관점에서 각 용도별 용수 수급계획의 불균형을 초래할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 방법론과 비교하여 순물소모량 개념의 접근방법의 차이에 대해 고찰하였으며, 이를 제주도 전역에 적용하여 농업용수 수요량 특성을 분석하였다. 수요량 산정에 핵심적인 인자인 증발산량의 정확한 추정을 위하여 SWAT 모형을 적용하고, 제주도 지역의 지형 및 기상, 유출, 물이용 특성을 반영한 유역 모델링을 수행하였으며, 기존 물수지 결과와 비교하여 모델링 자료의 신뢰성을 평가하였다. 과거기간(1992~2013년)에 대해 제주도 전체의 수요량은 연간 427 mm로 분석되었으며, 동부와 서부 해안지역을 중심으로 상대적으로 높은 수요량을 나타내었다. 유역면적 $30km^2$ 이상인 10개 하천유역에 대해서도 연평균 수요량 및 계절별 변화 특성을 분석하였다. 또한, 장래 2020년 지역별 작물재배면적을 적용하여 10년 빈도 가뭄에 대응한 수요량을 산정한 결과 기존 제시된 수요량 대비 54% 수준으로 나타났다. 이는 수요량 산정목적에 따른 접근방법의 차이로 인해서 나타난 결과로서, 수자원 관리 및 운영의 관점에서 보면 순물소모량만큼의 추가적인 수요가 예상되지만, 실제 공급의 관점에서는 기존 수요량만큼의 시설계획이 필요하다고 판단할 수 있다. 본 연구에서 적용된 방법론 및 결과의 실무 활용을 위해서는 공학적인 검증은 물론이고 정책적 제도적인 측면에서의 합리적인 논의가 필요할 것이다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) predicted that recent extreme hydrological events would affect water quality and aggravate various forms of water pollution. To analyze changes in water quality due to future climate change, input data (precipitation, average temperature, relative humidity, average wind speed and sunlight) were established using the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 8.5 climate change scenario suggested by the AR5 and calculated the future runoff for each target period (Reference:1989-2015; I: 2016-2040; II: 2041-2070; and III: 2071-2099) using the semi-distributed land use-based runoff processes (SLURP) model. Meteorological factors that affect water quality (precipitation, temperature and runoff) were inputted into the multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA) and artificial neural network (ANN) models to analyze water quality data, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), total nitrogen (T-N) and total phosphorus (T-P). Future water quality prediction of the Anseongcheon River basin shows that DO at Gongdo station in the river will drop by 35% in autumn by the end of the $21^{st}$ century and that BOD, COD and SS will increase by 36%, 20% and 42%, respectively. Analysis revealed that the oxygen demand at Dongyeongyo station will decrease by 17% in summer and BOD, COD and SS will increase by 30%, 12% and 17%, respectively. This study suggests that there is a need to continuously monitor the water quality of the Anseongcheon River basin for long-term management. A more reliable prediction of future water quality will be achieved if various social scenarios and climate data are taken into consideration.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제53권12호
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• pp.1131-1142
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 농업용수 공급계획 및 수리시설설계에 적용하기 위한 논벼 수요량 추정에 있어서 증발산량 산정 방법을 농업용수 공급량을 기반으로 평가해 보았다. 증발산량 산정 방법은 기존의 논벼 수요량에 적용 되어온 Modifeid-Penman (MP) 방법과 최근에 농촌진흥청에서 작물계수 개발에 적용한 Penman-Monteith (PM) 방법이 고려되었다. 호남지역 한국농어촌공사 관할지구를 선정하여 기상특성을 분석하고, MP 방법과 PM 방법에 의한 논벼 수요량을 산정하여 현장의 용수 공급량과 비교분석하여 증발산량의 적용성을 평가해 보았다. 대상지구의 기상특성은 30년 기간 연평균 및 논벼 생육기간 평균기온은 증가하고 연평균 강우량과 논벼 생육기간 강우량은 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 기상특성은 증발산량 산정과 논벼 수요량 결과에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 파악되었다. 두 증발산량 산정방법 적용에 의한 수요량 결과 비교분석에서 MP 방법에 의한 논벼 수요량이 PM 방법 보다 더 높게 산정되는 경향을 보였으며, 농업용수 공급량과의 비교분석에서 MP 방법이 PM 방법 보다 더 적은 격차를 나타내었다. 따라서 현장여건이 반영된 농업용수 공급량 기반 평가에서 논벼 수요량 산정에 MP 방법을 적용하는 것이 농업용수 관리계획 및 용수공급 안정성 확보에 유리할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경생태학회 2003년도 추계학술논문발표회 논문집
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• pp.23-29
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• 2003

It has been declared in 1992 at Rio about the management of united water control and method of the management of the water resources at the water basin. And it was also mentioned about the protection of fresh water's quality and it's supply under chapter the 18th of the agenda 21. It has been 10years passed after Rio declaration, and water crisis Is getting more serious than before. Fairly, right for using water resources was given to every life as the public resources. But at the last world water forum, water was commercialized, and regulated as the basic requirement not basic right. Therefore, we could use the water according to the logic of supply and demand at the market, and with money. Furthermore, construction of the big dam which was build to solve the problem of the lack of water became one of problems for water control. Korea is keeping consistent policy such as providing water by the building of dam. Control of the water demand is the most basic and effective policy for the preservation of water resources. If we change the policy such as the construction of the dam, we should put the management of the water demand in the center with the reliable philosophy. United management of the river basin has to be made with the security of water, improvement of water quality, and protection of the ecological side each other. Management of water basin also has to be completed to solve the trouble caused by using water conflict people who live up and down stream. To maintain the good quality of water, management of water basin is necessary. Also, bottom line of the united management of water basin is voluntary involvement of every citizens and local community. We suggest to preserve the origin of river and the upper at the ecological side. It is worth it to preserve.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.1141-1148
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• 2013

가정용수의 용도별 사용량은 주거형태, 거주자 생활양식, 주택구조 등의 내부적인 요인과 온도, 날씨, 수도요금 등과 같은 외부요인들의 영향을 받게 된다. 장기적으로는 거주민의 생활양식, 주거형태, 수도관련 시설의 변화에 따라 사용량이 점진적으로 변화하게 되며, 단기적으로는 기온이나 가뭄과 같은 기후조건이나 절수정책과 같은 인위적인 영향에 의해 사용량이 크게 변화하기도 한다. 본 연구에서는 가정에서 사용하고 있는 변기 및 세탁기 용수의 물 사용량 특성을 파악하기 위하여 전국을 대상으로 실측자료를 모니터링하고 각 사용량의 기준이 되는 원단위 (${\ell}pcd$; liter per capita day)를 도출하였으며 향후 가정용수 사용량 예측을 위하여 변기 및 세탁기 용수를 대상으로 오차항이 자기상관을 따르는 시계열 회귀모형을 이용하였다. 분석결과, 자기회귀오차 모형으로 변기 및 세탁기 용수의 사용량을 71% 정도 설명할 수 있다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2010년도 학술발표회
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• pp.447-451
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• 2010

It is quite important for manufacturing firms to stably secure water, because industrial water is used for a variety of purposes as one of the important inputs in the production process. Despite the significance of industrial water use and the increase of industrial water demand, relatively little has studied regarding the industrial water use in Korea. This paper employs the marginal productivity approach in order to estimate the economic value of water in Korean manufacturing industry, and we use the information of 53,912 factories surveyed in 2003. The result of the likelihood ratio test shows that Trans-log is an appropriate model for estimating the data of this study. In Trans-log function model, the industry-wide output elasticity of water is 0.0104, and the marginal value is KRW 1,156 per ton. The estimated values differ across the sectors and these values range from the high value of about KRW 13,760 per ton in the transportation equipment sector to low values of KRW 428 per ton in the precision instrument sector. The research provides useful information to help policy-makers in developing and implementing more appropriate policies regarding the management and distribution of water resources by estimating the value of water resources by sector. In addition, Korean government enables the drafting of future water pricing scenarios based on the estimated value information.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.864-869
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• 2007

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2012

This this study was conducted with the aim of doing experiment on the effect of water purification by using an artificially built plant island, which is one of the eco-techniques, and aquatic plants as a plan for the reuse of water for obtaining water resources, thereby analyzing the removed quantity, and applying the experimental results to the reuse of water. As a result of doing experiments, this study obtained a good measured value of BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) 4.7mg/L, and COD (chemical oxygen demand) 7.2mg/L below the heavy water standard of BOD 10mg/L and COD 20mg/L, respectively. The chromaticity showed 89.2% removal efficiency, but final treated wastewater was found to show chromaticity 58 degrees exceeding chromaticity 20 degrees which are the water quality standard of the reuse of water. The results revealed that T-N produced 27% removal efficiency on an average while T-P produced 38% removal efficiency on an average, showing that the removal effect of N & P wasn't big. According to the currently enforced "Water Quality Standard of Heavy Water by Use", the use of water for sprinkling and landscaping was found to be available. Accordingly, this study suggested a nature-friendly, economically-efficient, and eco-technological water treatment technique which will make it possible to overcome the limit of the existing physio-chemical water treatment technology, reduce the costs for maintenance and facilities, and also reduce the limit of space restraint for installation of facilities.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.395-404
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• 2019

The point-of-use water dispenser systems are widely used because of convenience in handling and demand for high-quality drinking water. The application has been increased recently in the public places such as department stores, universities and the rest areas in express ways. Improvement of water qualities by the dispenser systems was compared with tap water in this study. The tap water is supplied to the dispenser as the influent of the dispenser system. The twelve dispensers in the public places were used. The five dispensers used reverse osmosis as the main filter and other dispensers used various filters such as ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and alumina filter. The water quality indicators for sanitation safety, i.e., turbidity and total coliforms, were evaluated. Other water qualities such as pH, residual chlorine, heterotrophic plate count (HPC), and total cell counts were also analyzed. By the point-of-use water dispenser, the turbidity, residual chlorine and pH were decreased and the HPC and total cell counts were increased. The t-test results revealed that the HPC of the tap waters were not significantly different from the treated waters but the total cell counts of the two groups were significantly different. The low pH of the RO filter treatment was also significantly different from the tap waters. This study will contribute to understand the role of the point-of-use water dispenser in improving water quality and to identify key water quality for the proper maintenance of the dispenser systems.

• 센서학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.140-146
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• 2023

Water quality is crucial for human health and the environment. Accurate measurement of the quantity of organic carbon in water is essential for water quality evaluation, identification of water pollution sources, and appropriate implementation of water treatment measures. Total organic carbon (TOC) analysis is an important tool for this purpose. Although other methods, such as chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) are also used to measure organic carbon in water, they have limitations that make TOC analysis a more favorable option in certain situations. For example, COD requires the use of toxic chemicals, and BOD is time-consuming and can produce inconsistent and unreliable results. In contrast, TOC analysis is rapid and reliable, providing accurate measurements of organic carbon content in water. However, common methods for TOC analysis can be complex and energy-intensive because of the use of high-temperature heaters for liquid-to-gas phase transitions and the use of acid, which present safety risks. This study focuses on a TOC analysis method using TiO₂ photocatalysis, which has several advantages over conventional TOC analysis methods, including its low cost and easy maintenance. For TiO₂, rutile and anatase powders are mixed with an inorganic binder and spray-coated onto a glass fiber substrate. The TiO₂ powder and inorganic binder solutions are adjusted to optimize the photocatalytic reaction performance. The TiO₂ photocatalysis method is a simple and low-power approach to TOC analysis, making it a promising alternative to commonly used TOC analysis methods. This study aims to contribute to the development of more efficient and cost-effective approaches for water quality analysis and management by exploring the effectiveness and reliability of the developed equipment.