• Title/Summary/Keyword: Water chemistry

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Long Chain Dicationic Phase Transfer Catalysts in the Condensation Reactions of Aromatic Aldehydes in Water Under Ultrasonic Effect

  • Esen, Ilker;Yolacan, Cigdem;Aydogan, Feray
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.31 no.8
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    • pp.2289-2292
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    • 2010
  • Long chain dicationic ammonium salts were used successfully as phase transfer catalyst in the condensation reactions of aromatic aldehydes in water under ultrasonic irradiation for the first time. The quaternary salt having longer distance between the cation centers was more effective than the mono- and dicationic ones having short chain.

Hydrolysis of Penicillin G and Carbenicillin in Pure Water - As Studied by HPLC/ESI-MS

  • Kolek, Marta;Franski, Rafal;Franska, Magdalena
    • Mass Spectrometry Letters
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.108-111
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    • 2019
  • The hydrolysis of penicillin G, carbenicillin and ampicillin in pure water at room temperature was studied by high pressure liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Hydrolysis of ampicillin did not occur under these conditions; however, penicillin G and carbenicillin were completely hydrolyzed after seven days. A short interpretation of this difference is proposed. The mass spectrometric behaviour, namely ESI response and fragmentation pathway, of hydrolyzed penicillin G and hydrolyzed carbenicillin have been also discussed.

SITE-DIRECTED MUTATION STUDY ON HYPERTHERMOSTABILITY OF RUBREDOXIN FROM PYROCOCCUS FURIOSUS USING MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS IN WATER

  • Jung, Dong-Hyun;Kang, Nam-Sook;Jhon, Mu-Shik
    • Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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    • 1996.07a
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    • pp.21-21
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    • 1996
  • The hyperthermostable protein, rubredoxin from Pyrococcus furiosus is 53-residue protein with a three-stranded anti-parallel $\beta$-sheet and several loops. To investigate the effect of changes of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions on the structure and dynamic property of P. furiosus rubredoxin, molecular dynamics simulations in water were performed on three mesophilic rubredoxins, P, furiosus rubresoxin, and 5 mutants of P. furiosus rubredoxin. (omitted)

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