• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.895-902
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• 2010

The effect of seasonality on water quality variation is very significant. Generally, it reduce the power of the trend extraction. A parametric time-series model was used for detecting trends in historic constituent concentration data. The effect of seasonality is able to remove from time series decomposition technique. According to such statistic methode, long-term water quality trend analysis system (NTrend 1.0) was developed by Nakdong River Water Environmental Research Center. The trend analysis of BOD variation was conducted with NTrend 1.0 at Goreong and Moolkum site in Nakdong river to show the effect of water quality management action plan. Power test of trend extraction was tried each case of 'deseasonalized and deannulized' data and 'deseasonalized' data. Analysis period was from 1989 to 2006, and it's period was divided again three times, 1989~1993, 1994~1999 and 2000~2006 according to action plan period. The BOD trend was downward in Goreong site during three times and it's trend slope was very steep, and upward in Moolkum during 1989~1993, but it was turned downward during 1994~1999 and 2000~2006. It was revealed that it's very effective to reduce the concentration of BOD by water quality management action plan in that watershed. The result of power test was shown that it is high for trend extraction power in case of 'deseasonalized' data.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was conducted to measure the antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of water- and ethanol-extracts from Betula platyphylla var. japonica, Punica granatum and Rhus javanica against various species of anaerobic bacteria. Methods : In order to evaluate the antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of water- and ethanol-extracts, DPPH radical scavenging and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities were measured in various species such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Propionibacterium acnes that induce skin inflammation. Also the total amount of phenol in each water- and ethanol-extract was measured to identify its role in the antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of water- and ethanol-extracts from Betula platyphylla var. japonica, Punica granatum and Rhus javanica. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was measured by confirming the lowest concentrations in disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests. Results : It was observed that RJE (Rhus javanica-EtOH extracts) show the highest content of total phenol. In addition, for RJE the total phenol content was higher from samples taken from domestic sources than from samples taken from foreign sources. DPPH radical scavenging activity was increased by treatment with PGE (Punica granatum-EtOH extracts), RJE and RJW (Rhus javanica-water extracts). It was observed that SOD-like activity was highest in the treatment with PGE. All of the extracts showed antimicrobial activity on S. epidermidis, S. aureus, P. acnes and E. coli, including those from Punica granatum, and it was noted that the activity was higher with RJE than with RJW. Conclusions : These results provide evidence that ethanol extracts of Punica granatum and Rhus javanica may have a beneficial role as antioxidants and antibiotics. Extracts from domestic samples of Betula platyphylla var japonica appeared to have a greater efficacy than extracts from foreign samples.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1993년도 Proceedings of International Conference for Agricultural Machinery and Process Engineering
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• pp.217-226
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• 1993

As results of not selecting and using farm well pump properly , it's running regime is far away from high efficient zone and running efficiency of farm well pump is lower. The paper analyses unhealthy tendencies of technical state of diving-electric pump, deep well and centrifugal pump which are commonly used in our country. The paper also summarizes several technical innovation plans to raise efficiency : stage change plan, diameter change plan, speed change plan and synthetic technical innovation . Each plan gives a detailed introduction of designing and construction manners, through practical measuring , the synthetic efficiency of innovated well pumps raise above 30 percent. Economic benefit is evident.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2020

With growing expectations for economic cooperation between the two Koreas, there is much interest in participating in the construction of infrastructure in North Korea. In particular, water and sewage infrastructure is the four major social infrastructures in addition to housing, transportation, electricity and telecommunications. North Korea is known to have severe water pollution and ecosystem destruction in major rivers, water pollution and soil pollution in mining areas are serious, and water and sewage infrastructures in cities other than Pyongyang are known to be weak. Preemptive investment in water supply and drainage in North Korea is the foundation for securing the quality of life of the North Korean and is the foundation of public health and industry. It is a leading investment to reduce the cost of unification and is a new growth engine for the water reloded industry. In this study, we proposed a plan to exchange and cooperate in water environment for building water infrastructure of North Korea by examining the data related to water quality, water resources, water disaster, related legal system and human resources exchange situations in North Korea.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2001

Through the harmony of natural and artificial systems a city is composed of, the ecology-oriented urban planning seeks for qualitative improvements of a city on which our life is based. To enhance the ecology-oriented urban planning, the followings are suggested by a comparative analysis of Korea with Germany regarding the development process, the instruments, and the establishment of indicators for the planning. Firstly, though our national land development plan is closely connected with B-plan, it has little to do with the natural environment. Moreover, the natural environment plan of the Ministry of Environment is almost impossible to carry out in terms of urban construction work. For this reason, the instrument for dealing with the development and environment plan systems together as well as the completion of the current plan system is needed for the ecologically acceptable urban development in the long term. Secondly, in order to realize what is mentioned above in the concrete it seems to be desirable for the system and the instrument to be devised at the extent of B-plan. The regulations of the plan should have strong legal binding force and practicality as well. The element of ecology-oriented urban planning are (1) degree of independence and appropriate density, (2) conservation of natural elements such as soil, water, animals and plants etc., (3) energy saving in land use, (4) activation of B-plan and inducement of active participation of residents. Thirdly, it will be useful to develop various kinds of indicators for the environment plan provided in advance so that the ecology-oriented urban developments may be under control. It also should be taken into consideration that the indicators are supposed to be comprehensive, representative, and practical enough to make the most of at the early stage of drawing up a plan. The kinds of indicators which can be used in the ecology-oriented urban development include (1) soil, (2) water, (3) vegetation and plants, (4) animals, (5) climate, and (6) transportation.

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.303-312
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• 1998

It is necessary to quantitatively asses the influence of tidal currents to analysis the coastal current patterns before or after constructing offshore structures like as breakwaters. This assesment can be made through the use of simulation models designed to reproduce the water movements of the area. And it is very important to predict a phenomenon of pollutant dispersion in the area. In this study, in order to predict the changes of sea water quality for the port development plan, Ilgwang harbour, located at the east coast of Pusan, the numerical computations were carried out. The flow patterns were investigated before and after the development of the harbour bay and coastal area connected on it. The computational models are an extension of earlier work on the flow which used the ADI Method (Alternating Direction Implicit Method) in appling to Osaka Bay by KANEKO et al. The transport of pollutant constituents depends upon the currental characteristics of the water-transporting medium. In the currental flow model, water velocities and water levels are computed throughout the regions of it. These value are then used in the mass-balance equation to obtain the pollutant-constituent transport. As a result of this research, the present water quality of Ilgwang harbour and the coastal areas connected on it was proved out some good condition. The changes of sea water quality due to the port development plan of the Ilgwang habour bay and the coastal area were not large compared with the present condition, but it will be likely able to get worse by increasing the semi-enclosed areas in the harbour bay. In order to improve the water quality of the area after development, the method to activate tidal exchange in the area can be needed, as a mitigation technique.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.122-131
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• 1999

Indoor environments are usually less than optimal for the growth of ferns, especially in regards to the water condition. These studies were performed to investigate responses involved in causing growth of ferns and presume management plan against the water deficit under indoor conditions. The effect of air humidity and soil moisture on the ferns was examined in Adiantume raddianum and Selaginella kraussiana. Results of experiments are as follows; 1. Under a low humidity condition, having a 25-50% RH. ornamental value of ferns decreased much more than under a 90% RH. Under a low soil moisture, such as sand treatment, ornamental value of ferns also decreased. 2. Leaf chlorophyll content, water content and stomata situations increased as air humidity and soil moisture went up. 3. Even if air humidity and soil water were not enough for ferns growth, the extending of irrigation cycle was helpful. 4. Under extremely low air humidity conditions, some water management, namely, using water holding soil or extending of irrigation cycle was desirable. Other methods of increasing air humidity, including water instruments such as ornamental pools, waterfalls, or fountains, grouping plants together were also helpful. But spraying water on leaves increased injury to ferns growth because of excess evaporation from the leaves. Though these studies, we learn that ferns are susceptible to water condition such as air humidity, soil water and water management. If other environmental factos are maintained with optimal conditions, water condition plays an important role in ferns growth in indoor environments.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.12-23
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• 2008

This study has a purpose of setting applicable ecological environment plan items when establishing city development plan. To achieve this purpose, multiple methods of data gathering, documentary surveys, and questionaries research were used in this study. The main findings of this study can be summarized as follows; 1. The appliance of ecological environment plan is appropriate to apply before the establishment of development plan. 2. The items applicable to ecological environment plan establishment step by step is the following. First, it is necessary to prepare the environment improvement plan and ecology restoration on the stage of assigning the area. Second, on the stage of planning development plan, it is required to set the restoration plan of ecological resources and step by step ecological environment plan. Third, on the stage of plan implementation, it is required to set the maintenance guide on ecological environment. 3. The planning items of ecological environment plan are "geographical features and soil", "water resource", "wind resource", "green resource", "circulation of resource", "usage of nature energy" and "habitats", etc. 4. To apply ecological environment plan to the planning of development, it is necessary to specify the clear concepts and specific plan. 5. This study is limited to select generalized planning items and later on, it is necessary to develop detailed planning contents.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2020

This study assessed the reliability of the agricultural water supply based on future climate change scenarios, and suggested plans to improve the reliability in order to promote the adaptability of irrigation water in agricultural reservoirs to climate change. The assessment of agricultural water supply reliability was performed on reservoirs which had a lower water quantity than their design basis and which had recently been subject to drought. In other words, from the irrigation districts of main intake works among the reservoirs managed by the Korea Rural Community Corporation, 1~2 districts in each province-that is, a total of 13 districts -that were recently designated as a district for securing agricultural water (drought prevention district) were selected. Climate change scenarios were applied to the selected districts to analyze their future water supply reliability compared to the current level. All districts selected showed a drought frequency of 4 years or shorter, which demonstrated the need to establish climate change response plans. As plans for responding to climate change, a plan that utilizes supplemental intake works to reduce the area of the irrigation districts of main intake works, and another one that increases the capacity of main intake works were adopted to reanalyze their water supply reliability. When the area of the irrigation districts of main intake works was reduced by about 30~40%, the drought frequency dropped to more than 10 years, securing the reliability of water supply. To secure the reliability by increasing the capacity of main intake works, it was calculated that about 19,000~2,400,000 tons need to be added to each reservoir. In addition, climate change response plans were suggested to improve the reliability of the water supply in each district based on the results of economic analysis.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2009

수량과 수질에 관한 정보는 수자원 관리뿐만 아니라 수공구조물의 계획, 설계 및 운영에 필수적인 자료로 활용된다. 우리나라에서 수량과 수질에 대한 정보는 목적에 따라 여러 기관에 의해 관측되고 있어 많은 문제점이 발생하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기술적 측면과 법, 제도 측면에서 수량과 수질 연계방안에 대하여 다음과 같은 다양한 대안을 제시하였다. 먼저 국가수문관측계획 및 국가물정보관리계획, 부처간 관측 표준과 정보인증 과정에 대한 협의, 관련 법령(하천법과 수질관련법)의 개정이 필요하다. 또한 현재 설치되어 있는 수량 수질관측소를 유지하고 신규관측소나 교체해야 할 관측소에 대해서는 통합관측을 수행하며, 자료의 관리 및 유통에 대한 단일 기구를 설립해야 한다. 그리고 관측기준을 명확히 확립해야 하며, 통합관리안을 만족시키기 위해 각 부처별로 산재된 정보를 중앙집중식으로 자료 관리를 수행해야 한다. 마지막으로 각 부처별 자료의 신뢰도 및 자료품질에 대한 검증이 우선적으로 수행되어야 한다. 다양한 이해관계 때문에 단기간 내에 수량과 수질 연계관측에 관한 문제들을 해결한다는 것은 어려운 일이나 본 연구에서 도출된 법, 제도, 기술적 제안사항들은 중, 장기적으로 수량과 수질 관측의 효율적인 연계방안에 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.