• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.633-638
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• 1998

Fibrionolytic activity(FA) of kimchi in rat and FAs of water and methanol extracts of kimchi ingredient were determined using fibrin plate method to see where the active principles for FA are present in kimchi. Nine Sprague-Dawley per each group were fed diet containing 3, 5 or 10% of freeze dried kimchi for 6 weeks. The FA of plasma obtained from 10% kimchi group showed stronger FA than that of control. FAs of 3 and 5% kimchi group were not noticeable. FA from methanol extract of kimchi was approximately 6 times higher than that from water extract assuming that the active material may be present in a fat soluble fraction. From water extract of kimchi ingredients, dropwort, green onion, radish and baechu showed FA in descending order. And from methanol extracts, red pepper powder, radish, green onion and baechu showed FA in decending order. The Fa of methanol extract of red pepper powder was the most noticeable among samples.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.481-487
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 다양한 기능성을 가지는 저령을 80% methanol로 추출한 후 그 농축액을 ehyl acetate와 water로 순차 분획하고, 각 분획물을 이용하여 인간유래 위암세포인 SNU668의 생장 저해 효과와 항산화 효과 및 각종 위장질환의 원인균으로 보고된 H. pylori에 대한 항균활성을 조사하였다. 인간유래의 위암세포인 SNU668에 대한 저해 효과는 methanol fraction 1 mg/$m\ell$의 농도에서 가장 강한 암세포 저해 활성을 보였고, water fraction 1 mg/$m\ell$의 농도에서는 43.9%의 저해 활성을 보였다. 그러나 ethyl acetate fraction에서는 23.7%로 비교적 낮은 저해율을 보였다. 반면에, 성인 남성의 정상 임파구는 분획종류에 관계없이 모두 90% 이상의 높은 생존율을 보였다. 한편, 저령 추출물의 항산화 효과는 생존을 75.2%를 보인 methanol 추출물이 43.7%의 생존율을 보인 water 분획물 보다 높았고, ethyl acetate 분획물은 항산화 효과 역시 가장 낮게 나타났다. H. pylori에 대한 저령의 항균활성은 1mg/disk의 농도에서 80% methanol 추출물 및 모든 분획물에서 H. priori에 대해 항균활성을 나타냈으며, 그중 water 분획물이 12mm의 inhibition zone을 형성하여 가장 우수한 항균활성을 보였다. Methanol 추출물과 ethyl acetate 분획물은 각각 11 및 9.5 mm의 inhibition zone을 형성하였다. H. pylori로부터 분리된 urease의 활성은 urea broth에서의흡광도와 pH의 변화를 조사한 결과, 23$^{\circ}C$에서 반응 1시간 동안 560 nm에서의 흡광도가 0에서 0.93까지 증가하였으며, pH는 7.0으로부터 8.1까지의 증가를 보였다. H.pylori로부터 분리된 urease의 활성은 80% methanol 추출물과 모든 분획물에 의해 억제되었으며, 각 분획물의 억제능은 항균실험 결과와 유사한 유형으로서 역시 10mg/$m\ell$의 농도에서 1시간 후 55%의 억제를 보인 water분획물의 억제능이 가장 우수했다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.518-521
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• 2004

이상계 용매시스템을 이용하여 물질을 고순도로 대량 분리 할 수 있는 기술인 countercurrent chromatography를 이용하여 인삼으로부터 생리황성 성분인 saponin을 대량 분리 농축하였다. 용매 조성별 인삼 saponin의 분배계수에 따른 인삼 saponin 분리에 적합한 용매시스템은 chloroform/methanol/water(40/39/21, v/v/v)으로 결정되었으며 HSCCC의 작동 조건은 chloroform/methanol/water 용매시스템의 하층부를 이동상으로 한 head to tail mode에서 이동상의 유속 5mL/min, 인삼추출물 injection량 $200{\mu}L$, 컬럼회전속도 800 rpm의 조건이 적합한 것으로 판단되었다. 이러한 조건하에서 분리된 인삼saponin의 양은 $550.7{\mu}g$으로 HSCCC에 주입한 인삼 추출물 $200{\mu}L$중에 존재하는 총 saponin의 양 $865.5{\mu}g$에 비교하여 전체 수율은 63.6%로 나타났으며 TLC로 각 분획의 순도를 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.46-49
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• 2009

4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO)와 N-methyl-N-nitro-N'-nitrosoguanidinein (MNNG)에 의해 유도된 돌연변이원성에 대한 결명자 물 추출물의 억제효과를 E. coli PQ37 이용한 SOS Chromotest법으로 검색하였다. $100{\mu}g$/assay 농도에서 4-NQO와 MNNG의 변이원성에 대한 결명자 물 추출물의 변이원성 억제 효과는 27.5 및 40%로 나타났다. 결명자 물 추출물을 메탄을 가용성 부분과 메탄을 불용성 부분으로 분리하여 4-NQO와 MNNG의 변이원성에 대한 억제효과를 검색한 결과 메탄을 가용성 부분이 더 강한 효과를 나타내었다. 따라서 결명자 메탄을 가용성 부분을 에틸아세테이트, 부탄을 그리고 물로 각각 분획하여, 4-NQO 및 MNNG에 대한 돌연변이 억제효과를 검색한 결과 물 분획물은 각각 19.0, 및 23.0% 억제효과로 가장 강하게 나타내었으며, MNNG의 변이원성에 대한 억제효과가 4-NQO의 변이원성에 대한 억제효과보다 더 강하게 나타남을 확인하였다. 결명자 열수추출물의 메탄을 가용성부분의 물 분획물의 농도를 assay당 1.0, 10, 100 및 $250{\mu}g$으로 증가시켰을 경우, 항돌연변이 효과는 각각 8.0%, 12.0%, 25.5%및 43.0%로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로부터, 결명자 물 분획물은 MNNG의 변이원성에 대하여 용량 의존적 억제효과를 나타냄을 확인하였다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.236.1-236.1
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• 2012

We conducted simultaneous 22GHz water maser and 44GHz class I methanol maser surveys of newly-identified 282 H2 emission features from the $2.122{\mu}m$ H2 narrowband image survey in the Galactic plane (UWISH2 project) using Korea VLBI Network (KVN) 21-m radio telescopes. We detected 16 and 13 new water and methanol maser sources, respectively. This result indicates that at least ~5% of the H2 emission features originate from young stellar objects (YSOs) that are in the right physical condition to produce the water and methanol masers. The masers are closely related to the current outflow activities in the Galactic plane. The power sources of these 23 diffused/collimated H2 emission features (six sources are detected for both masers) are likely to be intermediate-to high-mass YSOs, based on a comparison with the maser luminosities of other well-studied YSOs. Both maser velocities are mostly close to their own systemic velocities within 5 km/s, even though water masers generally show larger variabilities in the line intensities, velocities, and shapes than methanol masers. We also discovered three new water maser sources with high-velocity components: ~25 km/s red-shifted CMHO019, ~50 km/s blue-shifted CMHO132, and ~120 km/s blue-shifted CMHO182. In particular, we propose that the dominant blue-shifted water maser of CHMO182 could become a unique laboratory for the study of high-mass stellar jet and their accelerations.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1265-1272
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• 2011

In this study, the extraction characteristics of soluble solid from Rumex crispus(Curled dock) was studied from the investigation of the effects of experimental conditions on extraction rate; extraction ratio, composition of extractants, extraction time and pH of extractant, etc. The proximate composition of Rumex crispus was 2.58% crude lipid, 5.59% crude protein, 7.39% crude ash, 6.13% moisture and 78.31% carbohydrate, respectively. Turbidity of extract by distilled water was higher and increased with extraction time and extraction temperature, where as the turbidity didn't increase by ethanol and methanol in 20 folds of extraction ratio. Turbidity was inversely proportional to the extraction ratio for the three extractants at 25$^{\circ}C$ and 1 hour extraction. But turbidity of extract was highest by composition of 50% methanol-water extractant than any other compositions of extractants. Eighteen and fifteen free aminoacids were detected in extracts with distilled water, methanol and ethanol extractant, respectively, and it's contents were order of glutamic acid>proline>aminobutyric acid>alanine. The extraction rate of soluble solid from Rumex crispus was order of distilled water>methanol>ethanol within experimental extraction ratio. In extraction with distilled water, the contents of soluble solid was inversely proportional to the pH of extractant.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.3-9
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• 2005

The study was carried out to evaluate the antimutagenic and anticancer effects of small water dropwort. The methanol extracts from small water dropwort significantly reduced the mutagenicity induced by aflatoxin $B_1\;(AFB_1)$ and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) in Salmonella typhimutium TA 100. Also, the methanol extracts inhibited the growth of AZ-521 human gastric cancer cells and HT-29 colon cancer cells. The chloroform fraction from methanol extracts of small water dropwort inhibited $40\;to\;80\%$ of the mutagenicity by $AFB_1$ in Sal. typhimurium TA 100 by the addition of 2.5 to $10\%$. To separate active compounds, the chloroform fraction was subjected to column chromatography on a silica gel and separated into five fractions. Among the five fractions, fraction 4 showed the highest antimutagenic effect against $AFB_1$ and an anticancer effect in the HT-29 colon cancer cell. As the result of the analysis in GC-MS, 1-napthalene carbonitrile, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrol and benzene, 1,1'-(1,4-pentadiene-1,5-diyl) bis-,(E,E) were identified potentially from fraction 4.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.803-807
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• 2002

The conversion of dimethyl ether(DME) has been carried out over $\gamma-alumina$, silica-alumina, and modified $\gamma-aluminal$ catalysts. Especially, the water effect has been investigated on purpose to develop a suitable catalyst for one-step synthesis of DME from $CO_2$ hydrgenation, The $\gamma-Al_2O_3$ modified with 1 wt% silica is more active and less deactivated by water than unmodified one. $CO_2has$ no effect on catalytic dehydration of methanol to DME.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the physiological activity of acai berry (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) extracts from three different solvents (water, methanol, and ethanol). We measured total polyphenol and total flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, nitrite scavenging activity, metal chelating effect, and reducing power. The extraction yield from water, methanol, and ethanol was 17.10, 9.50, and 37.51%, respectively. The highest total polyphenol content (10.54 mg/100 g) and total flavonoid contents (1.88 mg/100 g) was observed in water extract. DPPH radical scavenging activity was the highest in both water extract (72.03%) and methanol extract (74.79%) at levels of 5 mg/mL, which was similar to that of BHT (78.90%). Water extract yielded the highest metal chelating effect (92.54%) and reducing power (1.09) at levels of 5 mg/mL. Taken together, these findings suggest that extracts of acai berry can be used as functional food materials with antioxidative and nitrite scavenging activities.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.413-421
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• 2004

Sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) (SPPESK) membranes and sol-gel derived SPPESK/silica hybrid membranes have been investigated as potential polymer electrolyte membranes for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) applications. In comparison with the SPPESK membrane, the SPPESK/silica membranes exhibited higher water content, improved proton conductivity, and lower methanol permeability. Notably, the silica embedded in the membrane acted as a material for reducing the fraction of free water and as a barrier for methanol transport through the membrane. From the results of proton conductivity and methanol permeability studies, we suggest that the fractions of bound and free water should be optimized to obtain desirable proton conductivities and methanol permeabilities. The highly sulfonated PPESK hybrid membrane (HSP-Si) displayed higher proton conductivity (3.42 ${\times}$ 10$^2$ S/cm) and lower methanol permeability (4.15 ${\times}$ 10$\^$7/ $\textrm{cm}^2$/s) than those of Nafion 117 (2.54 ${\times}$ 10$^2$ S/cm; 2.36 ${\times}$ 10$\^$6/ $\textrm{cm}^2$/s, respectively) at 30$^{\circ}C$. This characteristic of the SPPESK/silica membranes is desirable for future applications related to DMFCs.