• KIEAE Journal
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2002

The demand for water in a city area has enormously increased due to the concentration of population and improvement of the living quality. In this reason, the water shortage and the pollution by city sewage seem to be inevitable. For saving city water and meeting the demands from the city, the wastewater recycling system can be used, which makes used water reusable by a certain purification process. In Korea, the application of a wastewater recycling system to the buildings has continuously been adopted since its first appearance at the Lotte World Complex in 1989. However, the system has not been in fashion because of its high cost and users' negative attitude against recycled water. A research based on literature review and a case study for a recycling water system was carried out and an estimation and evaluation model was proposed. The results from the present study suggest that the optimal size of the recycling water system should be designed within 30-40% of total water demand in a building. Also, it was found that economic benefits could be expected within the payback period of 5.3 years by securing the operation rate over 70%.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.24-33
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• 2015

This study aims to suggest wastewater treatment options for diaper recycling by identifying characteristic analysis of wastewater from diaper recycling process and efficiency evaluation of wastewater treatment units. The wastewater characteristic analysis showed that the concentration of organic pollutants and ionic materials were very high comparing to seawater. Through the investigation of similar wastewater treatment, six treatment units were identified to reduce pollutants. It is found UF(ultra-filtration), DAF(dissolved air flotation), fenton oxidation, electro-coagulation and chemical-coagulation are effective in reducing organic pollutants while membrane system and ion exchanger are effective in reducing ionic materials. Even though the target of water quality should be secured in terms of managing organic pollutants level, the application of treatment unit for reducing ionic material needs lots of considerations. This result suggests that reuse of pulping wastewater after controlling organic pollutants is better than direct discharge of pulping wastewater. To select the appropriate wastewater treatment unit, an economic analysis about operation condition, wastewater flow, cost, efficiency should be considered.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2012

This study employed the modified fouling index (MFI) to determine the performance of a two-step recycling system - a membrane filtration integrated laminar flow water storage (LFWS) tank followed by an ion exchange process to reclaim ultrapure water (UPW) from the wastewater generated from semiconductor wafer backgrinding and sawing processes. The first step consisted of the utilization of either ultrafiltration (UF) or nanofiltration (NF) membranes to remove solids in the wastewater where the second step consisted of an ion exchanger to further purify the filtrate. The system was able to produce high purity water in a continuous operating mode. However, higher recycling cost could be incurred due to membrane fouling. The feed wastewater used for this study contained high concentration of fine particles with low organic and ionic contents, hence membrane fouling was mainly attributed to particulate deposition and cake formation. Based on the MFI results, a LFWS tank that was equipped with a turbulence reducer with a pair of auto-valves was developed and found effective in minimizing fouling by discharging concentrated wastewater prior to any membrane filtration. By comparing flux behaviors of the improved system with the conventional system, the former maintained a high flux than the latter at the end of the experiment.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2024

Occurrence of process environment changes, such as influent load variances and process condition changes, can reduce treatment efficiency, increasing effluent water quality. In order to prevent exceeding effluent standards, it is necessary to manage effluent water quality based on process operation data including influent and process condition before exceeding occur. Accordingly, the development of the effluent water quality prediction system and the application of technology to wastewater treatment processes are getting attention. Therefore, in this study, through the multi-channel measuring instruments in the bio-reactor and smart multi-item water quality sensors (location in bio-reactor influent/effluent) were installed in The Seonam water recycling center #2 treatment plant series 3, it was collected water quality data centering around COD, T-N. Using the collected data, the artificial intelligence-based effluent quality prediction model was developed, and relative errors were compared with effluent TMS measurement data. Through relative error comparison, the applicability of the artificial intelligence-based effluent water quality prediction model in wastewater treatment process was reviewed.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.581-590
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• 2013

A research was performed for zero discharge system of waste water which is produced from energy recovery process of waste and biomass. Leachate and all kinds of waste water should be separated and integrated into three categories in addition to converting existing leachate treatment facility into waste water treatment facility as well as introducing a management system of reverse osmosis membrane facility and bioreactor landfill. Following these conditions to better water treatment process, it was likely to produce over 3,000 tons of low-grade recycling water and 2,000 tons of high-grade recycling water per day when zero discharge system of waste water is applied starting from 2016. Economical efficiency was also surveyed in total treatment fee. Present system costs 18,129 million won per year, and suggested zero discharge system would cost 15,789 million won per year.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 2001년도 춘계 총회 및 학술발표회(한국막학회)
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• pp.33-43
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• 2001

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.68-72
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• 2007

전기적 환원을 이용한 인공 사진폐수에서의 은 회수를 연속순환식 공정을 적용하여 환원시간 및 두 전극간의 전합 차, 농도유량에 따른 영향을 검토하였다. 은 함유 인공폐수 처리에 있어 적용(인가) 전압과 초기 농도가 증가함에 따라 제거율이 증가함을 보였다. 은 함유 인공폐수의 전해 반응 시, 음극에 환원 석출된 물질의 정성적인 분석을 위해 EPMA 및 XRD 분석 결과, 석출된 물질이 은임을 확인하였다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.42-47
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• 2008

For the purpose of reduction of production cost in the industrial papermaking process, the use of waste paper has been more and more increased as a fibrous raw material, and the closed system of white water became closed more than ever. "Scum" indicates the floated sludge by a flotation during primary wastewater treatment process in paper mills. If the scum is used as the raw material, it could reduce both the raw material and solid waste treatment cost with even small quantity. In this study, the element survey and the toxicity measurement was carried out for recycling scum. A load factor of stock preparation process in paper mills was measured by somerville screen. Physical properties of paper sheet containing the accepted scum from the stock of AOCC or KOCC were evaluated. The result of this study shows that recycling scum has potential to be used in paper making system. It also might be able to reduce the required energy used by the pressing or drainage process, the raw material cost, and solid waste treatment cost due to the recycling of scum.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

수산물 가공공장 폐수의 생물학적 처리를 위하여 미생물 능동포획방식의 일종인 EMMC(Entrapped Mixed Microbial Cell)공정을 적용하여 유기물 및 질소제거에 대한 동력학적 인자를 산출하였으며 전체 시스템 운전효율에 유출수 재순환이 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 동력학적 인자 중 유기물의 세포 전환계수 Y의 경우 일반적인 활성슬러지 공정에서 보고된 Y값에 비하여 상당히 낮은 값을 나타내어 활성 슬러지 공정에 비해 슬러지 생성량을 상당히 줄일 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 내생호흡 계수 $k_e$값 역시 일반적인 활성슬러지법에 있어서의 값과 비교할 때 상당히 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 질산화 미생물의 미생물 전환계수 Y 및 내생호흡계수 $k_e$, 반포화상수 $k_s$ 값을 일반적인 부유성장형 질산화 반응조에서 구한 값들과 비교하였다. Y값은 본 연구에서 구한 값과 유사하였으며 내생호흡 계수는 낮았으며 반포화 상수의 경우는 본 연구에서의 값이 훨씬 높은 값을 나타내었다. 이를 통하여 질산화 박테리아에 있어서도 포괄 고정화 공법이 일반적인 부유성장 반응조에 비하여 기질 친화도가 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 내부 재순환이 전체 반응조 운전효율에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 내부 순환율을 1.5Q, 2.0Q, 2.5Q, 3.0Q로 변화시켜가며 운전한 결과 내부 순환을 증가는 질산화보다는 탈질화 효율의 증가에 더 큰 영향을 미치며 내부 순환율의 최적화는 anoxic조의 운전효율 증대에 초점을 맞추어야 하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2008

In this study a trickling filter system was developed by using polypropylene media and polypropylene nylon media that has recently been developed. The experiment analyzed an ability of water purification of the two plastic media and the effects of biomass on the final effluent. As recycling ratio increases, polypropylene nylon suspender showed higher efficiency by 20%; and, when media height was lengthened twice, efficiency increased about 10%. EPS and biomass increased in proportion to the increase of recycling ratio, and bound-TOC showed a similar trend with bound-EPS (extra-cellular polymeric substances) concentration.