• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.273-276
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• 2008

심장 정지에 있어서 체외 심폐 보조가 1983년도에 도입된 이래로 심장 정지의 치료에 응급 경피적 심폐 보조가 사용되어 왔다. 다량의 급성 폐동맥 색전증은 사망률이 높고, 특히 수술 중 발생한 경우는 외과의와 마취의에게 힘든 문제를 제기한다. 본 증례는 수술 도중에 발생한 다량의 폐동맥 색전증으로 인한 심장 정지에 대하여 효과적인 치료수단으로써 응급 체외 순환기를 사용한 56세의 여자 환자에 대하여 기술하였다. 환자는 와파린을 복용하면서 퇴원하였고, 패동맥 색전증의 재발없이 외래추적 중이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제64권6호
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• pp.466-470
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• 2008

저자들은 저자들은 폐색전증이 발생한 환자에서 기저질환을 조사하던 중 Factor VII 활성도 저하를 관찰하였고, 이 환자에게서 Factor VII 유전자의 프로모터 -401의 단염기 치환($G{\rightarrow}A$)을 발견하여 보고하며, 국내에도 Factor VII 유전자 다형성이 존재함을 밝히며, Factor VII 활성도 감소와 폐색전증이 동반된 환자를 보고하는 바이다.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between drug-related knowledge, sick role behavior and quality of life of patients on wafarin therapy in an outpatient unit. Methods: The participants were 122 patients. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation. Results: The Duration of wafarin averaged $28.80{\pm}32.99$ months, and 78.7% of participants remembered their blood coagulation value. The mean score for drug-related knowledge was 11.32 points out of a possible 13 points. Sick role behavior of the patients showed a moderate value with a mean of 49.83 points out of 68 points. The mean score for quality of life was rather low at 104.43 out of 175. Drug-related knowledge was significantly correlated to sick role behavior (r=0.39, p<.001), but the relationship between sick role behavior and quality of life was not significant. Also drug-related knowledge was not significantly correlated with quality of life. Conclusion: The resultsindicate that there is a need to enhance the level of drug-related knowledge in order to increase positive behavior as part of the sick role of these patients and thus improve quality of life.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.692-699
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• 1985

Fifty cases of Open Heart Surgery due to congenital and acquired heart disease were done using the cardiopulmonary bypass in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery, Chosun University Hospital from November, 1980 to June, 1985. 1. The age of the congenital heart disease was from 7 to 29 years, the mean age was 14.5 years. In the acquired heart disease, the age was from 14 to 48 years, and the mean age was 22.3 years. The ratio of male to female was about 1.8:1. 2. The number of congenital cyanotic heart disease were 7 patients, congenital acyanotic heart disease were 17 patients and acquired valvular heart disease were 26 patients. All of the acquired heart disease was one or more valve disease. 3. Preoperative symptoms of the congenital heart disease were exertional dyspnea [cyanotic 100%, acyanotic 70.6%] and palpitation [cyanotic 28.6%, acyanotic 76.1%], and the acquired heart diseases were exertional dyspnea [92.3%], palpitation [34.1 %], and chest discomfort [30.8%]. 4. The method of the myocardial protection during the cardiopulmonary bypass were mild or moderate hypothermia, intermittent coronary perfusion of the cardioplegic solution, topical myocardial hypothermia with 4oC Hartmann`s solution. 5. In the cases of the valve replacement, postoperative oral anticoagulant therapy was started at oral intake of food using the warfarin and persantin, and the prothrombin time was maintained 30-50% of control value during 3-6 months for tissue valve replacement and permanently for metal valve replacement. 6. The postoperative complications were appeared in 24 cases and the complications were wound infection, occipital alopecia, hemorrhage etc. 7. The mortality after open heart surgery was 8 percents and the cause of death was low cardiac output syndrome, right heart failure, DIC, and Left ventricle rupture.

• 대한치과마취과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.209-214
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• 2013

Multiple caries in a pediatric patient often requires dental treatment under general anesthesia, especially when the patient is suffering from a systemic disease. The patient was a 6-year-old boy with Marfan syndrome and needed extensive dental treatment. Marfan syndrome is an inherited disorder resulting from mutations in Fibrillin-1 gene. Patients are known to have mainly cardiovascular, ocular, and musculoskeletal problems. Although clinical symptoms of the syndrome are age-realted, thus hindering early diagnosis of the disease in young children, our patient had been confirmed by a gene study at a younger age. Medical history of the patient revealed moderate to severe mitral regurgitation and aortic root dilatation, which required mitral valve replacement surgery with a mechanical valve. As a result, the patient was taking warfarin post-operatively and changes in medication had to be made before the dental treatment. Also, prophyalctic antibiotics had to be given before the treatment for prevention of (to prevent the) infective endocarditis. With careful control of the medications and bleeding tendency, general anesthesia and the treatment were done successfully without any complications.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2019

Background: Although aortic valve repair can reduce prosthesis-related complications, rheumatic aortic regurgitation (AR) caused by leaflet restriction is a significant risk factor for recurrent AR. In this study, we evaluated the long-term results of the leaflet extension technique for rheumatic AR. Methods: Between 1995 and 2016, 33 patients underwent aortic valve repair using the leaflet extension technique with autologous pericardium for rheumatic pure AR. Twenty patients had severe AR and 9 had combined moderate or greater mitral regurgitation. Their mean age was $32.2{\pm}13.9$ years. The mean follow-up duration was $18.3{\pm}5.8$ years. Results: There were no cases of operative mortality, but postoperative complications occurred in 5 patients. Overall survival at 10 and 20 years was 93.5% and 87.1%, respectively. There were no thromboembolic cerebrovascular events, but 4 late deaths occurred, as well as a bleeding event in 1 patient who was taking warfarin. Twelve patients underwent aortic valve reoperation. The mean interval to reoperation was $13.1{\pm}6.1$ years. Freedom from reoperation at 10 and 20 years was 96.7% and 66.6%, respectively. Conclusion: The long-term results of the leaflet extension technique showed acceptable durability and a low incidence of thromboembolic events and bleeding. The leaflet extension technique may be a good option for young patients with rheumatic AR.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제57권10호
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• pp.613-622
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• 2019

The vitamin K antagonist (VKA), cumadin, or warfarin, is the only antithrombotic drug that can be orally administered and has excellent effective for decades. However, it is cumbersome to periodically inspect the prothrombin time (PT) order to maintain adequate concentrations that do not cause bleeding, takes a few days to indicate therapeutic effects, gets affected by several factors such as food and drugs etc, and narrow in the therapeutic range. Although recently in development, the non-vitamin K antagonist anticoagulants(NOACs) exhibit a rapid onset of action and have relatively short half- lives compared to Coumadin. Because of these pharmacokinetic properties, it is possible to modify an individual's anticoagulation status quite rapidly, minimizing the period where the anticoagulation activity is therapeutically suboptimal. And the short half -lives of these drug allow for the relatively rapid reduction of their anticoagulation effects. There are currently no published clinical trials specifically assessing the bleeding risks associated with dental procedures for patients taking the NOACs. It is not necessary to interrupt NOAC medication for dental procedures that are likely to cause bleeding, but which have a low risk of bleeding complications. Because the bleeding risk for these procedures is considered to be low, the balance of effects is in favour of continuing the NOAC treatment without modification, to avoid increasing the risk of a thromboembolic event. The patients should be advised to miss(apixaban or dabigatran) or delay(rivaroxaban) a dose of their NOAC prior to dental procedures that are likely to cause bleeding and which have a higher risk of bleeding complications. Because the risk of bleeding complications for these procedures is considered to be higher, the balance effects is in favour of missing or delaying the pretreatment NOAC dose. The interruption is only for a short time to minimize the effect on thromboembolic risk.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.61-78
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• 2021

Background and Objective: The use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) increases the risk of negative health outcomes, including drug-related admissions. Tools for structured medication review have been developed to ensure optimal medication use and safety. Here, we aimed to evaluate medication use review (MUR) tools for community-dwelling older patients. Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement (PRISMA). We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from 1991 to 2020, excluding tools that are specifically applied to hospitalized patients or nursing home residents. We identified the most common inappropriate medications, drug-disease interactions, drug-drug interactions and prescribing omissions presented among tools. Results: From among 9,788 identified reports screened, 60 met our inclusion criteria; finally, 27 were eligible for data analysis considering originality and up-to-dateness. Most tools presented explicit criteria (93%), and only one was specific to community-dwelling elderly. The most common PIM was tricyclic antidepressants. Use of diltiazem and verapamil in patients with heart failure and the combination of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics and warfarin were the most frequent disease-specific PIM and drug-interaction, respectively. Conclusions: Although several medication review tools have been developed for older adults, specific guidelines for community-dwelling populations remain limited. Furthermore, the list of PIMs differed among available tools. In future, specific but integrating MUR tools need to be developed for clinical practice considering this population.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.180-193
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• 2022

Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) is a multisystem disorder characterized by intestinal and extraintestinal manifestations and complications. Cerebrovascular events (CVE) are rare extraintestinal complications in patients with PIBD. Statistics show that 3.3% patients with PIBD and 1.3-6.4% adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experience CVE during the course of the disease. Therefore, this study aimed to review the records of children with IBD who developed CVE during the course of the disease. We retrospectively reviewed 62 cases of PIBD complicated by CVE. The mean patient age at the time of thrombotic events was 12.48±4.13 years. The incidence of ulcerative colitis was significantly higher than that of Crohn's disease (43 [70.5%] vs. 13 [21.3%] patients). Most patients (87.93%) were in the active phase of IBD at the time of CVE. The mean time interval between the onset of IBD and CVE was 20.84 weeks. Overall, 11 (26.83%) patients showed neurological symptoms of CVE at disease onset. The most frequent symptom on admission was persistent and severe headaches (67.85%). The most common site of cerebral venous thrombosis was the transverse sinuses (n=23, 53.48%). The right middle cerebral artery (n=3, 33.34%) was the predominant site of cerebral arterial infarction. Overall, 41 (69.49%) patients who were mostly administered unfractionated heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin (56.09%) recovered completely. Patients with IBD are at a risk of thromboembolism. CVE may be the most common type of thromboembolism. Based on these findings, the most common risk factor for CVE is IBD flares. In patients with CVE, anticoagulant therapy with heparin, followed by warfarin, is necessary.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.602-613
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• 2010

배경: 사람의 수명이 연장되면서 판막 질환이 점차 증가하는 가운데, 과거에는 심장 판막 이식에 기계 판막을 많이 사용하였으나, 혈액 응고 장애로 인한 출혈, 임신 시 태아의 기형 가능성, 판막의 급성 기계적 작용 부전, 평생 약을 복용해야 하는 불편함 등의 여러 합병증이 동반되는 단점이 있어, 조직 판막 사용이 증가하고 있고, 그 내구성을 높이기 위한 연구와 관심이 점차 증가하고 있다. 현재 사용하는 조직 판막은 외국계 회사의 수입된 제품으로서 그 구조나 도안에 이론적인 제안 등이 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 돼지의 대동맥 및 폐동맥 판막의 구조에 대한 기하학적 분석을 시행하고, 각 수치를 계량화, 분석하여 그 3차원적 구조를 이해하여 대동맥 판막과 폐동맥 판막을 만들 수 있는 이론적 배경을 제시하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 도축한 25마리의 돼지에서 채취한 대동맥 판막과 폐동맥 판막을 신선한 상태에서, 그리고 글루타알데하이드(GA) 용액으로 고정한 상태에서 판막의 각 구조물 수치를 2차원적으로 측정하여 그 배율을 계량화하고 분석하였다. 신선한 상태와 글루타알데하이드(GA) 용액으로 고정한 상태에서 판막엽 간 길이, 접합면 간 길이, 판막엽의 높이, 접합면 높이를 각각 측정하였다. 또한 이식 가능한 판막을 제작하기 위하여 스텐트의 도안으로 모양, 유순도에 따른 스텐드의 두께, 높이, 간격 및 판막 크기에 따른 심낭 판막엽의 크기, 모양, 두께 등을 도안하였다. 결과: 돼지 대동맥과 폐동맥 판막의 수치 및 각 구조물들의 배율을 구하였다. 대동맥 판막 및 폐동맥 판막은 각각 우측 관상동맥 첨판 및 우향 관상동맥 첨판의 크기가 상대적으로 제일 컸다. 무접합 관상동맥 첨판이 가장 작았으며(우향 관상동맥 첨판: 무접합 관상동맥 첨판: 좌향 관상동맥 첨판=1.00 : 0.88 : 1.00), 판막의 높이는 첨판의 크기에 비례하였다. 스텐트를 사용한 돼지 대동맥 판막은 외측 직경 크기를 19 mm부터 33 mm까지 정하였고, 이전에 정한 비율 및 스텐트 두께, 그리고 실제 판막 제작에 필요한 봉합 두께와 판막 주변 벽의 두께 등을 고려하여 스텐트의 높이 ($R{\times}1.4$, R: radius, 직경), 폭, 간격 수치를 정하였으며, 심낭을 이용한 판엽은 판막의 직경, 각 첨판 길이 ($2{\times}R$), 높이 ($R{\times}1.4$)와 첨판의 최소 접합면을 고려하여 스텐트 크기와 함께 모양을 도안하였다. 결론: 25개의 돼지 대동맥 판막과 폐동맥 판막의 구조물에 대한 수치를 측정하여 판막들의 기하학적 비율을 계산하고, 여려 크기의 이식형 돼지 대동맥 판막을 만들어 볼 수 있었으며, 또한 소의 심낭을 이용하여 다양한 표기의 판막을 만들어 볼 수 있는 이론적 근거를 만들 수 있었다. 향후 이러한 도안의 판막 제작 후 충분한 생체 내외의 실험 및 추가 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.