• 제목/요약/키워드: Walking direction

검색결과 208건 처리시간 0.031초

보행자의 선호 보행방향에 관한 조사 및 분석 (Survey and Analysis of Pedestrians' Preferences on Walking Directions)

  • 정인주;정화식
    • 대한인간공학회지
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.75-83
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    • 2007
  • Why do some countries walk on the right and others on the left? People have a dominant hand which leads to a natural tendency to favor one side of the road or another depending on the means of transportation being used. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the stereotype of Korean regarding preferred walking direction in encountering various facilities and provide the appropriate information to traffic policy makers. Six hundred Korean male and female subjects aging from 12 to 83 were selected to investigate the various statistics about their preferred walking direction and their employment characteristics on walking diverse facilities. The walking directions of eleven different facilities were asked along with other relative subjects' characteristics(e.g., age, gender, hand and foot dominance) to determine the relationship among these obtained data. The descriptive statistics showed that 73.7% and 26.3% were preferred walking right and left direction respectively. Moreover, various statistical analysis revealed that general tendency of walking direction was varied by hand and foot dominances. There were strong tendency that right-handed people prefer walking right side of the road and vise versa, hence this should be considered in setting up traffic policies. As a concluding remark, it is better to design traffic policies and regulations in the way that peoples' preference and expectation.

모터 토크 추정을 통한 보행보조기의 의지파악 알고리즘 (Walking Will Recognition Algorithm for Walking Aids Based on Torque Estimation)

  • 공정식
    • 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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    • 제31권2호
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    • pp.162-169
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    • 2010
  • This paper deals with the recognition algorithm of walking will based on torque estimation. Recently, concern about walking assistant aids is increasing according to the increase in population of elder and handicapped person. However, most of walking aids don't have any actuators for its movement. So, general walking aids have weakness for its movement to upward/download direction of slope. To overcome the weakness of the general walking aids, many researches for active type walking aids are being progressed. Unfortunately it is difficult to control aids during its movement, because it is not easy to recognize user's walking will. Many kinds of methods are proposed to recognize of user's walking will. In this paper, we propose walking will recognition algorithm by using torque estimation from wheels. First, we measure wheel velocity and voltage at the walking aids. From these data, external forces are extracted. And then walking will that is included by walking velocity and direction is estimated. Here, all the processes are verified by simulation and experiment in the real world.

도보여행자의 심리적 안전에 영향을 미치는 도보길 환경과 정보시설물의 설치 현황 - 제주올레 16코스와 사라봉·별도봉 산책로, 강릉바우길 8구간과 경포호 산책로를 대상으로 - (Installation Status of Information Facilities and Condition of Walking Road Influencing to Psychological Safety of Walking Tourists - Focusing on the Course No. 16 of Jeju Olle Trail, Sarabong·Byeoldobong Walkway in Jeju and the Course No. 8 of Bougil, Gyeongpo Lake Walkway in Gangneung -)

  • 변경화;김영덕
    • 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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    • 제18권3호
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    • pp.25-34
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    • 2016
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate installation status of information facilities and condition of walking road influencing to psychological safety of walking tourists. For this purpose, four roads for walking tour are selected; the course no. 16 of Jeju Olle Trail, Sarabong Byeoldobong walkway in Jeju and the course no. 8 of Bougil, Gyeongpo Lake walkway in Gangneung. Facilities installed on roads for walking tour are classified into four facilities; safety facility, information facility, amenity facility, local cultural facility. In order to consider installation status of information facilities and condition of walking road influencing to psychological safety of walking tourist, a field experiment was conduced focusing on the course no. 16 of Jeju Olle Trail. Thirteen cases were happened as confusing situation while walking tour. Of the 13 cases, the situation of being lost and wandering on the trail accounted for six cases. In contrast to the expectation that the situation of being lost and wandering would occur only at a crossroads, it is not that such situation took place at specific places like a crossroads or where direction signs were inaccurate. Walking tourists of this field experiment also confronted situations of having lost confidence about continuing the ongoing direction, of having anxiety over walking a walking trail, of feeling discomfort caused by walking and of being offended by uncomfortable or messy areas of walking trial. These confusing situations are happened inappropriate installation of direction sign, so direction sign is needed to install more carefully and detailed.

보행 방향 포텐셜 함수 기반의 탈출 경로 결정 알고리즘을 이용한 여객선 승객 탈출 시뮬레이션 (Passenger Ship Evacuation Simulation using Algorithm for Determination of Evacuating Direction based on Walking Direction Potential Function)

  • 하솔;조윤옥;구남국;박광필;이규열;노명일
    • 대한조선학회논문집
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    • 제50권5호
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    • pp.307-313
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    • 2013
  • This paper presents a simulation for passenger ship evacuation considering determination of evacuating direction based on walking direction potential function. In order to determine walking direction of a passenger, his/her position in two dimensional plane was adopted as a design variable, and fixed boundaries such as walls and obstacles were adopted as constraints. To solve this optimum problem, a walking direction potential function was adopted as an objective function. This potential function was configured as a kind of penalty function and it contained two components. One is a potential function concerned with the distance to the destination, and other is a potential function based on the effect of walls and obstacles. To determine evacuating direction, this problem was solved by minimizing the walking direction potential function every unit time during the simulation. The crowd behavior of the passenger consisted of the flock behavior, a form of collective behavior of a large number of interacting passengers with a common group. With the proposed algorithm, the test problems in International Maritime Organization, Maritime Safety Committee/Circulation 1238(IMO MSC/Circ.1238) were implemented and the direction of passengers and total evacuation time was analyzed.

Walking load model for single footfall trace in three dimensions based on gait experiment

  • Peng, Yixin;Chen, Jun;Ding, Guo
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • 제54권5호
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    • pp.937-953
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    • 2015
  • This paper investigates the load model for single footfall trace of human walking. A large amount of single person walking load tests were conducted using the three-dimensional gait analysis system. Based on the experimental data, Fourier series functions were adopted to model single footfall trace in three directions, i.e. along walking direction, direction perpendicular to the walking path and vertical direction. Function parameters such as trace duration time, number of Fourier series orders, dynamic load factors (DLFs) and phase angles were determined from the experimental records. Stochastic models were then suggested by treating walking rates, duration time and DLFs as independent random variables, whose probability density functions were obtained from experimental data. Simulation procedures using the stochastic models are presented with examples. The simulated single footfall traces are similar to the experimental records.

보행 방향 전환 시 입각기 하지 및 체간의 운동형상학적 분석 (A Study on Kinematic Analysis of Trunk and Lower Extremities in Stance Phase of Walking according to Turning Direction)

  • 오태영
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.88-95
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    • 2013
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to conduct an analysis of kinematics of lower extremities and trunk in stance phase of walking according to turning direction. Methods: Ten university students (five male, five female) who were in their 20s (mean age was 20.6 years old) participated in this study. Participants did not have participants did not have any problem with skeletal muscular system. We used the "Qualisys motion capture system" for analysis of trunk and lower extremity movement in stance phase of walking according to turning direction. We collected data while subjects walked a distance of 10 m, and at the 6 m line, subjects were required to turn to the left side and the right leg was positioned in stance phase and the left leg was positioned in swing. For data analysis, the SPSS for Windows ver. 20.0 statistics program was used in performance of one way analysis of variance according to turning direction. Results: Significant difference of trunk and lower extremities was observed for turning direction according to walking cycle (p<0.05). Upper trunk movement showed a greater increase at three dimensions than lower trunk, and in heel off phase, pelvic movement showed a greater increase than lower trunk (p<0.05). In 45 degree and 90 degrees of turning direction, all movements of trunk and lower extremities were significantly different among three events of stance phase (p<0.05). Conclusion: We suggest that three-dimensional movement analysis of trunk and lower extremities during turning movement was very important in order to indicate increasing balance or walking ability for people with impaired movement or walking.

가속도 신호를 이용한 걸음걸이 패턴 분류 (Classification of walking patterns using acceleration signal)

  • 조형국;예수영
    • 한국정보통신학회논문지
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    • 제14권8호
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    • pp.1901-1906
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    • 2010
  • 걸음걸이 패턴 분류는 많은 응용분야가 있을 뿐만 아니라 매우 중요한 연구 분야이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 허리에 부착된 가속도 모듈로부터 획득된 신호를 이용하여 천천히 걷기(slow walking, S.W), 일반 걷기(normal walking, N.W), 빠르게 걷기(fast walking, F.W) 등의 보행 패턴을 분류하고자한다. 11명의 성인으로부터 블루트스 모듈을 이용하여 100Hz로 샘플링된 3축 가속도 신호를 획득하였다. 획득된 데이터는 웨이브렛 변환을 이용하여 분석하였다. 걸음걸이 패턴은 두가지의 파라미터들을 이용하여 분석되어지는데, 하나는 운동에 해당하는 웨이브렛 계수의 에너지(power)와 전 후방향의 전체 에너지사이의 비율(RPA)이고, 다른 파라미터는 전 후 방향과 상 하 수직 방향 사이에서 웨이브렛 계수의 제곱근 평균 비율(RAV)이다. 천천히 걷기는 다른 걷기와 비교했을 때 작은 RPA값을 가지게 되어 분류가 용이하며, 천천히 걷기는 RAV를 이용하여 일반 걷기와 구별되어 질 수 있었다. 따라서 본연구는 건강한 성인에게서 3축 가속도 신호를 획득한 후 웨이브렛 파라미터를 이용하여 걷기 패턴을 잘 구별할 수 있는 연구임을 확인 하였다.

시각장애자의 보행지원에 관한 연구 (A study on walking aids for the blind)

  • 함광근;한상휘;양승열;김현규;허웅
    • 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한의용생체공학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회
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    • pp.131-135
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    • 1997
  • We implementated an ultrasonic wave cane for the blind. The cane detect walking obstacle and provide a walking direction. The cane used time of flight method of ultrasonic-wave for a measurement of obstacle distance and fluxgate geomagnetic sensor for guidance of walking direction. This system can detect an obstacle of upward, forward, downward and that warn to the blind with vibration, pitch sound. And the blind can know walking direction to voice output. As a result, the blind could efficiently avoid a exposed obstacle, obstacles beyond knee, an exposed street obstacle, a branch of tree person's height and it is usable search for surrounding land mark.

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외력 대처 기능을 갖는 사각 보행 로보트 적응 걸음새에 관한 연구 (A study on an adaptive gait for a quadruped walking robot under external forces)

  • 강동오;이연정;이승하;홍예선
    • 전자공학회논문지B
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    • 제33B권9호
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 1996
  • In this paper, we propose an adaptive gait by which a quadruped walking robot can walk against external disturbances. This adaptive gait mechanism makes it possible for a quadruped walking robot to change its gait and accommodate external disturbances form various external environmental factors. Under the assumption that external disturbances can be converted to an external force acting on the body of a quadruped walking robot, we propose a new criterion for the stability margin of a waling robot by using an effective mass center based on the zero moment point under unknown external force. And for a solution of an adaptive gait against external disturbances, an method of altitude control and reflexive direction control is suggested. An algorithmic search method for an optimal stride of the quadruped mehtod, the gait stability margin of a quadruped walking robot is optimized in changing its direction at any instance for and after the reflexive direction control. To verify the efficiency of the proposed approach, some simulaton results are provided.

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보행스피드에 대한 상체 공헌도의 연령에 따른 변화 (Age-Related Change of Upper Body Contribution to Walking Speed)

  • 배영상
    • 한국운동역학회지
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.27-36
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the upper body in order to increase a propulsive force in the old's walking. The subjects were each 10 males, the latter term of the aged and former term of the aged. There were three walking speeds of slow(about 5km/h), medium(about 6km/h), and maximum speed(about 7km/h). The subjects walking 11m were filmed the 5m section (from 3m to 8m) by 2-video cameras using three dimensional cinematography. And we computed different mechanical quantities and especially computed the relative momentum in order to achieve this study's aim. In this study, we was able to acquire some knowledge. The step length and step frequency increased in proportion to the walking speed, and the faster walking speed, the shorter ratio of supporting time( both legs supporting time/one step length time). When it was one leg support phase, the torso was indicated to generate the momentum in order to produce the propulsive force of walking. The upper and lower body had a cooperative relation for walking such as keeping step rate with the arms to legs and maintaining the body balance. The opposition phase for upward-and-downward direction of the torso and arms in walking was functioned to prevent the increase rapidly toward vertical direction of the center of gravity. The arms had contributed to coordinate the tempo of legs and the posture maintenance of the upper body. And by absorbing the relative momentum from the upper torso with arms to the lower torso, it had the rhythmical movement on upward-and-downward direction reducing the vertical reaction force. On account of the relations of absorption and generation of the propulsive force and the production of vertical impulse in the lower torso when walking by maximum speed, it was showed that the function of lower torso was come up as important problem for the mechanical posture stability and propulsive force coordination.