• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2021

본 연구는 보행 훈련시 심박수의 변화에 따라 보행속도를 조절하여 뇌졸중 환자의 심폐기능의 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상자는 만성 뇌졸중 환자 20명을 무작위로 실험군과 대조군으로 분류하여 연구를 진행하였다. 실험군은 심박수 측정기를 착용한 상태로 트레드밀에서 심박수의 변화에 따라 보행속도를 증가 또는 감소시키면서 보행훈련을 실시하였고, 대조군은 대상자의 주관적인 속도에 의해 보행훈련을 실시하였다. 보행훈련 사이에 10분 간격으로 1분씩 휴식시간을 부여했으며 주 3회씩 총 6주간 중재를 실시하였다. 대상자들의 중재이후의 변화를 살펴보기 위하여 폐활량(VC), 호기예비용적(ERV), 흡기예비용적(IRV) 노력성 폐활량(FVC), 1초간 노력성 호기량(FEV1), 최대 호기 속도(PEF)를 측정하여 심폐기능의 변화를 확인하였다. 연구결과 폐활량, 흡기예비용적, 호기예비용적에서 집단과 시기사이에서 상호작용을 나타내었으며 주효과인 집단 및 시기 간 유의한 차이도 나타났다(p<.05), 1초간 노력성 호기량, 노력성 폐활량, 최대 호기속도에서는 그룹과 시기사이에서 상호작용이 나타나지 않았다. 주 효과에서는 집단 간 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나(p>.05) 시기 간에는 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 연구결과 보행과정에서 심박수의 변화에 따라 속도를 변화시켜 훈련을 시행할 경우 심폐기능의 유의한 향상을 보인 것으로 보아 보행 훈련시 속도변화를 통해 훈련을 할 경우 심폐기능의 유의한 변화를 이끌어 낼 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.172-181
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• 2001

This study was performed to explore the effects of walking exercise on blood glucose level in the diabetes mellitus patients. The design of this study was a equivalent pre-post test experiment. The subjects consisted of eighteen diabetes mellitus patients. The walking exercise consists of 22.5minutes, speed of 120walking per minute. Data were analyzed with mean, standard deviation, Wilcoxon signed rank test, Spearman correlation and percentage using SAS program. The results were as follows. 1. The blood glucose level has significantly decreased after walking exercise. 2. Strength of exercise and change of blood glucose level was revealed correlation. 3. Age and strength of exercise was revealed high correlation. 4. Satisfaction after walking exercise was revealed all patients. In conclusion, the walking exercise can decrease blood glucose level. This exercise was show a positive effect on the exercise compliance.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.1455-1463
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• 1990

In this study the feasibility of a dynamic gait for a given quadruped walking robot is investigated through a computer simulation of the walking with certain drivings of the actuators. Two planar inverted pendulums are used to represent the dynamic model of the leg of the walking robot. It's gait motion is assumed to be periodic and symmetric between left and right sides only with half cycle delay. The dynamics of the walking robot is simplified by introducing two virtual legs to produce two planar inverted pendulums in two orthogonal planes and on the basis that certain legs in pair act as one. The feasibility of the dynamic gait motion is established from the following two necessary conditions:(1) The position and velocity of a foot must satisfy the stroke and velocity requirements.(2) The gait motion should be periodic without falling down. The gait feasibility test was applied to a walking robot design showing the specific acceptable speed range of the robot in trot. Also it showed that the higher body height may produce the faster trot gait.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this case study was to examine the effects of an intervention based on the concept of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on the weight-supporting ability, fear of falling, and stair-walking ability of stroke patients. Methods: One pretest, three intervention sessions, and one posttest were conducted. In the tests, weight-supporting ability, manual muscle strength, the fear of falling, and the time to go up and down a 'ㄱ'-shaped stair-walking machine were measured and compared. The intervention was implemented for 30 minutes per day for three days in combination with general rehabilitation. The intervention was planned and implemented based on the concept of PNF, and the goal was for the subjects, after their consent, to walk backward down the stairs. Results: After the intervention, functional improvement was seen in weight-supporting ability and the fear of falling felt when walking down the stairs. Whereas the subjects could not perform the task of walking down the stairs on the 'ㄱ'-shaped stair-walking machine in the pretest, they could perform the task in the posttest, and their stair-climbing speed was greater than before the intervention. Conclusion: This study verified that a PNF-based intervention can improve stroke patients' weight-supporting ability and stair-walking ability. Therefore, this intervention can be clinically applied to stroke patients.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 트레드밀 보행 시, gait dynamics 측면에서 보행의 속도 변화와 인지과제 수행 시 보행 변인의 가변성(variability)을 알아보고자 하는 것이다. 실험은 인지과제의 동시수행 유/무에 따른 5가지 속도(선호속도의 80%, 90%, 100%, 110% and 120%)에 의한 보행 실험으로 구성되었다. 인지과제의 종류는 학습기능이 없는 인지과제(2-back task)를 수행하였다. 인지과제는 피험자의 트레드밀 보행 시, 3m 앞에 놓여진 스크린에 주어지고 무선마우스를 통해 응답하는 형태로 구성되었다. 실험의 모든 과정은 3차원 동작분석기를 통해 동작데이터를 획득하였다. 이를 통해, 5가지 보행 시간 변인과 3가지 공간 변인을 추출하였다. gait dynamics 측면의 분석을 위해, 가변성의 크기를 살펴볼 수 있는 방법인 분산계수(coefficient of variance)와 변동량의 구조적 자기 유사성을 추론할 수 있는 detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA)를 사용하였다. 그 결과 보행 속도 변화에 따라 보행 변인의 평균값과 분산계수에서 통계적 유의한 차이가 발생하였고, 인지과제의 수행 유/무에 따라서는 DFA에서 통계적인 차이가 발생하였다. 이는 인지과제의 수행에 의해 보행의 발생과 조절 능력에 영향을 끼쳤다고 추론할 수 있다. 본 연구 결과를 명백히 하기 위해 더 많은 수의 피험자 실험과 추가 실험이 필요할 것이다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.383-390
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• 2011

In this study, 26 normal subjects were studied to compare the biomechanical Analysis of Lower Limbs on Speed of Nordic Walking. The biomechanical variables were determined by performing three-dimensional gait analysis, and the measurements items were spatial and temporal parameters; vertical ground reaction force; and moments of the hip, knee, and ankle joints. The purpose of this study based on the speed of Nordic Walking to the vertical ground reaction force and joint moments of each were analyzed. Nordic Walking with poles while being whether this weight is reduced to load, not the improvement of muscle activity by identify Nordic walking is to allow efficient. The results of the analysis were follows. The spatial parameters of step length, stride length significantly increased with increase in velocity(p<0.001). The temporal parameters of step time, stride time, the duration of double support use, and the duration of single support use also significantly decreased with increase in velocity(p<0.001), but cadence significantly increased(p<0.01). Analysis of the changes in ground reaction force revealed that vertical ground reaction force significantly increased at the initial contact and the terminal stance and decreased at the mid stance with increase in velocity(p<0.001). Moments of the hip and knee joints significantly in creased with increase in velocity whereas that of the ankle joint did not. Gait analysis revealed that weight-bearing decreased and moments of the hip and knee joints increased with increase in velocity(p<0.01). The results of this study may help people perform Nordic walking efficiently and Nordic walking can be used in the gait training of people with an abnormal gait.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.348-356
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• 2015

앞으로 10년 뒤인 2026년 우리나라는 초고령화 사회(super aged society)로 진입할 것으로 예상되며, 이로 인해 사회 전반적인 모든 분야에서 고령자 분석 및 대책 마련에 심혈을 기울이고 있다. 교통 분야에서도 고령자의 보행 교통사고가 급격히 증가하고 있는 점을 고려하여 이를 줄이기 위한 연구개발과 정책적 보완을 위한 노력을 기울이고 있다. 그러나 고령자의 보행행태, 보행능력, 보행영향 요인 등의 기초적인 연구가 전무하여 어려움을 겪고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 기존 논문 검토를 통해 보행능력(보행속도)을 일반, 건강, 운동요인 등 3개 분야로 구분하였다. 평균나이 72.6세의 고령자 52명을 대상으로 면접, 국민체력 100, SPBB, Cybex 등의 다양한 방법과 측정도구를 종합하여 3개 분야 총 12개의 세부 요인에 대한 측정을 시행하였다. 그 결과 일반요인인 연령, 체격 등은 보행속도에 미치는 영향이 적었으며, 건강요인 중에는 하지 신근, 운동요인 중에는 평형성, 협응성, SPPB가 가장 보행속도에 가장 많은 영향이 있음을 도출하였다. 이를 활용하여 고령자의 보행능력을 측정하는 보행자립도 모형을 개발하였다. 개발된 모형은 고령자의 보행능력의 진단하여 교통 분야 고령자 보행 연구의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.44-57
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• 2007

Purpose: The objective of this study is to analyze the activities of muscles importantly functioning when walking with different inclinations and speeds of a treadmill, in order to provide basic data on walking exercise using a treadmill. Method: The selected subjects of this study were 16 men and women who had lower extremity injury. A treadmill was used to provide the activation of muscle, and the electromyography was used to analyze the muscle activity variables. The Biodex was used to measure the value of maximum isometric contraction. The inclinations of the treadmill were 0%, 5% and 10%, respectively, and its speeds were 2Km/h. 3Km/h, 4Km/h, 5Km/h, and 6Km/h, respectively. Result: For quadriceps femoris muscle and trunk muscle, there were significant differences in muscle activity when different speeds were applied at 0%, 5% and 10% inclinations.(p<0.05) The activity of vastus medialis muscle was 9.78% at 0% inclination and 2km/h speed, whereas it was 9.32% at 0% inclination and 3km/h, which was slightly lower. The activity of erector spinae muscle was 24.93% at 0% inclination and 2km/h speed, whereas it was 24.84% at 0% inclination and 3km/h, whereas it was 23.99% at 0% inclination and 4km/h, which was slightly lower. The activity of vastus medialis muscle was 11.89% at 10% inclination and 2km/h speed, whereas it was 10.65% at 10% inclination and 3km/h, which was slightly lower. The activity of rectus femoris muscle was 10.26% at 10% inclination and 2km/h speed, whereas it was 9.77% at 10% inclination and 3km/h, which was slightly lower. Conclusion: It was found that the activities of trunk muscle and quadriceps femoris muscle increase as the inclination and the speed of a treadmill increase during treadmill walking.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.204-211
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of progressive speed increase during underwater gait training on stroke patients' balance, gait, and endurance, as well as to compare the effects of underwater gait training and land gait training. Methods: Subjects were randomly allocated into three groups. Underwater gait training group (n=10), land gait training group (n=9) and control group (n=9). The groups performed their respective programs as well as conventional physical therapy 3 times/week for 8 weeks. The patients were assessed before and after the experiment in terms of the Berg balance scale, characteristics of gait, and 6-minute walking test. Results: The beneficial effect perceived in the speed increase underwater gait training (UGT) group was significantly greater than in the groups who were trained with speed increase land gait training (LGT) group, and the control group regarding the following aspects: the Berg balance scale, the affected step length, the affected stride length, and the 6-minute walking test (p<0.05). The LGT group showed a more significant effect on the Berg balance scale, the affected step length, the affected stride length, and the 6-minute walking test (p<0.05), compared to the control group. Furthermore, the UGT group showed a significantly greater effect on the gait speed when compared to the control groupb (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study shows that progressive UGT is effective in improving balance, gait, and endurance in stroke patients. Therefore, we believe that progressive UGT may be used as a method for general physical therapy in patients with stroke.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.239-244
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• 2013

본 연구는 승선 생활에 미숙련된 일반승객이 해상재난 발생 시 여객선 내에서의 안전성을 확보하고 피난성능을 향상시키기 위한 기술 개발에 반드시 필요한 선박 항해 환경에 따른 승선 중 보행속도를 실측실험을 통해 취득하고 이를 비교 분석한 것이다. 81명의 남녀 대학신입생이 참가한 승선 실험에서, 평면복도 직선부에서의 평균보행속도는 항해시가 정박시보다 27.2%, 평면복도 코너부에서는 23.2% 느려지는 것으로 나타나 항해중 선박 동요에 따른 속도 저하가 크다는 사실을 알 수 있다. 항해상태에서 실측된 상향계단과 하향계단에서의 평균보행속도는 각각 0.71m/s, 0.75m/s으로 측정되었다. 군집충돌 이동실험에서는 인근 보행자와의 보행 간섭으로 인해 후미로 갈수록 보행속도가 느려지고, 선두의 이동속도가 군집 전체의 이동속도에 큰 영향을 준다는 사실을 확인하였다.