• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.357-366
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• 2003

An experimental study is performed to investigate characteristics of near of wakes of circular cylinders with serrated fins using a hot-wire anemometer for various freestream velocities. The main focus of this paper is to investigate a reason why a vortex formation length is increased suddenly. Velocity of the fluid which flow through fins decreases as fin's height and freestream velocity increases and fin pitch decreases, and a thickness of boundary layer increases. The finned tube has a lower velocity gradient when the higher boundary layer grows. This velocity gradient on finned tube makes a weak shear force in the wake and moves to downstream in a state of lower momentum transfer between the freestream and the wake. The phenomenon makes a vortex formation length increased suddenly. The fluctuations of the velocity distributions on the finned tube and (equation omitted) = 1.0 contour line in the vortex formation region decreases when the fin height increases and the pitch decreases.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.18-21
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• 2004

Lock-on characteristics of the flow around a circular cylinder performing a rotationally oscillation with a relatively high forcing frequency have been investigated experimentally using flow visualization and hot-wire measurements. Dominant parameters are Reynolds number (Re), amplitude of oscillation $(\theta_A)$, and frequency ratio $F_R=f_f\;/\;f_n$, where $f_f$ is the forcing frequency and if is the natural frequency of vortex shedding. Experiments were carried out under the conditions of $Re=4.14\times10^3,\;\pi/15\leq\theta_A\leq\pi/3$, and $F_R=1.0$. The effects of this active control technique on the lock-on flow regime of the cylinder wake were evaluated through wake velocity measurements and spectral analysis of hot-wire signals. The rotary oscillation modified the flow structure of near wake significantly. The lock-on phenomenon was found to occur in the range of frequency encompassing the natural vortex shedding frequency. In addition, when the amplitude of oscillation is less than a certain value, the lock-on phenomenon was occurred only at $F_R=1.0$. The lock-on range expanded and vortex formation length decreased as the amplitude of oscillation increases. The rotary oscillation generated small-scale vortex structure just near the cylinder surface.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2005

Measurements of flame length and NOx emissions have been conducted to investigate the effects of acoustic excitation on flame structure in turbulent hydrogen diffusion flames with coaxial air. When the acoustic excitation of a specific frequency is applied to coaxial air stream, flame length is dramatically reduced, resulting in reduction of flame residence time. Consequently, EINOx could decrease up to 35 % and this shows that acoustic excitation is effective in reducing NOx emissions. Mie scattering technique has been used to visualize the vortex structure induced by acoustic excitation and vortex formation, development and destruction were observed quantitatively. As a result, vortex entrains coflow air into fuel stream and mixing rate between fuel and air is significantly enhanced, which may contribute to reduction of NOx emissions.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2001년도 Proceedings of 2001 Korea-Japan Joint Seminar on Particle Image Velocimetry
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• pp.53-61
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• 2001

Highly swept leading edge extensions(LEX) applied to delta wings have greatly improved the subsonic maneuverability of contemporary fighters. Fundamental approach by PIV method was adopted to study the basic flow of the vortex pair formation appearing on a delta wing model with or without LEX. Three angles of attacks$(16^{\circ},\;24^{\circ},\;28^{\circ})$ and four measuring section of chord length(LEX-on) and three section(LEX-off) were selected as experimental conditions. From the PIV analysis, maximum vorticity was found at a given chord length and maximum velocity was also detected at larger chord length where stronger vortex was generated. Furthermore, the effect of LEX was remarkable at the vortex pair distance indicating narrower distance at LEX-on case.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집E
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• pp.247-252
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• 2001

The flow around free end of a finite circular cylinder(FC) embedded in an atmospheric boundary layer has been investigated experimentally. The experiments were carried out in a closed-return type subsonic wind tunnel with varying aspect ratio of the finite cylinder mounted vertically on a flat plate. The wake structures behind a 2-D cylinder and a finite cylinder located in a uniform flow were also measured for comparison. Reynolds number based on the cylinder diameter was about Re=20,000. A hot-wire anemometer was employed to measure the wake velocity and the mean pressure distributions on the cylinder surface were also measured. The flow past the FC free end shows a complicated three-dimensional wake structure and flow phenomenon is quite different from that of 2-D cylinder. The three-dimensional flow structure was attributed to the downwashing counter rotating vortices separated from the FC free end. As the FC aspect ratio decreases, the vortex shedding frequency is decreased and the vortex formation length is increased compared to that of 2-D cylinder. Due to the descending counter-rotating twin-vortex, in the region near the FC free end, regular vortex shedding from the cylinder is suppressed and the vortex formation region is hardly established. In the wake center region, the mean velocity for the FC located in atmospheric boundary layer has large velocity deficit, compared to that of uniform flow.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.915-922
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• 2005

This experimental study is conducted to investigate effects of a splitter plate, which is set on the back side of a square prism in the uniform flow. The Reynolds number is $1.44{\times}10^{4}$ based on the width of the square prism. The measurement of velocity vector and pressure distribution are carried out 4 cases of length in the range of 0.5L to 2.0L with 0.5L interval and 3 cases of Position at 0L, 0.25L, 0.5L, Flow visualization is also executed by smoke-wire method to understand the mechanism of vortex formation The results show the strong vortex shedding patterns and drags are decreased effectively, when the position of splitter plate is 0L. And the drag reduction rate is in inverse proportion to the splitter plate length

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2013년도 자성 및 자성재료 국제학술대회
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• pp.115-115
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• 2013

In order to pinpoint the different factors responsible for magnetization reversal, we performed simulation using OOMMF micromagnetic package for rectangular shaped permalloy element having length of $1{\mu}m$, width 50-100 nm and thickness 15-80 nm with length to width ratio L/W>4. Interestingly an increase in coercivity with thickness is found for every width below a critical thickness. With increasing width and thickness, the distinct behavior of coercivity, hysteresis loops and reversal mechanism are presented. Vortex end domains are observed during the magnetization reversal beyond particular thickness, where the three dimension reversal mechanism is expected to begin, causing a sudden increase in coercivity.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제38권12호
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• pp.1043-1050
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• 2014

물이 채워진 원통 용기를 회전시킨 후 배수하면 일정시간이 지난 후 공기기둥이 발생한다. 용기의 크기, 초기 회전 속도나 교반 속도, 배수구 모양 등의 배수조건에 따라 공기기둥의 발생 여부나 발생시간이 달라진다. 본 연구에서는 2 단으로 구성된 계단형 배수구를 가진 원통 용기에서 물이 배수되는 과정을 수치해석적으로 연구하였다. 하부에 위치한 배수구 1 단은 길이와 반경이 고정되어 있고, 상부에 위치한 2 단은 길이와 반경을 변화시켰다. 2 차원 격자계에 축대칭 조건을 적용하여 원통 용기 내부의 배수유동을 해석하였다. 물과 공기의 자유표면 모양을 추적하여 수위 변화를 관찰하였으며, 배수구 2단의 형상이 공기기둥 발생시간과 내부 유동구조 변화에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.291-302
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• 2008

Three-dimensional engineering simulations of momentum-driven tornado-like vortices are conducted to investigate the flow dynamics dependency on swirl ratio and the possible relation with real tornado Fujita scales. Numerical results are benchmarked against the laboratory experimental results of Baker (1981) for a fixed swirl ratio: S = 0.28. The simulations are then extended for higher swirl ratios up to S = 2 and the variation of the velocity and pressure flow fields are observed. The flow evolves from the formation of a laminar vortex at low swirl ratio to turbulent vortex breakdown, followed by the vortex touch down at higher swirls. The high swirl ratios results are further matched with full scale data from the Spencer, South Dakota F4 tornado of May 30, 1998 (Sarkar, et al. 2005) and approximate velocity and length scales are determined.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.1821-1830
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• 2001

The flow around free end of a finite circular cylinder (FC) embedded in an atmospheric boundary layer has been investigated experimentally. The experiments were carried out in a closed-return type subsonic wind tunnel with varying aspect ratio of the finite cylinder mounted vertically on a flat plate. The wakes behind a 2-D cylinder and a finite cylinder located in a uniform flow were measured for comparison. Reynolds number based on the cylinder diameter was about Re=20,000. A hot-wire anemometer was employed to measure the wake velocity and the mean pressure distributions on the cylinder surface were also measured. The flow past the FC free end shows a complicated three-dimensional wake structure and flow phenomenon is quite different from that of 2-D cylinder. The three-dimensional flow structure was attributed to the downwashing counter rotating vortices separated from the FC free end. As the FC aspect ratio decreases, the vortex shedding frequency decreases and the vortex formation length increases compared to that of 2-D cylinder. Due to the descending counter-rotating twin-vortex, near the FC free end, regular vortex shedding from the cylinder is suppressed and the vortex formation region is hardly distinguished. Around the center of the wake, the mean velocity for the FC located in atmospheric boundary layer has large velocity deficit compared to that of uniform flow.