• 한국의류학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.382-390
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• 2012

This study shows the optimum attachment of Two-Way Shape Memory Alloy (TWSMA) springs onto thermal liner and its sewing method for the mass production of fire fighter's intelligent turnout gear. SMA springs were attached to the fabric by four different methods and stitched by two different shapes (square and wave). The durability of the attached springs was tested by laundering up to 50 cycles. Examined were whether the springs would remain attached to the fabric after repeated laundering, the shape memory effect and reaction of the springs, and the anti-corrosiveness of the springs. A Human-Clothing-Environment simulator evaluated thermal insulation according to attachment methods, air layer volume, and stitch types. The findings showed that silicon attached springs remained intact after repeated laundering; in addition, repeated laundering did not influence the responsiveness and anti-corrosiveness of SMAs. Air volume had positive relations with the insulation. Attachment methods or stitch methods had limited impact on the thermal insulation. As a result, a wave type stitch with silicone attachment was suggested as the optimum method to attach the SMA springs onto the intelligent turnout gear for fire fighters.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.144-157
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• 2021

Brake Horse Power (BHP) reduction ratios by air injection to the underside of the hull surface in an actual ship are predicted using an unstructured finite-volume CFD solver and compared with the sea trial results. In addition, air lubrication system installed on the existing vessel is investigated to find a good solution for additional drag reduction. As a results, it is found that the thickness of the air layer should be minimized within a stable range while securing the area covered by the air layer as much as possible. Furthermore, the amount of frictional drag reduced by air injection is found to be independent of surface roughness and still effective on rough surface. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that systematic and reliable air lubrication system can be designed and evaluated using the proposed method.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권7호
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• pp.2524-2533
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• 2024

When analyzing containment thermal-hydraulics, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a powerful tool because multi-dimensional and local analysis is required for some accident scenarios. According to the previous study, neglecting steam bulk condensation in the CFD analysis leads to a significant error in boundary layer profiles. Validating the condensation model requires the experimental data near the condensing surface, however, available boundary layer data is quite limited. It is also important to confirm whether the heat and mass transfer analogy (HMTA) is still valid in the presence of bulk condensation. In this study, the boundary layer measurements on the vertical condensing surface in the presence of air were performed with the rectangular channel facility WINCS, which was designed to measure the velocity, temperature, and concentration boundary layers. We set the laminar flow condition and varied the Richardson number (1.0-23) and the steam volume fraction (0.35-0.57). The experimental results were used to validate CFD analysis and HMTA models. For the former, we implemented a bulk condensation model assuming local thermal equilibrium into the CFD code and confirmed its validity. For the latter, we validated the HMTA-based correlations, confirming that the mixed convection correlation reasonably predicted the sum of wall and bulk condensation rates.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1983

지금까지 발표되어 있는 여과공정(濾過工程)의 수학적(數學的) 해석(解析)의 결과(結果)는 범용성(汎用性)이 없고 실용적(實用的)으로 이용(利用)될 수 없는 문제점(問題點)이 있었다. 그러나 여과공정(濾過工程)을 수학적(數學的)으로 표현(表現)하는 것은 장치설계상(裝置設計上) 대단히 중요하기 때문에 본논문(本論文)은 급속여과지(急速濾過池)의 여과공정(濾過工程)을 해명(解明)하기 위하여 여층내(濾層內)의 tracer study의 결과(結果)를 정리한 것이다. 따라서 여과공정(濾過工程)을 해명(解明)하기 위해서 최대(最大)의 문제점(問題點)으로 되어 있던 억류물비퇴적량(抑留物比堆積量)을 직접(直接) 파악(把握)하는 것에 의해 Kozeny-Carman 식(式)을 보정(補正)하여 실제에 활용(活用)될 수 있는 미소여층(微小濾層)의 여과지저항식(濾過紙抵抗式)을 유도(誘導)하였다. 또 조지율(阻止率)과 비퇴적량(比堆積量)과의 상관(相關) model을 제안(提案)하고 이것을 이용(利用)해서 여과방정식(濾過方程式)을 풀고 그 값을 유도(誘導)한 여과저항식(濾過抵抗式)에 대입(對入)하여 전여층(全濾層)의 여과저항(濾過抵抗)을 구(求)하고 그 결과(結果)를 도표화(圖表化)함으로서 여과저항식(濾過抵抗式)을 이론(理論)과 실용(實用) 양면(兩面)에 넓게 활용(活用)될 수 있도록 하였다.