• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1017-1023
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• 2007

This study is intended to analyze the effect of thin ink-film thickness around rotating printing roll on the printing quality in the gravure printing process which is used for making electronics circuit like a RFID tag with a conductive ink. The present work numerically estimates the film thickness around rotating roller partially immersed in ink for which the volume of fluid (VOF) method was adopted to figure out the film formation process around rotating roller. Parameter studies were performed to compare the effect of ink properties (viscosity, surface tension), operating condition (roller rotating speed, initial immersed angle) on the film thickness. The result indicates that the film thickness has a strong dependency on the rotating speed, while the surface tension has negligible effect.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.409-418
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• 2014

Simulation of flow past a complex marine structure requires a fine resolution in the vicinity of the structure, whereas a coarse resolution is enough far away from it. Therefore, a lot of grid cells may be wasted, when a simple Cartesian grid system is used for an Immersed Boundary Method (IBM). To alleviate this problems while maintaining the Cartesian frame work, we adopted an Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) scheme where the grid system dynamically and locally refines as needed. In this study, We implemented a moving IBM and an AMR technique in our basic 3D incompressible Navier-Stokes solver. A Volume Of Fluid (VOF) method was used to effectively treat the free surface, and a recently developed Lagrangian Dynamic Subgrid-scale Model (LDSM) was incorporated in the code for accurate turbulence modeling. To capture vortex induced vibration accurately, the equation for the structure movement and the governing equations for fluid flow were solved at the same time implicitly. Also, We have developed an interface by using AutoLISP, which can properly distribute marker particles for IBM, compute the geometrical information of the object, and transfer it to the solver for the main simulation. To verify our numerical methodology, our results were compared with other authors' numerical and experimental results for the benchmark problems, revealing excellent agreement. Using the verified code, we investigated the following cases. (1) simulating flow around a floating sphere. (2) simulating flow past a marine structure.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2017

With the development of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), studies on shipbuilding and maritime issues including free-surface wave flow have been conducted. Although the volume of fluid (VOF) and level-set methods are widely used to study the free-surface wave flow, disadvantages exist. In particular, it takes a long time to obtain solutions. In this study, a free-surface capturing code is developed for ship and offshore structures. The developed code focuses on accuracy and computation time. Open source CFD libraries, termed OpenFOAM, are used to develop the code. The results obtained using the developed code are compared with those obtained using interFoam. The results show that the developed code could be used to capture the free-surface wave flow without numerical diffusion; moreover, the accuracy of the developed code is largely the same as that of interFoam.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2007년도 춘계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.95-98
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• 2007

A general purpose program NUFLEX has been extended for two-phase flows with topologically complex interface and cavitation flows with liquid-vapor phase change caused by large pressure drop. In analysis of two-phase flow, the phase interfaces are tracked by employing a LS(Level Set) method. Compared with the VOF(Volume-of-Fluid} method based on a non-smooth volume-fraction function, the LS method can calculate an interfacial curvature more accurately by using a smooth distance function. Also, it is quite straightforward to implement for 3-D irregular meshes compared with the VOF method requiring much more complicated geometric calculations. Also, the cavitation process is computed by including the effects of evaporation and condensation for bubble formation and collapse as well as turbulence in flows. The volume-faction and continuity equations are adapted for cavitation models with phase change. The LS and cavitation formulation are implemented into a general purpose program for 3-D flows and verified through several test problems.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.80-85
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 Reynolds 방정을 지배방정식으로 하고 난류 해석을 위해 k-$\varepsilon$모델을 사용하였으며, 자유수면 변위를 추적하기 위해 VOF기법을 사용한 수치해석 모델을 이용하여 다양한 주기를 갖는 크노이드파의 발생과 최대 처오름높이에 대해 알아보았다. 발생된 크노이드파의 파형은 해석해와 매우 잘 일치하였다 또한, 계산된 최대 처오름높이를 수리모형실험의 관측 값과 비교해 본 결과는 경계요소법에 의한 수치해보다 높은 정확도를 나타내었다.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2015

Centrifugal pumps consume considerable amount of energy in various industrial applications. Therefore, improvement of the efficiency of these machines has become a major challenge. Cavitation is a phenomenon which decreases the pump efficiency and even causes structural demage. Hence, the goal of this paper is to investigate the cavitation problem in the single-stage and double-stage centrifugal pumps. The Volume of Fraction (VOF) method has been used for the numerical simulations together with Rayliegh-Plesset model for the gas-liquid two-phase flow inside the pump. In order to capture the turbulent phenomena, the standard k-${\varepsilon}$ turbulence model has been adopted, and the simulations have been done as unsteady cases. In addition, the motion of the rotating parts has been simulated using Multi Reference Frame(MRF) method. The results are presented and compared in terms of hydraulic head and NPSH for both the single-stage and double-stage pumps. The H-Q curves show the effects of cavitation on decreasing the pumps performances.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.248-257
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 규칙파동장에 있어서 인장계류된 원형부유체의 파랑응답해석에 2차원 Navier-Stokes solver에 기초한 새로운 수치파동수조모델을 제안하였다. 본 수치파동수조모델에서는 이동구조물과 유체와의 상호작용을 해석하기 위하여 직각좌표계에서 임의형상의 불투과경계를 갖는 구조물과 유체와의 연성해석이 가능한 IBM(Immersed Boundary Method)과 자유수면 추적을 위한 VOF(Volume of Fluid)법을 결합하였다. 부유체운동에 대한 수치결과를 기존의 FAVOR(Fractional Area Volume Obstacle Representation)법에 의한 계산결과 및 수리실험과 비교하였다. 게다가, 수치모델의 보다 자세한 검증을 위하여 원형부유체의 동요 및 자유수면변동에 관한 수리모형을 추가로 실시하였고, 제안된 수치모델의 범용성과 타당성을 검증하기 위하여 직사각형부유체에 대한 수치 및 수리실험도 병행하였다. 이로부터 추정된 수치계산결과는 실험결과를 잘 재현하고 있는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2002

In the past, ports have been mainly developed in natural harbors but nowadays ports are built wherever they can be economically justified. Therefore, construction of breakwater in area that establishment of structure is disadvantageous is risen according to the change of conditions to the location for ports. In case of building gravity breakwater in such point, need that plane shapes of more reasonable section permitting wave overtopping is necessary. One of the earliest methods for solving unsteady incompressible flow including free surfaces is the MAC(Marker And Cell) method by Harlow and Welch (1965). Recently. VOF(Volume Of Fluid) method to improve several drawbacks of MAC method is suggested by Hirt and Nichols(1981) and utilized extensively in fields of hydrodynamics. Wave overtopping phenomenon is simulated including wave breaking for permeable breakwater by numerical analysis and investigated features of wave overtopping behind structure using VOF method.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.720-731
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• 2002

Flow with moving free surfaces is analyzed with an the Eulerian coordinate system. This study proposes a semi-implicit filling algorithm using VOF in which the PLIC (Piecewise Linear Interface Calculation) -type interface reconstruction method and the donor-acceptor-type front advancing scheme are adopted. Also, a new scheme using extrapolation of the stream function is proposed to find the velocity of the node that newly enters the computational domain. The effect of wall boundary conditions on the flow field and temperature field is examined by numerically solving a two-dimensional casting process.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2004

A LS(Level Set) formulation is developed for computing two-phase flows on non- orthogonal meshes. Compared with the VOF(Volume-of-Fluid) method based on a non-smooth volume-fraction function, the LS method can calculate an interfacial curvature more accurately by using a smooth distance function. Also, it is quite straightforward to implement for 3-D irregular meshes compared with the VOF method requiring much more complicated geometric calculations. The LS formulation is implemented into a general purpose program for 3-D flows and verified through several test problems.