• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.108-113
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• 2016

Background and Objectives : After thyroidectomy, many patients experience problems report such things as reduced voice range and vocal fatigue, swallowing problems without superior and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. The purpose of this study was to evaluate voice and swallowing problems before and after thyroid surgery without laryngeal nerve injury. Materials and Methods : Ninety-three patients who underwent thyroidectomy without laryngeal nerve injury and completed the follow-up evaluations were studied between June 2013 and December 2015. Each evaluation was performed preoperatively, as well as 1 week, 1 month postoperatively. Analysis was performed including voice handicap index (VHI), dysphagia handicap index (DHI), and acoustic voice analysis. Results : Patients show significant variation of parameters in the fundamental frequency (F), maximal phonation time (MPT), shimmer, jitter and soft phonation index (SPI) early after operation, and most of them showed recovery of parameters after 1month of operation. Perceptive complaint of voice and swallowing also showed significant decreased after operation (p<0.005). After 1month of operation, MPT, highest frequency and frequency ranges still showed significant decreased parameters. Comparing acoustic and perceptive parameters of total thyroidectomy and lobectomy, there was no significant changes between them except highest frequency (p=0.042). Conclusion : The results from both subjective and objective evaluations show voice and swallowing disturbance after thyroidectomy even in the absence of laryngeal nerve and provide patients information about the recovery process after surgery. Highest frequency parameter showed most significant changes after operation.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2023

Sulcus vocalis is characterized by incomplete closure of the vocal folds, with a high mean airflow rate (MFR) as a distinctive feature. The MFR is measured using two aerodynamic analysis methods [the maximum sustained phonation protocol (MXPH) and voicing efficiency protocol (VOEF)] of the phonatory aerodynamic system (PAS), and the results may vary depending on the method. This study compared the differences in MFR before and after treatment (microsurgery and voice therapy) according to the MXPH and VOEF of the PAS in 30 patients with sulcus vocalis. Additionally, we examined whether there were differences in the subjective voice evaluation (voice handicap index, VHI), perceptual voice evaluation (GRBS), and fundamental frequency (F0) before and after treatment. The results showed significant differences between the two methods, both before and after treatment, in patients with sulcus vocalis. However, there were no significant differences by methods in the changes before and after treatment. The VHI and GRBS scores significantly decreased after treatment; however, F0 showed no significant differences before and after treatment. This study indicates that when evaluating MFR changes in patients with sulcus vocalis, it is acceptable to use either aerodynamic analysis (MXPH or VOEF).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.112-117
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• 2004

Background and Objectives : This study is purposed to investigate the statistically significant discrimination model for predicting vocal fold nodule and polyp's lesional grade, with patients' background data and objective voice evaluation parameters. Materials and Method : The retrospective research was carried out at the Ewha Womans University Hospital. 122 patients' voice examination data had been selected, and lesion screening (Grade I, II, and III) was conducted by 2 ENT specialists, with each patient's vocal fold pictures achieved during the laryngoscopy examination. Results : The Lesional Grade Discrimination Model with which the lesional grade of vocal fold nodules and polyps could be predicted was derived by the ordinal logistic regression analysis (using SPSS 10.0). With this model the lesional grades of 73 out of 122 patients(59.8%) were correctly predicted to their formerly screened ones. Conclusion : This model applied the multivariate approach, which statistically combined these currently used parameters, Jitter, Shimmer, MFR, MPT, and patient's background data such as gender and dysphonia period. It might explain the status of benign lesion of vocal folds, and furthermore expect the physiological function of vocal folds.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose a novel voice activity detection (VAD) algorithm using feature vectors based on TE (teager energy). Specifically, power spectral deviation (PSD), which is used as the feature for the VAD in the IS-127 noise suppression algorithm, is obtained after the input signal is transfomed by Teager energy operator. In addition, the TE-based likelihhod ratio are derived in each frame to modifiy the PSD for further VAD. The performance of our proposed VAD algorithm are evaluated by objective testing (total error rate, receiver operating characteristics, perceptual evaluation of speech quality) under various environments, and it is found that the proposed method yields better results than conventional VAD algorithms in the non-stationary noise environments under 5 dB SNR (total error rate = 2.6% decrease, PESQ score = 0.053 improvement).

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a multiple voice therapy technique ($SKMVTT^{(R)}$) using laughter for the treatment of various benign vocal fold lesions. To achieve this, 23 female patients diagnosed with vocal nodules, vocal polyp, and muscle tension dysphonia through videostroboscopy were enrolled in vocal hygiene and $SKMVTT^{(R)}$. All of the patients were treated once a week for 4 to 12 sessions. The GRBAS scale was used to confirm the changes in voice quality before and after the treatment. Acoustic analysis was performed to evaluate jitter, shimmer, NHR, fundamental frequency variation, amplitude variation, PFR, and dB range. Videostroboscopy was performed to confirm the changes in the laryngeal features before and after the treatment. After the $SKMVTT^{(R)}$, the results of the perceptual evaluation demonstrated that the G, R, and B scales significantly improved. An acoustic evaluation also demonstrated that jitter, shimmer, NHR, vAm, vFo, PFR, and dB range also significantly improved after the $SKMVTT^{(R)}$. In comparison to the videostroboscopic findings, the size of the vocal nodules and vocal polyp decreased or disappeared after the treatment. In addition, the size of the cuneiform tubercles decreased, the length of the aryepiglottic folds became longer, and the laryngeal findings of the supraglottic compressions improved after the $SKMVTT^{(R)}$. These results suggest that the $SKMVTT^{(R)}$ is effective in improving the vocal quality of patients with benign vocal fold lesions. In conclusion, it seems that laughter and inspiratory phonation suppressed abnormal laryngeal elevation and lowered laryngeal height, which seems to have the effect of improving hyperfunctional phonation.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2020

We studied smart door lock of triple security system that strengthened the security capability as it is thought that the criminal case by security vulnerability of door lock is serious in modern society. Remote locking/unlocking function, voice recognition function through mobile phone application built on Eclipse App and optical fingerprint recognition function are implemented in the door lock. Finally, it was confirmed that the security of the door lock can be strengthened through evaluation results of the app-based operation test, the voice recognition operation test, and the fingerprint recognition operation test on the experiment-made door lock system.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.747-752
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• 2012

In this paper we evaluated by simulation the effect of VoIP roaming and data traffic roaming on other VoIP calls. Regardless of MIPv4 or MIPv6, the quality of voice of all VoIP calls falls down quickly to the bottom level after the start of roaming by one voice terminal. That was caused by the excessive retransmission on downlink. Thus it seems that we need a kind of call admission control when we adopt the roaming service on VoIP calls. Data traffic degrades also the voice quality especially at the foreign agent side.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.99-105
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• 2011

The treatment for patients with mutational dysphonia typically is useful with vegetative phonation, but has not yet been studied. This study attempts to identify the effect of $SKTCLP^{(R)}$ using throat clearing and laughing in patients with mutational dysphonia. The study, which was designed by the author, included 26 patients aged from 14 to 32 years (mean: 18.7 years) who had been diagnosed with mutational dysphonia between January 2007 and June 2010. Voice therapy for these patients included $SKTCLP^{(R)}$, ranging from two to seven sessions (mean: 3.8 sessions). Results were evaluated by videostroboscopy, perceptual evaluation of GRBAS scale, aerodynamic test, and acoustic analysis before and after therapy. Most patients could phonate with low pitch from the beginning and sustain with normal pitch sound in the last session. We had found that glottic gap reduced after therapy and anterior-posterior compression of superior laryngeal part at the first time, and these patients had complete closure of the glottis after treatment. The results of acoustic and aerodynamic measures after treatment indicated significant decreases in Fo, Jitter, Shimmer, SFF, and SPI, and increases in MPT, Psub, and vocal efficiency (p<.05). $SKTCLP^{(R)}$ may be a useful treatment method in managing mutational dysphonia. We can suggest this technique may be useful in improving the voice quality of other functional dysphonia having glottal chink or functional aphonia.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2012

The quality of real-time voice communication over Internet Protocol networks based on telematics is affected by network impairments such as delays, jitters, and packet loss. To resolve this issue, this paper proposes a receiver-based enhancing method of VoIP speech quality. The proposed method enables users to deliver high-quality voice using playout control and signal reconstruction, which consists of concealment of lost packets, adaptive playout-buffer scheduling using active jitter estimation, and smooth interpolation between two signals in a transition region. The proposed algorithm achieves higher Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ) values and low buffering delay than the reference algorithm.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• 제29권8B호
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• pp.739-746
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• 2004

An ATM/AAL2 is standardized to transmit delay sensitive application services, which has small size packet, efficiently. An AAL2 transmission scheme is used to deliver voice and data traffic on the lob interface between base station (Node-B) and Radio Network Controller (RNC) in UMTS network. To predict AAL2 performance, a detailed end-to-end UMTS network performance simulator was developed. We performed detailed simulation(cell packing density and bandwidth gain) for voice and data services in UTRAN. The results indicate that the maximum bandwidth gain in Node-B is about 17% and the bandwidth gain of AAL2 multiplexing in $I_{ub}$ for data services is less than that for voice service. Futhermore, the more offered load increase the more the bandwidth gain decreases in a concentrator.