• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.125-131
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• 2012

The patients with incomplete glottic closure have an important feature decreasing the maximum phonation time (MPT) because airflow rate or air leakage is greater than people without voice disorders. Also they can appear a problem in the intensity regulation. This study analyzed MPT difference based on the comfortable intensity and louder intensity and the correlation between MPT and respiration volume of unilateral vocal fold palsy (UVFP) and sulcus vocalis (SV) group. The twenty with UVFP, the 21 with SV, the 21 normal subjects measured MPT in /a/ vowel prolongation task with comfortable intensity and louder intensity and compared analysis by measuring FVC, $FEV_1$, $FEV_1/FVC$ to analyze the correlation between MPT and respiration volume. First, a comparison of MPT according to the intensity between groups is that MPT of the normal group was statistically significant long compared to the patient group in comfortable intensity, but MPT between groups was not statistically significant difference in the louder intensity. Second, an analysis of the correlation between MPT and respiration volume is that this was statistically significant correlation between MPT in comfortable intensity and MPT in louder intensity. But this did not show statistically significant correlation between intensity and respiration volume. This study can be supported the preceding study results deduced that shorting MPT of the patient group compared to the normal group was originated in the problem of laryngeal valving mechanism at the level of vocal folds rather than a problem of respiratory function. Also at the phonation by varying the intensity, the result can deduce that in the case of patient group, the length of MPT had been improved by increasing the glottal closure ratio in the louder intensity. These results can support the theoretical basis that should be applied to the clinicians by varying the intensity at the voice evaluation and voice therapy for the patients with the glottis incompetence.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1994년도 Proceedings of the Korea Automatic Control Conference, 9th (KACC) ; Taejeon, Korea; 17-20 Oct. 1994
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• pp.583-585
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• 1994

In this study, we have evaluated the effect of amplitude and frequency perturbation of EGG signal during single vowels associated with laryngeal pathology. The normal EGG signal is properly characterized by an autoregressive model which has the optimal order of ninth using the parametric method. This can be analyzed by determining the transfer function. Perturbations in the fundamental pitch and in the peak amplitude of EGG signal derived with a four-electrode system using the modulation/demodulation techniques were investigated for the purpose of developing a decision criteria for the laryngeal function identification.

• 대한음성언어의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성언어의학회 1993년도 제1회 학술대회 연제순서 및 초록집
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• pp.14-14
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• 1993

성대 운동 장애는 신경, 근육 병변 및 추두 관절 고정 등의 원인으로 발생한다. 후두 근전도 검사는 후두 및 음성 생리, 언어 과학의 운동 기능학적 연구, 그리고 임상적으로는 신경, 근육 병변의 진단 및 예후 판정에 이용된다. 특히 양측 성대운동 장애시 이학적 검사만으로는 신경 병변 및 관절 고정의 감별 진단에 어려움이 많아 근전도 및 신경 전도 검사를 이용한 객관적 검사가 필수적으로 요구된다. (중략)

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2016

Background and Objectives : The clinical reports for the treatment of vocal fold scar and sulcus vocalis are limited, also there is no best one for the treatment of them. This study is to evaluate the effect of Injection laryngoplasty (IL) for the treatment of vocal fold scar and sulcus vocalis. Materials and Methods : from January 2013 to May 2015, the Nineteen patients who were diagnosed as vocal fold scar, sulcus and atrophy, and underwent IL, were engaged in this study. Clinical information and voice parameters were analyzed by retrospective chart review. Pre and post voice parameters were compared. Results : Subgroups of diagnosis were classified into sulcus vocalis for 12 patients, vocal fold scar for 5, and atrophy for 2. IL was performed under local anesthesia through cricothyroid membrane except one patient. Atesense$^{(R)}$, Radiessess$^{(R)}$, and Rofilan$^{(R)}$ were used as injected materials in 9, 9, and 1 patients respectively. Maximal phonation time (p=0.0124), dynamic range (p=0.0028), pitch range (p=0.0141), voice handicap index (p=0.028), glottal closure (p=0.0229), and mucosal wave (p=0.0132) had significant improvement for post-IL voice assessment than Pre-IL. While GRBAS, Mean flow rate, Jitter, Shimmer, Harmony to Noise ratio didn't have improvement. Conclusion : IL is a feasible option for the treatment of glottis incompetence with normally mobile vocal folds such as sulcus vocalis and vocal fold scar.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.343-349
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• 2004

전기성문전도는 발성시에 성문의 진동이 전기적 임피던스를 이용하여 검출되는 신호이다. 본 연구는 이러한 전기성문전도를 기록하기 위한 장비를 구현하고 음성분석 및 후두질환 진단에 대한 적용생을 평가하고자 하였다. 전기성문전도의 하드웨어는 2 쌍의 링전극, 동조증폭기, 검파기, 저역통과필터, 자동이득조절부 등으로 구성되며, 2.7MHz의 반송파 신호를 이용하고 진폭 변조 방식의 검파를 통해 임피던스 신호를 추출하도록 하였다. 추출된 신호는 PC 사운드 카드의 라인 입력을 통해 샘플링되고 양자화되었다. 검출 신호를 분석하기 위한 파라미터는 패래 시간을(CQ), 개폐 속도율(SQ), 개폐속도지수(SI), 성대진동 주파수(F0), 성대진동 주파수변동지수(Jitter), 성대진동 진폭변동지수(Shimmer) 등을 추출하였다. 전기성문전도를 분석한 결과, F0가 증가할수록 CQ는 커지고, SQ와 SI는 작아지는 경향을 보였으며, 전기성문전도와 음성 선호의 기본주파수가 일치함을 알 수 있었다. CQ, SQ, SI는 정상인과 후두암 환자를 비교한 결과 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 성대의 운동을 관찰할 수 있는 휴대용 전기성문전도 계측기의 구현이 가능하게 하였고, 성대 기능 이상 검사가 가능함을 시사하였다.

• 음성과학
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.147-157
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• 2008

Habitual speaking fundamental frequency (sF0) plays an important role in determining the voice classification, which can be presented differently depending on the vocal fold length and language habits. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to compare the differences in sF0 for voice classification and closed quotient between speaking and singing. Seventeen singers (7 sopranos, 5 tenors, 5 baritones, mean age 25.1 years) with no evidence of vocal folds pathology were participated. sF0 and closed quotient (CQ) both in speaking and in singing (A3-A5 with soprano, A2-A4 with tenor and baritone) were measured using SPEAD program and electroglottography. No significant differences were observed for sF0 between tenor and baritone groups (p> 0.05). However, CQ in singing was significantly different among three groups (p< 0.05), but CQ in speaking was not (p> 0.05). Furthermore, CQ was significantly different with both soprano (p< 0.01) and tenor groups ((P= 0.02) whereas baritone group revealed there is no difference when compared between speaking and singing. No significant differences in sF0 between tenor and baritone participants may result from decision-making for voice classification by experience and should measure sF0 before determining the voice classification.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1993년도 제27차 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.72-72
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• 1993

음성질환의 진단을 위하여 사용하는 검사법은 여러가지가 있으며 음성발생의 기전에 근거하여 공기역학적 검사로부터 어음청취검사에 이르기까지 다양하게 시도되고 있다. 이중 성대점막의 진동양상은 간접후두경 만으로는 정확히 관찰하기 어려우므로 후두스트로보스코피, 초고속촬영법, 광전, 전기, 초음파등을 이용한 글로토그라피 및 카이모그라피 등이 사용되고 있는데 임상적으로는 후두스트로보스코피가 가장 널리 사용되어지고 있다. 저자들은 1992년 4월 부터 1993년 3월까지 연세대학교 의과대학 음성언어의학연구소에서 음성검사를 시행하였던 환자들을 대상으로 질환별 스트로보스코피소견의 특징을 파악함으로써 후두질환의 진단 및 치료에 도움을 얻고자 하였다.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.16-20
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• 2004

Purpose : To assess perceptual, acoustic and aerodynamic measure of voice quality in patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis before and after type I thyroplasty. Methods : The clinical records of patients operated type I thyroplasty in the Departement of otorhinoalryngolgy, Yongdong Severance hospital from November 2001 to November 2003 were reviewed. All patients uderwent a vocal function evaluation including perceptual, acoustic and aerodynamic measures of voice preoperative and on $60^{th}$ postoperative day. The perceptual and acoustic measures were obtained from recording of patients' reading a 'Sanchak' passage. The perceptual evaluation was performed by 2 speech pathologist using a 4-point rating scale. Acoustic parameters(voice range profile low(RAL), voice range profile high(RAH), average fundamental frequency(AFX), closed quotient, harmonic to noise ratio, jitter and shimmer) were investigated by Lx speech studio. Mean flow rate(MFR), subglottic pressure(Psub) and intensity were measured using the Phonatory function analyzer. The maximum phonation time was also measured. The data were statistically analyzed. A paired t-test (p<0.1) was used to compare preoperative and postoperative results. And multiple regression test was used to find which parameter was most correlated to improvement of postoperative voice quality. Results : Among aerodynamic parameters, Psub $(88.11mmH_2O{\rightarrow}58.7mmH_2O)$, MPT(7.87sec${\rightarrow}$12.53sec), MFR (359.8ml/sec${\rightarrow}$161.06ml/sec) were statistically improved. AFx(205.5Hz${\rightarrow}$163.27Hz), AQx(23.9%${\rightarrow}$48.3%), RAL, RAH. Jotter and shimmer were improved. In multiple regression test, AFx and AQx was noted as the two meost correlated parameters to improvement of postoperative breathiness. But general grade of voice quality was more correlated to Psub and shimmer. Conclusion : Vocal fold medialization procedures effectively reduce glottic gap. Increasing of contact area of both vocal folds induced improvement in aerodynamic parameters and leaded stabilizing of vocal fold vibration. That effect results in improvement in acoustic parameters (shimmer, jitter, signal-to-noise ratio, voice range profile) and voice quality.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.22-25
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• 2007

Background and Objectives: Biomedical signals have been usually used for the diagnosis of the laryngeal function such as speech, electroglottograph(EGG), airflow and other signals. But, in most cases these signals were analysed separately. Here, we propose a new interchannel parameter Glottal Closure Delay Ratio(GCDR) which is estimated from speech and EGG measured simultaneously. Materials and Method: Speech and EGG signal were recorded simultaneously from 13 normal subjects, 39 patients. The patients' data included 16 polyps and 23 vocal folds palsy. Time difference between glottal closing instance on EGG and the first maximum peak on speech in a pitch period was calculated. Glottal closing instance was defined as the maximum peak on the first derivative of EGG signal(dEGG). Results: The standard deviation and jitter were calculated using 20-30 GCDRs extracted from each data, and they are significant different between normal and vocal fold paralysis group. Conclusion: The GCDR may be the first index reflecting speech and EGG characteristics and the perturbation of this parameter was significant different between normal and vocal fold paralysis group.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.647-664
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• 2022

본 연구는 음성 과학에 근간을 두고 있는 에스틸 보이스 트레이닝(Estill Voice Training) 모델의 구조연습(Figure)이 배우가 인물을 창조하는 연기예술에 있어 음성적 전문성의 확장으로 기여할 수 있는 가능성을 모색하고 그에 따른 활용방안을 고찰하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 음성 산출 기관의 유동성과 구조적 측면의 기능성을 통한 훈련 모델은 모호한 추상성에 기인하여 소리의 결과에만 천착하는 기존의 음성 훈련과는 차별화된다. 가성대, 윤상연골, 연구개, AES, 앵커링 등 후두부와 성도의 수의적 조정 능력을 개발하는 것은 예술적 목표음 산출을 보다 용이하게 만드는 과학적 효율성을 가지며 배우가 직면하는 기능적 한계를 창조적으로 극복할 수 있는 기술적 방법론으로 활용될 수 있다. 음성 산출 요소 간의 조화와 협응을 위한 원리적 훈련인 에스틸 모델의 구조연습은 이미지와 추상성이 주류를 이루고 있는 국내의 배우 음성 교육에 대안적 훈련 모델로 활용될 수 있는 실용적 가치를 지닌다.