• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze the EGG measures from Lx Speech Studio program (Laryngograph Ltd, UK) in patient with vocal nodule. Thirty female adults (15 patient with vocal nodule, 15 normal speaker) produced sustained vowel and read the passage. They were grouped into three groups based on Grade (GRBAS) : normal-G0, nodule-Gl, nodule-G2. Estimates of Fx (Hz), Qx(%), Jitter, Shimmer, and HNR were made from a 500msec midportion of vowel. In addition, DFx(Hz), DQx(%), CFx(%) and CAx(%) were obtained from reading the passage. These data were compared among groups. The results were as follow Jitter, Shimmer, HNR were significantly higher in nodule-G2 group than in normal-G0 & patient-Gl group. In nodule-G2 group, CFx and CAx from reading passage were significantly higher. For patients with nodule, asymmetry or irregularity were observed in graphs of QxFx ＆ CFx provided by Quantitative Analysis.

• 음성과학
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.101-120
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• 2004

Vocal nodule is one of the representative chronic diseases of vocal folds, and it can be cured by voice therapy. However, the existing therapeutic methods about vocal nodule are in great demand. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of therapeutic methods between Accent method and SK-MVTT (Seong-Tae Kim's multiple voice therapy technique), which was designed by the author. We identified 40 females, who diagnosed having vocal nodules, aged from 21 to 52 years (mean age: 40 years). Twenty females were treated by the SK-MVTT and the other 20 females the Accent method. All subjects received 12 sessions of treatment, and were evaluated after finishing the 6th and the 12th session. The results showed that the SK-MVTT produced a better results compared to the Accent method. The SK-MVTT was better especially at the initial stage of voice therapy compared to the Accent method. In this study, we can suggest that SK-MVTT may be useful in improving the voice qualities of vocal nodule patients. However, more data should be collected and evaluated before it can widely be used in other clinics.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1981년도 제15차 학술대회연제순서 및 초록
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• pp.9.1-10
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• 1981

1975년 3月부터 1980년 3月까지 애성을 주소로 하여 본원에 입원하여 수술 받은 183명의 후두 종양 환자에 대한 임상적 통계와, 그중 병리조직학적으로 확진된 88case의 성대 결절과 폴립 환자에서, 성대 결절(30case), 국한성 폴립 (48), 미만성 폴립 (10)을, 임상적인 분류하에 현미경학적 검사로 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다. I. 임상적 관찰 1) 전체 183명중 성대 결절 82명 (45%), 후두 폴립 53명 (29%), 삽관후 육아종 3명 (1%), 후두 유두종 18명 (10%), 후두 결핵 2명 (1%), 후두암 25명 (14%)를 차지했다. 2) 남녀 비는 성대 결절 3 : 4, 후두 폴립은 1 : 1, 삽관후 육아종 1 : 2, 후두 유두종 3 : 2, 후두암 11 : 1.성대 결절, 삽관후 육아종은 여자, 후두암과 후두 유두종은 남자에게 많았다. 3) 연령 분포는 성대 결절 20~30대, 후두 폴립 30~40대, 삽관후 육아종 20대, 후두 결핵 10대와 40대, 후두암은 50대이었다. 4) 증상발현으로부터 내원까지의 이환기간의 분포를 보면 성대 결절과 폴립은 5개월~1년, 후두 유두종과 삽관후 육아종은 1년이내, 후두 결핵과 암은 1년~3년이었다. 5) 발생 부위를 보면, 성대 결절, 폴립 후두 유두종은 성대의 전 1/3~중 1/3경계, 삽관후 육아종은 중 1/3~후 1/3, 이었다. 6) 발생측에 있어서 후두 결절과 유두종은 성대의 양측에 오며, 후두 폴립 5 : 3, 삽관후 육아종 2 : 1로 우측에 많았다. 7) 후두 종양의 크기는, 성대 결절 1~2mm(67%), 후두 폴립 3~5mm(42%), 삽관후 육아종 6~10mm(67%), 후두 유두종 1~2mm(39%), 후두 결핵과 암은 10mm 이상의 크기로 산재해 있었다. 8) 후두 종양의 증상은 애성이 90%이상, 연하통은 후두암과 결핵, 호흡곤란은 삽관후 육아종, 후두 유두종, 결핵, 암에서 나타났으며, 그외에 후두의 이물감, 작열감, 소양감 둥의 증상이 있었다. 9) 과거력은 Smoking과 관련 있는 것이 후두 결핵 50%, 후두암 40%이었고, 후두 유두종은 빈번한 상기도 감염이 33%에서 있었다. 10) 직업에서는 어떤 특별한 통계학적 의미를 찾아볼 수 없었다. II. 병리조직학적 관찰 1) 성대 결절과 플립의 상피세포는 중층 편평 상피로 덮여 있으나, 위축, 극세포증, 이상 각화증과 과각화증의 소견을 보이며, 그중 과각화증과 극세포증이 많았다. 2) WHO classification에 의해 섬유성 점액 종양, 혈관성, 유리질성의 4가지 단계로 나누였는데, 성대결절은 점액 종양 병변 60%, 국한성 폴립은 점액 종양 병변과 함께 혈관성, 유리질성 병변이 많았고, 미만성 폴립은 혈관성 병변(80%)이었다. 3) 전 18례의 후두 유두종에서, Exophytic 형이며 편평세포형이 17례(94.5%), 역형이며 이행세포형이 1례 (5.5%)이었다. 4) 후두암은 편평세포 : 선암의 비율이 24 : 1이었다.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2001

Background and Objectives : There are so many methods to investigate the causes of voice disorders. However, they were almost invasive or non-physiologic methods. And none of them showed the laryngeal movements. Phonation pharyngogram is non-invasive method to see the laryngeal movement directly. Authors studied to evaluate the availability of phonation pharyngogram in laryngeal nodule. Materials and Methods : 30 laryngeal nodules and 10 control groups were evaluated. Acoustic analysis and maximum phonation time were measured and pharyngogram was taken during sustaining /a/ phonation immediately after swallowing the barium. We measured the width of hypopharyngeal wall, shape of hypopharyngeal wall and pyriform sinus apex, level difference between both true vocal folds, angle of subglottis, location of true vocal folds, elevated distance of vocal folds and shape of c-spine. Results : Jitter, Shimmer of laryngeal nodule were higher than control group and maximum phonation time was shorter in laryngeal nodule. There was a significance in width of hypopharyngeal wall, shape of pyriform sinus apex, level difference between both true vocal folds, elevated distance of vocal folds and shape of c-spine. Conclusions : Authors knew that there were differences when we used the phonation pharyngogram between normal group and laryngeal nodule group.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 1999

Vocal hyperfunction is considered to be the most significant characteristic in larynx disorders which is found among many patients presenting hoarseness Primarily as chief complaint. In Pusan National University Hospital, we executed the voice therapy to 28 patients being 17 female and 11 male patients who visited the Voice ＆ Speech Therapy Clinic, due to the voice disorder, and then compared and analysed the voice before and after its therapy using acoustic and aerodynamic test. The obtained results were as follows. In the analysis by the local findings, it was improved to 88% in the patients of vocal nodule, 75% in mutational falsetto, 75% in the functional dysphonia, 75% in the vocal cord palsy, 50% in the vocal polyp and 50% in dysphonia plica ventricularis. For the acoustic analysis, Fo, litter, Shimmer and NHR were measured. In the patients of mutational falsetto, Fo, Jitter and NHR were shown to be improved significantly and in the patients of vocal nodule, Shimmer was shown to be improved significantly. In the patients of vocal polyp, Fo was significantly improved. In the patients of vocal cord palsy in litter and NHH were significantly improved. In the patients of dysphonia plica ventricularis, Shimmer and NHR were significantly improved and the patients of functional dysphonia were more improved in Fo, litter and Shimmer. For the aerodynamic analysis, MPT was measured. In particular, it was shown to be improved significantly in the patients of vocal nodule, improved in the vocal polyp, vocal cord palsy, functional dysphonia patients.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.56-60
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• 1996

The vocal efficiency(VE) can be calculated as the ratio of acoustic power to aerodynamic power. It relates to the vocal intensity, air Sow rate and subglottic pressure. In this study, we treated 20 cases of vocal polyps and 10 cases of vocal nodules by way of laryngo-microsurgery or laser laryngo-microsurgery. The VE was measured preoperatively and postoperatively in all cases. The results showed that there was a significant improvement of VE postoperatively than that of preoperative measurement(p＜0.01) in vocal Polyp group. However, there was no significant difference(p＞0.05) in vocal nodule group. Through comparing the results, we obtained the conclusion : The laryngo-microsurgery is the reliable method of management for the vocal polyps, but f3r the vocal nodules, the laryngo-microsurgery should be selected after other more conservative approaches fail to produce the desired results.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.43-46
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• 1998

Background and Objectives : Singers, the vocal equivalents of Olympic athletes, may present with vocal dysfunction in the singing voice before adverse effects are noted in the speech mode. For the classically trained singers, any imbalance in the respiratory, laryngeal or resonatory subsystems may manifest first in technical compensations. Therefore it is necessary that baseline values be available in order to differentiate technique related dysfunction from abnormalities within the phonatory system. Materials and Methods : Vocal efficiency measures were collected from 55 classically trained singers and 20 untrained adults. All singers was divided into 3 groups : (1) Singers who have normal larynx with out voice symptoms. (2) Singers who have vocal nodule without voice symptoms. (3) Singers who have vocal nodule with voice complaints. Results and Conclusion : Results were compared with each other. Differences in each group wert found, suggesting the need for separate normative data to be used for the evaluation of the classically trained singers.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.130-134
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• 2021

Background and Objectives Voice therapy (VT) is considered to be the gold standard of treatment of vocal fold nodule in children. This study was designed to analyze the success rate of pediatric VT and investigate the predictive factors for good response of periatic VT for vocal fold nodule. Materials and Method This was a retrospective cohort study of 23 patients under 18 years old who were diagnosed with vocal fold nodule and received pediatric VT. We divided the patients into responding and non-responding groups. We analyzed clinical and voice parameters related to the voice results. Results Twelve patients showed improved findings after VT. By univariate analysis, female patients (85.7%) and adolescence children (100%) showed a good response to VT. In multivariate analysis, female sex (p<0.05) and adolescence children (p<0.05) were significantly related to a successful voice response. Proton pump inhibitor or antihistamine, mucolytics treatment and pre-VT voice parameters did not significantly influence voice outcomes. Conclusion Pediatric VT is more effective in female and adolescence children.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 1989

A clinico-statistical analysis was performed on 1373 cases who complained of hoarseness at the Dept. of Otolaryngology of Ewha Womans University hopital during the past 10 years from fan 1975 to Dec 1984 and the following results were obtained. 1) Among total of 44,912 who visited the Dept. of Otolaryngology. the patients with hoarseness were 1373 cases(3.1%). 2) Among total of 1373 cases, male were 586 and female were 787, the ratio being 1:1.3. 3) The underlying diseases causing hoarseness in order of frequency were acute laryngitis 374 cases(27.2%), chronic laryngitis 325 cases(23.7%), vocal nodule 248 cases(18.1%), vocal polyp 130 cases(9.5%), vocal cord paralysis 101 cases(7.4%), laryngeal cancer 24 cases(1.7%). 4) The highest incidence of age causing hoarseness in order of frequency were 3rd decade 368 cases(26.8%) 2nd decade 312 cases(22.7%) 4th decade 297 cases(21.6%), 5) The highest incidence of age for underlying diseases in order of frequency were as that follows: acute laryngitis in 2nd decade 114 cases(30.5%), chronic laryngitis in 3rd decade 92 cases(28.3%), vocal nodule in 3rd decade 81 cases(32.7%), vocal polyp in 4th decade 38 cases(29.2%), vocal cord paralysis in 5th decade 19 cases(18.8%), laryngeal cancer in 5th decade 13 cases(54.2%). 6) Number of the patients who came the hospital within 10 days after the onset of hoarseness were 272 cases(19.8%), 15 cases(1.1%) had medical attention for first time 10 years after hoarseness. 7) The highest incidence of the duration from the onset to consultation for the underlying diseases were as that follows: acute larynsitis within 10 days 205 cases(54.8%), chronic laryngitis 3M-6M 76 cases(23.4%), vocal nodule 3M-6M 55 cases(22.2%) vocal polyp 6M-lYr 32 cases(24.6%), vocal cord paralysis 3M-6M 20 cases(19.8%)

• 임상이비인후과
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.229-234
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• 2018

Background and Objectives : Vocal nodules occur with a 12-22% prevalence in pediatric populations. Most otolaryngologists recommend voice therapy as the primary treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate patient compliance with voice therapy and its effect on vocal nodules in children. Materials and Methods : We retrospectively reviewed 44 pediatric patients between 3 and 11 years old diagnosed with vocal nodules between March 2015 and December 2017. We evaluated the treatment adoption rate, dropout rate during voice therapy, and reasons for dropout. For patients who completed voice therapy, we measured the changes in nodule size, perceptual parameters, and acoustic parameters. We evaluated patient satisfaction using the pediatric voice handicap index (P-VHI). Results : Of the 44 pediatric patients diagnosed with vocal nodules, 22 (50%) agreed to voice therapy. Of the 22 patients who started voice therapy, 5 (22.7%) dropped out during therapy because they were unsatisfied with their treatment. Another 4 patients discontinued therapy for reasons unrelated to treatment effectiveness. Vocal nodule disappeared or decreased in all 13 patients who completed voice therapy. All voice parameters were improved and statistically significant changes were observed in perceptual, acoustic, and P-VHI parameters. Conclusions : Although compliance to voice therapy among the pediatric patients with vocal nodules was low, there were significant improvements in voice parameters for those who completed voice therapy. A change toward a positive perception of voice therapy is necessary and a multidisciplinary approach is needed to improve the effect of voice therapy on pediatric patients with vocal nodules.