• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.500-506
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of H$_2$O fraction of Dioscorea japonica Thunb (DJT) with vitamin E on blood glucose and fat metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley rats (200∼230 g) weighing were divided into five groups; the normal group, the STZ-control group, the DJT group, the DJT-vitamin E group and the vitamin E group. Diabetes was induced in the male rats by injection of STZ into tail vein at a dose of 45 mg/kg body weight. The H$_2$O fraction of DR (500 mg/kg) and 10 mg/kg of vitamin E (㎗-${\alpha}$-tocopherol) given orally were administered for 14 days. The body weight was monitored and levels of hematocrit, protein and glucose were determined. The plasma concentrations of cholesterol; triglyceride, free fatty acid and HDL-cholesterol were measured. The activities of aminotranseferase were analysed. The body weight gain was shown no significantly higher in the normal group than all STZ groups. The administration of H$_2$O fraction of DJT and vitamin E showed a significant increase in plasma protein concentrations. The all STZ group was formed to be effective in decreasing blood glucose levels. Plasma insulin concentrations were highered in diabetic rats fed on H$_2$O fraction of DJT. Plasma triglyceride and free fatty acid levels were lower in the vitamin E group than the STZ-control group. The plasma cholesterol levels of all STZ groups were not significantly different and HDL-cholesterol levels were increased in all STZ groups fed on H$_2$O fraction of DJT and vitamin E, specially in the DJT-vit. E group. The all STZ group does not significantly change aminotransferase activity of diabetic rats. These results indicated that DJT was a potential candidate for a treatment of diabetes which can enhance insulin activity The effect of vitamin E on insulin activity will be examined in more detail.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.239-247
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• 1999

With the increasing elderly population in Korea, dementia has become a mojor health problem in Korea. Several studies have been conducted on the association between dementia and dietary intake, especially vitamin E and vitamin C. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin E and vitamin C supplementation on the decrease in cognitive function induced by scopolamine(300mg/kg) in rats. Rats were divided into three groups : control, vitamin C, and vitamin E supplementation(2.4g Vit C or Vit E /100g diet) and fed the diets for 6 weeks. There were significant decreases in active avoidance response and brain acetylcholinesterase activity in the control group, but no significant differences were observed in the vitamin E and C groups after scopolamine treatment. Brain dopamine concentration of vitamin E and C groups was significantly higher than those of control group after scopolamine injection. The concentrations of brain norepinephrine also showed similar tendence, even though it was not statistically significant. These results indicate that vitamin E and vitamin C may protect against the cognitive function decrease induced by scopolamine. However, it is still unclear how vitamin E and C influence brain neurotransmitters and improve cognitive function. Further study is need to elucidate the role of vitamin E and C supplementation in the prevention of dementia.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.128-129
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• 2002

To evaluate the effect of combined supplementation of both flaxseed and micro additives on fatty acid incoporation in egg yolk, totally 240 of ISA Brown laying hen were alloted into 4 treatments with 3 replication per treatment by completely randomized design. 10% of ground flaxseed was added to the experimental diets of treatment group except control diet. Supplemented micro additives used in this experiments were Vit. A + carnitine for treatment 1, Vit. E + selenium for treatment 2, and probiotics + lecithin for treatment 3. Egg production in flaxseed + Vit. E and selenium supplemented group was lower than those of other treatments. There were no differences in egg weight, feed intake, and feed/egg among treatments. The $\omega$-3 fatty acid content in egg yolk was affacted by flaxseed supplementation with no detection in control group. Especially, The $\omega$-3(Cl8 ：3n3) fatty acid content of egg yolk in probiotics and lecithin supplemented group was higher(P〈0.05) than other flaxseed supplemented groups.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.980-986
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• 1999

This study was done to ivestigate the fabrics thatminimized harmfulness of UVB(ultraviolet B) and that might product Vit. {{{{ {D }`_{3 } ^{ } }} by UVB. Twelve female subjects wearing in three different types i.e fabric A(UVB 100% protection) fabric B(UVB 50% protection) and bikinii were exposed to outdoor environment (Air Temp : 25℃, 42% R,H Air velocity : 0.13m/s UV does :6KJ/m2) Blood samples were taken 24 hours before the after the experiment in order to examine concentration of vit.{{{{ {D }`_{3 } ^{ } }} in the blood. During the experiment axillary temperature skin temperature of 7 areas(forehead Chest Upper arm, Hand Thigh Lower leg, Foot) were measured. The more irradiated areas by UVB were the more the concentration of serum 25(OH){{{{ {D }`_{3 } ^{ } }} were significantly. Mean skin temperature was significantly low levekl in wearing the fabric of UVB 50% protection (p<0.001) Axillary temperature was significantly high level in wearing the fabric of UVB 50% protection (p<0.001). Therefore the fabric of UVB 50% protection intercepts the radiation and has advantage to give off body heat over other fabrics

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

This review describes the risk factors of the nutrition crisis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections and suggests precision nutrition against long-term psychological and physiological stress. The mandatory quarantine and the social distancing are associated with an interruption of the lifestyle routine, resulting in psychological (i.e., boredom) and physiological stress. The stress with multiple causes and forms induces over-compensation of energy-dense food, such as sugary comfort food, and is defined as "food craving" because carbohydrates positively affect the psychological stability with serotonin secretion. The consumption of foods that promote an immune response against viral infections (vitamins & minerals; Cu, folate, Fe, Se, Zn, and Vit A, B6, B12, C, and D), reduce inflammatory cytokines (w-3 fatty acids, Vit D, fibers, and Mg), contain antioxidants (beta-carotene, Vit E, C, Se, and phenolics), and sleep-inducing proteins (serotonin, melatonin, and milk products) is essential. In addition, a reduced Vit D deficiency in winter due to less time spent outdoors under quarantine has been reported to be associated with viral infections. The case fatality rate of COVID-19 was significantly dependent on age, sex, race, and underlying health condition. To prevent malnutrition and cachexia in elderly people, weight loss and muscle wasting should be monitored and controlled. Inadequate protein intake, sedentary lifestyle, and inflammation are significant risk factors for sarcopenia. Moreover, relatively high intakes of fat or carbohydrate compared to low protein intake result in abdominal obesity, which is defined as "sarcopenic obesity." Keeping the food-safety guidelines of COVID-19, this study recommends the consumption of fresh and healthy foods and avoiding sugar, fat, salt, alcohol, and commercially frozen foods.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.833-843
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of hygiene education on the microbiological changes of processing utensils and the environmental in the manufacture of cereals and to evaluate the Cd, Pb contents and nutrient compositions of 11 cereals. The result of microbiological evaluation was that fungi, coliforms and staphylococcus species were detected in employees, on equipment, utensils and environments in the first inspection. Fungi were detected in most of the cereals, staphylococcus species were detected in soybeans, perilla seeds and sea tangle How, and bacillus cereus was detected in sorghum and black sesame seeds. The water content of rice, barley, glutinous rice, brown rice and carrot flour in packaged products, and in carrot flour, angelica keiskei, carrot, sea mustard and potato in bulk products was in excess of 8.0%. The Pb content of cereals was 0.14-0.51 mg/kg and Cd was not found. The acid value of Job s tears flour and black sesame seed flour was higher than 5.0 mg/g oil. Cereals were manufactured from 41 different cereals and grains, legumes, seeds and nuts, vegetables, potatoes, seaweeds, fruits, glucose and salt. The average content of cereals and grains, legumes, and seeds and nuts in cereals was 75.75%, 16.19% and 4.93%, respectively. The mean nutrient content per 100 g of cereals was calories 365.8kcal, protein 13.3 g, fats 5.9 g, carbohydrates 63.4 g, Ca 91.8 mg, p 269.9 mg, Fe 3.15 mg, Na 76.2 g, K 421.8 mg, Zn 2.33 mg, Vit. A 12.5 R.E., Vit. B$_1$0.23 mg, Vit. $B_2$ 0.16 mg, Vit. $B_6$ 0.46 mg, Niacin 3.5 mg, Vit. C 1.36 mg, folic acid 62.3 $\mu$g and Vit. E 1.24 mg. When nutrients value of 48 g of cereals and 200 $m\ell$l of milk was compared to 1/3 of the RDA, the values were below than 60% of 1/3 of the RDA except Na, K, Vitamin $B_1$ and C contents. The average carbohydrate : protein : fat ratio of energy intake was 54.27 : 17.45 : 28.28, respectively. Therefore, a training program consisting of the education of the staff in surveillance and standard operating procedures, the elimination of dangerous procedures, sanitation checklist, the implementation of Preparation methods and standard recipes for cereals is required.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.201-206
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• 1992

Pinus pollen is used as the chief ingredient for Song-wha-dashik (Korea's traditional pattern-pressed candy). It has been the food stuff indispensable especially on the occasion of performing ancestral rites and holding a banquet since Shilla and Koryo Dynasty. In this paper, therefore, a new examination is made of the nutritive ingredients of the very Pinus pollen. Analysis has been made of the proximate composition, minerals, heavy metals, vitamins and free sugars of the Pollen of both Pinus densinora Siebol et Zuccarini and Pinus rigida Miller. In the proximate composition, Pinus rigida Miller is high except in free sugar ; crude ash (4.0%), crude protein (15.0%), crude fat (2.5%), crude fiber (17.5%). A lot of minerals have been found in both the samples. They contain Mg, Cl, Ca, Fe, Mn, Na, Zn, etc. In heavy metals, both the samples contain the same quantity of Cd(0.3 ppm) and the contents of Pb, Cu, and As are lower than the maximal limit permitted for food stuff. The contents of vitamin B$_1$, B$_2$, vitamin C are a little higher in Pinus rigida Miller : in vitamin E, on the contrary, Pinus densiflora Siebol et Zucarini (1.6 mg) doubles Pinus rigida Miller (0.8 mg). In free sugars, the results is as follows : 6.6%/6.9% in sucrose : 0.2% in fructose : 2.1% /2.9% in glucose respectively.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.526-537
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• 2024

Monitoring fetal growth in utero is crucial to anomaly diagnosis. However, current computer-vision models struggle to accurately assess the key metrics (i.e., head circumference and occipitofrontal and biparietal diameters) from ultrasound images, largely owing to a lack of training data. Mitigation usually entails image augmentation (e.g., flipping, rotating, scaling, and translating). Nevertheless, the accuracy of our task remains insufficient. Hence, we offer a U-Net fetal head measurement tool that leverages a hybrid Dice and binary cross-entropy loss to compute the similarity between actual and predicted segmented regions. Ellipse-fitted two-dimensional ultrasound images acquired from the HC18 dataset are input, and their lower feature layers are reused for efficiency. During regression, a novel region of interest pooling layer extracts elliptical feature maps, and during segmentation, feature pyramids fuse field-layer data with a new scale attention method to reduce noise. Performance is measured by Dice similarity, mean pixel accuracy, and mean intersection-over-union, giving 97.90%, 99.18%, and 97.81% scores, respectively, which match or outperform the best U-Net models.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.53-62
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• 2000

Bone marrow culture systems are widely used to differentiate osteoclast-like cells in vitro using several osteotropic hormones. In this study, we isolated and cultured the mouse bone marrow cells with or without some osteotropic hormones such as parathyroid hormone(PTH), prostaglandin $E_2(PGE_2)$ and $l,25(OH)_2-vitamin$ $D_3$(Vit. $D_3$). We confirmed the formation of osteoclast-like cells morphologically and functionally by the expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP) and by their capability to resorb dentin slices. We also studied the effects of transforming growth $factor-{\beta}(TGF-{\beta})$ and epidermal growth factor(EGF) on the Vit. $D_3-induced$ osteoclast-like cell formation. In control, a few multinucleated cells were formed whereas PTH and $PGE_2$ increased the number of multinucleated cells. PTH, $PGE_2$ and Vit. $D_3$ induced the formation of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells. After culture of mouse bone marrow cells on the dentin slices with or without osteotropic hormones, giant cells with diverse morphology were found on the dentin slices under the scanning electronmicroscopy. After removing the attached cells, resorption pits were identified on the dentin slices, and the shape of resorption pits was variable. EGF increased the osteoclast-like cell formation induced by Vit. $D_3$, however, $TGF-{\beta}$ showed biphasic effect, which at low concentration, increased and at high concentration, decreased the osteoclast-like cell formation induced by Vit. $D_3$.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.249-257
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• 2001

The effect of oxidative stress on the alterations of different antioxidant enzyme activities was investigated in human skin melanoma cell line (SK-MEL-2). Oxidative stress was induced by the exposure to hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O$$_2$). SK-MEL-2 cells were treated with antioxidants such as vitamin E and selenomethionine in combination with $H_2O$$_2$. SK-MEL-$_2$ cells were exposed to various concentrations of $H_2O$$_2$ and measured the time course of changes in cell viability and antioxidant enzyme activities for 24 hr. Oxidative stress was induced by the exposure to 2.5mM hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O$$_2$) resulted in declining significantly for 24 hr. GPX and CAT activities peaked at 3 hr and returned to control levels by 24 hr. On the contrary, SOD activity was inactive before 6 hr but recovered at 24 hr. In case vitamin E (Vit E) and selenomethionine (Se-Met) were used at nontoxic concentrations (25$\mu$M Vit E/500$\mu$M Se-Met) to oxidative stress was induced by the exposure to hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O$$_2$) led to a 3- and 5-fold increase on the viability comparing to control and caused an increase in GPX activity respectively.