• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.550-557
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• 2003

In this study, a web-based system was developed by utilizing finite element method and virtual system designed using Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML). The simulation program for axi-symetric sheet forming is developed using finite flement method. The developed system consists of two modules, client module and server module. The client module was developed by using Active-X control. The input data for FEM calculation is transferred to the server module by using communication protocol. Then sever module performs several successive processes: input data generation, forming simulation, conversion of results to VRML format. After that, the results from the simulation can be visualized on the web browser in client computer. Besides, client module offers the capability to control and navigate on virtual forming machine and calculated result. By using this system simulation result can be investigated more realistically in virtual environment including forming machine.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.788-796
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• 2001

VR(Virtual reality) technologies have given engineers the ability to design, test, and evaluate engineering systems in a virtual environment. The virtual plant is the highlight of the application of the VR technology to plant engineering. Plant design, maintenance, control, management, operation are integrated in the virtual plant. The VR monitoring system including the concept of the virtual plant is developed to replace a current control room that has number of gages and warning lamps in two-dimensional panels which shows the operating status of a plant. The operating status of the plant is displayed in the VR monitoring system through the realistic computer graphics. Sophisticated, realistic and prompt control becomes possible. The VR monitoring system consists of advanced visualization, walk-through simulation and navigation. In the virtual environment, a user can navigate and interact with each component of a plant. In addition, the user can access the information by just clicking interesting component. The VR monitoring system is operated with various modules, such as (1) virtual plant constructed with Graphic Management System (GMS), (2) Touch & Tell System, and (3) Equipment DB System of Part. In order to confirm the usefulness of the VR monitoring system, a pilot gas plant which is currently being used for plant operator training is taken as application. The end of the paper gives an outlook on the future work and a brief conclusion.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.285-298
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• 2007

Corrosion of Reinforcement (rebar) is nondestructively estimated by the half-cell potential measurement. As is the case with other nondestructive testings (NDT), understanding of the underlying principles should be clarified in order to obtain meaningful results. Therefore, the measurement of potentials in concrete is analytically investigated. The effect of internal defects on the potentials measured is clarified numerically by the boundary element method (BEM). Thus, a simplified inversion by BEM is applied to convert the potentials on concrete surface to those on rebars, taking into account the concrete resistivity. Because the potentials measured on concrete surface are so sensitive to moisture content, concrete resistivity and surface condition, an inverse procedure to convert the potentials on concrete surface into those on rebars is developed on the basis of BEM. It is found that ASTM criterion is practically applicable to estimate corrosion from the potential values converted. In experiments, an applicability of the procedure is examined by accelerated corrosion tests of reinforced concrete (RC) slabs. For practical use, the procedure is developed where results of IBEM are visualized by VRML (Virtual Reality modeling Language) in three-dimensional space.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.23-30
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• 2007

This paper presents a method of generating 3-dimensional images by preprocessing 2-dimensional abdominal images obtained using CT (computed tomography) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) through segmentation, threshold technique, etc. and apply the method to virtual endoscopy. Three-dimensional images were visualized using indirect volume rendering, which can render at high speed using a general-purpose graphic accelerator used in personal computers. The algorithm used in the rendering is Marching Cubes, which has only a small volume of calculation. In addition, we suggested a method of producing 3-dimensional images in VRML (virtual reality modeling language) running on the Web browser without a workstation or an exclusive program. The number of nodes, the number of triangles and the size of a 3-dimensional image file from CT were 85,367, 174,150 and 10,124, respectively, and those from MRI were 34,029, 67,824 and 3,804, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.123-128
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• 1997

가상현실(Virtual Reality)의 응용분야는 지금까지의 연구성과로 인하여 연구와 활용분야가 다양해지고 있을 뿐만 아니라 지금도 많은 연구가 활발히 진행 중에 있다. 그러나 통신의 발달로 인해 네트워크 사용이 생활화됨으로써 더이상 VRML(Virtual Reality Modeling Language) 이 Netscape Navigator Microsoft Internet Explorer같은 웹 브라우져상에서 단순한 3차원 오브젝트만을 보여주는 시기는 지났다. 사용자들은 3차원 오브젝트를 사용해서 공간적, 지역적으로 멀리 떨어져있는 상대방과의 실시간 대화는 물론 상대방의 행위를 보고 그에 대한 자신의 행위를 보여중으로써 현실감을 느끼고 싶어한다. 더욱이 가까운 미래에 수많은 사용자들은 3D를 기반으로 자신을 분신인 아바타를 사용하여 하나의 가상세계를 공유하고 가상 이벤트를 사용하여 하나의 가상세계를 공유하고 가상 이벤트에 참석을 하게 될 것이다. 이러한 종류의 어플리케이션을 제공하기 위해서는 3D그래픽스처리와 사용자 인터페이스 및 네트워크 환경을 제공해야만 한다. 이에 본 논문에서는 기존의 다중사용자용 VRML브라우저중의 하나인 OZ Virtual의 여러가지 비능에 대해서 살펴보고, VRML이 어떻게 대화식, 분산, 다중사용자 가상 세계에 적합하게 확장될 수 있는지를 두중사용자용 VRML시스템의 구조를 통해서 증명해 본다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2000.10b
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• pp.556-558
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• 2000

최근 인터넷상에서 삼차원 가상세계를 기술하기 위한 VRML(Virtual Reality Modeling Language) 문서의 효율적인 작성을 위해 다양한 VRML 저작도구들이 개발되어지고 있다. 이러한 기존의 VRML 저작도구들을 실세계에 존재하는 모든 객체들에 대한 다양한 형태의 가상세계를 저작할 수 있는 범용 저작도구들이다. 하지만, 특정의 특성을 가지는 삼차원 객체들로만 구성된 가상세계를 저작하는 경우에는 더욱더 편리한 저작도구를 개발할 수 잇다. 가상 건축물의 경우 외형이 주로 직선적이고, 모든 구성 객체들을 레이어(layer)로 쌓음으로써 구현할 수 있는 특성을 지닌다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 건축물 객체가 가지는 특성을 이용하여 전문가가 아닌 일반인도 웹 상에서 삼차원 가상 건축물을 쉽게 저작할 수 있는 저작도구를 설계하고 구현한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2002

Recently, as advancing the technologies for Web 3D and Virtual Reality, the studies have been progressed actively to provide three dimensional information on the web. Especially, the various applications for providing urban information in 3D space have been developed using EAI(External Authoring Interface) that serves an interface between VRML(Virtual Reality Modeling Language), standard language for embodying virtual reality, and JAVA applet in HTML. In this study, as constructing 3D virtual city information using Digital Map, IKONOS satellite image, VRML and so on, we could provide users which need several information with building location and various urban living information. In addition, applying 3D skills such as texturing, panorama and navigation, users were enabled to perform various route searching and scenery analysis. Finally, to serve urban living information in real time, we designed to search information faster through interfacing database and to update data using ASP(Active Server Page) on web.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.163-170
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• 2002

Virtual Reality is the technique which makes the man experience the similar interaction behavior to the experience in the real world through virtual space. The users participating in the 3D virtual space using virtual reality technique can have the various experiences in the space desired without restrictions on time and space and then it has been applied in many application areas such as video industry, entertainment simulator, medical treatment, construction and design. The area of video among them has been highlighted as a high-added value industry. Therefore this study classifies video industry into four including movie, broadcasting, advertisement and internet and is to examine their characteristics, application cases and developmental potential. In the industry using virtual reality technique in video industry, it is implied for special elect in the area of movie and for providing the various graphic virtual word to audiences with the introduction of virtual studio and character in the area of broadcasting. It can give audiences a synergy effect by inserting 3D advertisement into virtual space in the area of advertisement. Also the implementation of 3D virtual reality such as virtual museum, virtual model house, virtual home shopping and entertainment on the web is possible with the emergence of Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) and it plays the roles of more entertainments. Accordingly, this study is to seek the application methods using virtual reality technique in video industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2003

Generally, feature of real world as 2-dimensional information of point, line and polygon achieve a GIS function from 2-dimensional GIS. But at enduring the geography elements which exist when it is composed of 3-dimensional spatial information it is abstracted with 2-dimensional which will reach, the loss of many information and 2-dimensional GIS of existing the basic limit exists md, Accordingly, 3-dimensional geography elements of the real world even at the computer controlling with 3-dimensional geography element original it will be able to minimize the loss of information which it keeps, for 3-dimensional expression and the analysis against the natural facility and the artificial facility of the real world it is the actual condition whose 3-dimensional GIS of ultimate form are necessary. This study was 2-dimensional feature a point the line and polygon and 3-dimensional spatial data information as the method for to use the VRML(Virtual Reality Modeling Language), 3-dimensional virtual worlds for 3-dimensional GIS applications to create and hereafter various decision making of at connection web more efficient and the possibility of doing in vision in order to be, it drew up a spatial database.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.220-228
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• 2007

For many applications particularly in navigation system, a three-dimensional representation improves the usability of information. This paper introduces 3D Graphical User Interface (GUI) of indoor location tracking system, 3D Navigation View. The application provides users a 3D visualization of the indoor environments they are exploring, synchronized with the physical world through spatial information obtained from indoor location tracking system. It adopts widely used Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) to construct, represent, distribute and render 3D world of indoor environments over Internet. Java, an all-purpose programming language is integrated to comprehend spatial information received from indoor location tracking system. Both are connected through an interface called External Authoring Interface (EAI) provided by VRML. Via EAI, Java is given the authority to access and manipulate the 3D objects inside the 3D world that facilitates the indication of user's position and viewpoint in the constructed virtual indoor environments periodically.