• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.74-84
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• 2020

In November 2018, virtual pop band K/DA, with the use of holograms and actual K-pop girl group members, performed its debut album titled "POP/STARS" at the opening ceremony of the League of Legends S8 final, hosted by Riot Games. The fan culture that exists for real singers adapts itself to virtual bands, and K/DA, consisting of virtual characters, encouraging the production of user created content (UCC). However, this form of UCC is different from the most common one, meaning that this type of band generates another way of consuming content. Therefore, this study examines how K/DA's digital characters are transformed and reproduced by UCC and how the original producers' content differs from them. Firstly, the development of this study considers the open characteristics of UCC, such as user type, created motivation, created process, content type and sharing method. In the second part, the virtual idol Hatsune Miku and virtual band Pentakill will be analysed to understand UCC. Thirdly, K/DA will be analyzed as a case study based on three factors: created motivation, content type and sharing method. In this manner, this study aims to explain how UCC for virtual bands reproduce and consume original content and expand their commercial value.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.163-174
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• 2020

Numerous wearable technology companies have recently developed several headmounted display (HMD) products for virtual reality (VR) services. 5G wireless networks aim at providing high-quality 3D multimedia services such as VR, augmented reality, and mixed reality. In this study, we examine the application of millimeter-wave (mmWave) technology to realize low-latency wireless communication between an HMD and its content server. However, the propagation characteristics of mmWave present several challenges such as the deafness, blockage, and beam alignment problems, and interference among content servers. In this study, we focus on an environment that provides VR services in the mmWave band and introduce existing techniques for addressing such challenges. In addition, we employ a commercialized IEEE 802.11ad VR dongle to measure the actual data rate of an mmWave VR application and identify the degree to which the performance deteriorates when the above problems occur. Finally, we verify the feasibility of the proposed solutions through a simulation of several VR scenarios in the mmWave band.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제14A권4호
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• pp.215-226
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• 2007

지난 수년간 저가의 공유메모리(Shared Memory) 시스템을 개발하기 위한 방법으로 빠른 상호 연결 네트워크를 이용한 DVSM(Distributed Virtual Shared Memory) 시스템의 구조에 관한 연구가 활발하게 진행되어 왔다. 그러나 DVSM은 소프트웨어 적으로 메모리 일관성을 유지하기 때문에 분산 처리 노드간의 많은 데이터 및 제어 신호 통신이 요구되며 이러한 통신 과부하(overhead)가 전체 성능 향상을 결정짓는 요인으로 작용한다. 일반적으로 프로세싱 노드의 수가 증가하면 통신 과부하도 따라서 증가하기 때문에 통신 과부하는 대용량(large-scale)의 DVSM을 구현하는데 매우 중요한 성능 요인이다. 이 논문에서는 차세대 상호 연결 기술 중 하나인 InfiniBand를 기반으로 대용량 DVSM 시스템을 구현하기 위한 성능 확장성을 정량적 및 정성적으로 연구하였다. 또한 이 연구를 바탕으로 성능 확장성이 뛰어난 DVSM 시스템을 개발하기 위한 차세대 상호 연결 네트워크의 요구 성능을 분석하였다.

• 한국위성정보통신학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2016

전 세계적으로 통신체계 및 무선기기사용이 활성화됨에 따라 2.4GHz의 동일 대역을 사용하는 기기간의 간섭현상이 발생하게 되었다. 최근 기존의 전통 산업에 가상현실 기술을 접목한 신규 융합 콘텐츠 기술 발전으로, 교육, 전시, 방송, 테마파크 등 다양한 분야의 적용이 가능하며 연 평균 14% 이상의 성장률을 예상하고 있다. 가상현실 기기의 경우 부가적으로 모션센서나 무선 조이스틱을 이용하며 블루투스 통신을 이용하는 것으로 나타난다. 이에 따라 가상현실 기기에 사용되는 무선기기들과 현재 상용화된 와이파이 기반의 무선랜 사이의 간섭영향을 분석하였다. 간섭영향을 분석하기 위해 간섭시나리오와 확장된 하타 전파모델을 설정하였다. 몬테카를로 기반의 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 무선랜을 통하여 와이파이통신을 할 경우의 발생하는 간섭확률에 대해 분석하고, 가상현실 기기와 무선랜이 공존할 때 허용 가능한 가상현실 기기의 개수를 도출하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권3호
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• pp.513-521
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• 2017

Robust optimal operation of a microgrid is required since the increase of the penetration level of renewable generators in the microgrid raises uncertainty due to their intermittent power output. In this paper, an application of probabilistic optimization method to economical operation of a microgrid is studied. To simplify the treatment of the uncertainties of renewable generations and load, the new 'band of virtual equivalent load variation' is introduced considering their uncertainties. A simplified robust optimization methodology to generate the scenarios within the band of virtual equivalent load variation and to obtain the optimal solution for the worst scenario is presented based on Monte Carlo method. The microgrid to be studied here is composed of distributed generation system(DGs), battery systems and loads. The distributed generation systems include combined heat and power(CHP) and small generators such as diesel generators and the renewable energy generators such as photovoltaic(PV) systems and wind power systems. The modeling of the objective function for considering interruption cost by the penalty function is presented. Through the case study for a microgrid with uncertainties, the validity of proposed robust optimization methodology is evaluated.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.33-37
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• 2024

Recently, wearable virtual reality devices are widely used. These instruments include a 3-axis accelerometer. User's heart rate information in virtual reality contents can be useful for measuring user experience. In this paper, we propose a method to measure the heart rate through a 3-axis accelerometer based on the principle of ballistocardiography without additional sensors. The angular velocity was successively measured in a time series by the 3-axis accelerometer mounted to the head. The frequency of the maximum magnitude is determined as the heart rate through frequency transform and band pass filtering of the time series signal. For verification, the heart rate calculated from photoplethysmography sensors acquired at the same time was compared as ground-truth. In the virtual reality, the user's heart rate information can be extracted without additional heart rate sensor, and the emotional state and fatigue can be measured.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.1555-1566
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• 2018

Proportional capacitor-current-feedback active damping (AD) is a common damping method for the resonance of LCL-type grid-connected inverters. Proportional capacitor-current-feedback AD behaves as a virtual resistor in parallel with the capacitor. However, the existence of delay in the actual control system causes impedance in the virtual resistor. Impedance is manifested as negative resistance when the resonance frequency exceeds one-sixth of the sampling frequency ($f_s/6$). As a result, the damping effect disappears. To extend the system damping region, this study proposes a virtual resistor-inductor-capacitor (RLC) AD method. The method is implemented by feeding the filter capacitor current passing through a band-pass filter, which functions as a virtual RLC in parallel with the filter capacitor to achieve positive resistance in a wide resonance frequency range. A combination of Nyquist theory and system close-loop pole-zero diagrams is used for damping parameter design to obtain optimal damping parameters. An experiment is performed with a 10 kW grid-connected inverter. The effectiveness of the proposed AD method and the system's robustness against grid impedance variation are demonstrated.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.632-640
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 오디오 이퀄라이저의 정확한 주파수 응답을 그래픽으로 빠르게 표현하는 방법을 제안한다. 주파수 축을 로그 스케일로 나타낼 경우 저대역의 정확한 주파수 응답을 표현하기 위하여 높은 해상도로 주파수 응답을 구해야 한다. 그러나 높은 해상도의 주파수 응답을 구하기 위해 많은 계산량이 필요하고, 이에 따라 주파수 응답의 그래픽 표현을 실시간으로 제공하기 어렵다. 이와 같은 계산량 문제를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 낮은 해상도로 중대역에서 구한 가상 주파수 응답을 이용하는 방법을 제안한다. 이퀄라이저를 구성하는 각 필터에 대하여 중대역에서 가상 주파수 응답을 구한 후 원하는 주파수 위치로 이동하여 해당 필터의 주파수 응답을 구하고, 모든 필터의 주파수 응답을 결합하여 이퀄라이저의 최종 주파수 응답을 구한다. 실험을 통하여 제안한 방법으로 구한 주파수 응답이 많은 계산량을 사용하여 높은 해상도로 구한 주파수 응답과 동등한 모양을 가지는 것을 확인하였다.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.534-540
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• 2018

From dye-assisted conventional chromoendoscopy to novel virtual chromoendoscopy, image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) is continuously evolving to meet clinical needs and improve the quality of colonoscopy. Dye-assisted chromoendoscopy using indigo carmine or crystal violet, although slightly old-fashioned, is still useful to emphasize the pit patterns of the colonic mucosa and predict the histological structures of relevant lesions. Equipment-based virtual chromoendoscopy has the advantage of being relatively easy to use. There are several types of virtual chromoendoscopy that vary depending on the manufacturer and operating principle. IEE plays distinctive roles with respect to histologic characterization of colorectal polyps and prediction of the invasion depth of colorectal cancers. In addition, the newest models of IEE have the potential to increase adenoma and polyp detection rates in screening colonoscopy.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1409-1420
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• 2015

In this paper, an algorithm using two bi-quad filters to suppress the wide-band resonance for PMSM servo systems is proposed. This algorithm is based on the double bi-quad filters structure, so it is named, "double bi-quad filter." The conventional single bi-quad filter method cannot suppress unexpected mechanical terms, which may lead to oscillations on the load side. A double bi-quad filter structure, which can cancel the effects of compliant coupling and suppress wide-band resonance, is realized by inserting a virtual filter after the motor speed output. In practical implementation, the proposed control structure is composed of two bi-quad filters on both the forward and feedback paths of the speed control loop. Both of them collectively complete the wide-band resonance suppression, and the filter on the feedback path can solve the oscillation on the load side. Meanwhile, with this approach, in certain cases, the servo system can be more robust than with the single bi-quad filter method. A step by step design procedure is provided for the proposed algorithm. Finally, its advantages are verified by theoretical analysis and experimental results.