• IE interfaces
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.56-67
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• 1999

This paper is about implementation issues for use of the Internet technology in education. An examination of the current status of virtual university provides guidance for subsequent prototype development. A virtual university is the Internet based process by which students increase their specific knowledge and skills via electronic interaction with content and people. Virtual university enables colleges and universities to provide students and faculty with network access to courseware and educational materials on multimedia servers free from time and geography constraints. In this paper, we present a prototype instruction support system (ISS). The ISS consists of the following components in architecture: Internet, software, hardware, database systems, users, and workflow. The ISS also assists several functions as follows: lecture notes, register processes, attendance checks, built-in boards, grading systems, questions and answers, electronic libraries, chats, and search engines. Our work will provide a guideline for the development of a virtual classroom for distance education and learning.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 1998

In this paper, we propose an efficient network communication scheme tailored to the network virtual reality(NVR) system. We first present the architecture and implementation of CVRAT (collaborative virtual reality authoring tool). The design goal of CVRAT is to provide consistent and scalable shared virtual environments. To achieve this goal, we classify the network messages according to their reliability and latency requirements. These conflicting requirements lead us to conceive a heterogeneous communication scheme which provides the unicast and three different multicast transport services; unreliable multicast, receiver-driven reliable multicast, fast reliable multicast. Each protocol has trade-offs in reliability, latency and bandwidth usage. The characteristics are analyzed by several experiments. Finally, applying this communication method to multi-participant battle-field tank simulation, we show the efficacy of proposed heterogeneous transport mechanism.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.25
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• pp.176-183
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to show the implications of the term "digital architecture," which are realized in the current architecture. To do this, I first observe its theoretical background and then analyze the works of Marcos Novak, Kas Oosterhuis, and Lars Spuybroek, all of whom are called the typical digital architects. In particular, this study tries to show that the digital architects are introducing the non-Euclidean multi-dimensions and the cyberspace and applying the notions of liquid architecture, transarchitecture, body-building, and body-building, and body-motorized system into their works. Finally, I conclude that the digital architecture anticipates the direction of the future architecture, in which the virtual world is merged with the real world, the digital space is realized in the real space, and the human is completely harmonized with nature.th nature.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.248-255
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• 2013

This paper proposes the architecture of the RILS (Robot-in-the-Loop-Simulation) consisting of the robot, the virtual robot, and the avatar robot which is the type of virtual robots operating according to the robot status and behavior. And the synchronization algorithm for mobilization part of the avatar robot is suggested, which reduces the difference between behaviors of the robot and those of the avatar robot. This difference occurs due to the environmental and mechanical mismatches between the robot and avatar robot. In order to reduce this difference in robots behaviors, the synchronization algorithm controls the avatar robot based on the data observed from the robot's behavior. The proposed architecture and the synchronization algorithm are validated from some simulation results.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.227-247
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• 1996

Presented in this paper is a control model for developing virtual factory simulator, which is being operated under the distributed environment. The control model consists of production activity plan and information flows. To incorporate elements of the characteristics of the distributed control system, we suggested a collaboration model. This model is working under the client/server architecture, and also designed for cooperative-distributed shop control(CDSC) system in order to exploit several advantages of client/server architecture. Collaboration among each agent(or client) is done through negotiation and task sharing. Based on a contract net model, the CDSC system has three kinds of agents-order agent, resource agent, and communication forwarding agent. Each agent performs shop scheduling and control through negotiation on contract net. No node in CDSC system can have authority over other node. A bidding scheme is employed far negotiation between order agent and resource agents. The CDSC system can support re-negotiation among resource agents and an algorithm for re-negotiation is also developed. Experimental results are shown to advocate the effectiveness of the CDSC system for CIM environments.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.229-244
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• 1997

Realization of the economical, reliable, and efficient ATM interface block becomes an important key to development of the ATM switching system when we consider new issues raised recently. In this paper, we summarize requirements for the ATM interface block and present the UNI (User Network Interface)/NNI (Network Node Interface) architecture to meet these requirements. We also evaluate the performance of the multiplexer adopting the various multiplexing schemes and service disciplines. For ATM UNI/NNI interface technologies, we have developed a new policing device using the priority encoding scheme. It can reduce the decision time for policing significantly. We have also designed a new spacer that can space out the clumped cell stream almost perfectly. This algorithm guarantees more than 99 % conformance to the negotiated peak cell rate. Finally, we propose the interface architecture for accommodation of the ABR (Available Bit Rate) transfer capability. The proposed structure that performs virtual source and virtual destination functions as well as a switch algorithm can efficiently accommodate the ABR service.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.07d
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• pp.2614-2616
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• 2002

According to the appearance of various virtual websites using multimedia technologies for engineering education, the internet applications in engineering education have drawn much interests. But unidirectional communication, simple text/image based webpages and tedious learning process without motivation etc. have made the lowering of educational efficiency in cyberspace. Thus, to cope with these difficulties this paper presents a web-based educational Flash movies based on ActionScript language for understanding the principles of the computer system architecture. The proposed Flash movies provides the improved learning methods which can enhance the interests of learners. The results of this paper can be widely used to improve the efficiency of cyberlectures in the cyber university. Several sample Flash movies are illustrated to show the validity of the proposed learning method.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.158-162
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• 2013

Building envelope systems with growing complexity in geometry and performance criteria demand adapted workflow processes toward the efficient integration of their design and fabrication. To facilitate integration of the workflow process, this study analyzes relationships among teams who share digital models and exchange information that help project participants identify areas of improvement in task allocation and exchanges among various actors, systems, and activities. In addition, major gaps identified in knowledge transfer, project tracking, and design integration during the performance evaluation stages, emphasize the need for a more comprehensive approach to integrating the design, the fabrication, and the construction parameters of building envelope systems. To evaluate the effectiveness of streamlining interactions of design parameters with fabrication constraints and constructability assessments, this paper examines a mechanical design approach as it applies to various project scenarios to develop a mechanical solution for streamlining building envelope design and construction workflow.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.1089-1095
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• 2023

Windows are essential and important architectural elements for the organization of architectural spaces, and they give character to the space and have a great impact on the reaction of users. Virtual windows are installed to activate architectural spaces such as underground spaces where windows cannot be installed, and to provide a sense of psychological security to users in hospital clinics, etc. In this study, we reviewed the literature and collected and analyzed the precedents of virtual windows to discuss the factors necessary to improve the realism of virtual windows. The factors that affect the realism of virtual windows are further grouped into five categories: 1. Use of reproduced images or videos for views, 2. Representation of temporality, 3. Responsiveness to changes in the observer's perspective, 4. Realistic reproduction of sunlight, and 5. Provision of non-visual sensory elements. Virtual windows are not just a replacement for traditional windows, but a way to realize a virtual environment using digital media, and it is necessary to expand the discussion to the realization of the virtual environment and the relationship with architectural elements.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.690-696
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• 2010

Web-based virtual collaboration is increasingly gaining popularity in almost every area in our society due to the fact that it can bridge the gap imposed by time and geographical constraints. However, in medical field, such collaboration has been less popular than other fields. Some of the reasons were timeliness, security, and preciseness of the information they are dealing with. In this paper, we are proposing a web-based distributed medical collaboration system called Virtual Collaboration System for Medicine (VCSM) for medical doctors that meet the needs. The proposed system consists of two parts - multimedia presentation and recordable virtual collaboration. The former supports synchronized multimedia presentation using Synchronous Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL.) It allows synchronization of the contents of a PowerPoint presentation file and a video file. The presentation may be provided to the participants before the discussion begins. Next, in the virtual collaboration stage, participants can use text along with associated symbols during the discussion over the presented medical images. The symbols such as arrows or polygons can be set or removed dynamically to represent areas of interest in digital images using so called layered architecture that separates image layer from annotation layer. XML files are used to record participants' opinions along with the symbols over some particular images