• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1999년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.639-642
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• 1999

There exist geometrically invariant relations in single-view images under a specific geometrical structure. This invariance may be utilized for 3D object recognition. Two types of invariants are compared in terms of the robustness to the variation of the feature points. Deviation of the invariant relations are measured by adding random noise to the feature point location. Zhu’s invariant requires six points on adjacent planes having two sets of four coplanar points, whereas the Kaist method requires four coplanar points and two non-coplanar points. Experimental results show that the latter method has the advantage in choosing feature points while suffering from weak robustness to the noise.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.355-379
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• 2021

In this article, we investigated plane figures introduced in elementary school mathematics in the perspective of traditional classification, and also analyzed plane figures focused on the invariance of plane figures out of traditional classification. In the view of traditional classification, how to treat trapezoids was a key argument. In the current mathematics curriculum of the elementary school mathematics, the concept of sliding, flipping, and turning are introduced as part of development activities of spatial sense, but it is rare to apply them directly to figures. For example, how are squares and rectangles different in terms of symmetry? One of the main purposes of geometry learning is the classification of figures. Thus, the activity of classifying plane figures from a symmetrical point of view has sufficiently educational significance from Klein's point of view.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2011년도 한국컴퓨터종합학술대회논문집 Vol.38 No.1(C)
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• pp.429-432
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• 2011

Recognizing human activities from image sequences is an active area of research in computer vision. Most of the previous work on activity recognition focuses on recognition from a single view and ignores the issue of view invariance. In this paper, we present an independent Gabor features (IGFs) method comes from the derivation of independent Gabor features in the feature extraction stage. The Gabor transformed human image exhibit strong characteristics of spatial locality, scale and orientation selectivity.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 1987

다변량 정규모집단에서 공분산행렬의 m.l.e.를 유도하기 위하여 m.l.e.의 불변성에 기초를 둔 Anderson의 방법은 그 절차의 단순성이라는 측면에서 일반적으로 선호되고 있다. 본고는 공통요인분석모형이나 Simplex 구조모형과 같은 다변량구조모형에서 이 접근방법을 적용하여 요구되는 m.l.e.를 구하는 과정을 보이고 있다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.215-233
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• 2008

Deep comprehension of basic mathematical notions and concepts is a basic condition of a successful teaching. Some elements of algebraic thinking belong to the elementary school mathematics. The question "What stays the same and what changes?" link arithmetic problems with algebraic conception of variable. We have studied beliefs and comprehensions of future elementary school mathematics teachers on early algebra. Pre-service teachers from three academic pedagogical colleges deal with mathematical problems from the pre-algebra point of view, with the emphasis on changes and invariants. The idea is that the intensive use of non-formal algebra may help learners to construct a better understanding of fundamental ideas of arithmetic on the strong basis of algebraic thinking. In this article the study concerning arithmetic series is described. Considerable number of pre-service teachers moved from formulas to deep comprehension of the subject. Additionally, there are indications of ability to apply the conception of change and invariance in other mathematical and didactical contexts.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제31B권2호
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• pp.69-79
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• 1994

The conventional machine vision system which has uniform rectangular grid requires tremendous amount of computation for processing and analysing an image especially in 2-D image transfermations such as scaling, rotation and 3-D reconvery problem typical in robot application environment. In this study, the imaging system with nonuiformly distributed image sensors simulating human visual system, referred to as Ploar Exponential Grid(PEG), is compared with the existing conventional uniform rectangular grid system in terms of image resolution and computational complexity. By mimicking the geometric structure of the PEG sensor cell, we obtained PEG-like images using computer simulation. With the images obtained from the simulation, image resolution of the two systems are compared and some basic image processing tasks such as image scaling and rotation are implemented based on the PEG sensor system to examine its performance. Furthermore Fourier transform of PEG image is described and implemented in image analysis point of view. Also, the range and heading-angle measurement errors usually encountered in 3-D coordinates recovery with stereo camera system are claculated based on the PEG sensor system and compared with those obtained from the uniform rectangular grid system. In fact, the PEC imaging system not only reduces the computational requirements but also has scale and rotational invariance property in Fourier spectrum. Hence the PEG system has more suitable image coordinate system for image scaling, rotation, and image recognition problem. The range and heading-angle measurement errors with PEG system are less than those of uniform rectangular rectangular grid system in practical measurement range.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.489-505
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• 2011

This study is an analysis on the focus of textbooks regarding the statistical chapters of "measures of representative(central tendency) and of the spread". Applying the summary-concept criteria of Juhyeon Nam(2007), 4 kinds of aspect of the chapter; (1) definition and its teleological validity of the measures of representative, (2) definition and practical value of the measures of spread (3) distributional form on the measures of representative and of spread (4) location and scale preservation or invariance of the measures of representative and of spread were observed. On the measures of representative, some definitions were insufficient to check the teleological validity of the measure. Most definitions of the measure of spread were based on the practical view points but no preparation for the future statistical inferences were found even by implication. Some books mention about the measures of representative and of spread for distributions, but we could not find any comments on the correspondence between the sample mean and the expectation of a distribution or population mean. However it is stimulant that some books check the validity of corresponding measures with the location and scale preservation or invariant property, that were not found in the previous curriculum.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1991

다변량분산분석이나 판별분석 등에 있어서 검정의 대상이 되는 공분산행렬의 동일성에 대한 붓스트랩방법의 활용을 살펴보았다. 두 모집단의 공분산행렬을 $\Sigma_1, \Sigma_2^$라 하면, 가설 H : $\Sigma_1 = \Sigma_2$은 불변성의 관점에서 $\Sigma = \Sigma_1 \Sigma_2^{-1}$의 고유값들이 모두 1 이라는 것과 동등하다. 본 연구에서는 (1) $\Sigma = \Sigma_1 \Sigma_2^{-1}$의 표본고유값들에 대한 편의를 붓스트랩에 의해 정정하였으며, (2) 이들의 표본분포를 붓스트랩분포로 추정하여 검정에 활용하였으며, (3) 합동붓스트랩에 의해 바플렛의 수정우도비 검정통계량의 분포를 근사하였다.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.142-152
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• 2019

기존 방송 콘텐츠 대비 더욱 생생한 현장감을 주는 초고해상도 콘텐츠에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 하지만 기존의 방송 서비스에서 초고해상도 콘텐츠를 제공하기 위해서는 영상 획득 장치의 화각 및 개별 해상도 한계가 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 여러대의 입력 장치를 통한 영상합성 방법인 스티칭에 대한 연구가 다수 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존 스티칭 연구에서의 단점 중 하나인 수평방향으로 촬영된 영상들 정합과정에서 이동하는 물체의 시불변성 훼손을 극복하기 위해, 최소 오류 경계를 활용한 동적 물체 기반 동영상 정합 방안을 제안한다.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.271-274
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 비전 기술에 기반을 둔 손 모양 인식 시스템의 성능 향상을 위해 학습을 통해 손 모양과 손 구조 간 유사도를 결정하는 방법을 제안한다. 비전 센서에 기반을 둔 손 모양 인식은 손의 높은 자유도로 인한 자체 가림 현상과 관찰 방향 변화에 따른 입력 영상의 다양함으로 인해 인식에 어려움이 따른다. 따라서 비전 기반 손 모양 인식의 경우, 카메라와 손 간의 상대적인 각도에 제한을 두거나 여러 대의 카메라를 배치하는 것이 일반적이다. 그러나 카메라와 손 간의 상대적 각도에 제한을 두는 경우에는 사용자의 움직임에 제약이 따르게 되며, 여러 대의 카메라를 사용할 경우에는 각 입력된 영상에 대한 인식 결과를 최종 인식 결과에 반영하는 방식에 대해서 추가적으로 고려해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 비전 기반 손 모양 인식의 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위하여 인식의 과정에서 사용되는 손 모양 특징을 손 구조적인 각도 정보와 손 영상 특징으로 나누고, 학습을 통해 각 특징 간 연관성을 정의한다.