• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.732-737
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to compare the SMD(Sauter mean diameter) with different vibrant plates. Each vibrant plates have different surface roughness. Also liquid film thickness are measured for explanation how to concern atomization. Ultrasonic waves is used for vibration. Immersion liquid method is used for the measure of SMD and also liquid film thickness is measured using of point needle method. Distilled water and gasoline fuel are used to liquids. Supplied liquid flow rates are $18{\sim}296cc/min$. Centerline average roughness of vibrant plates are 0.5, 2.0, 4.7, $9.5\;{\mu}m$ and diameter of vibrant plate is 60mm. In result, good atomization of liquid is obtained in widen flow rates. The mean droplet size is increased in orders of 4.7, 2.0. 9.5, $0.5\;{\mu}m$ surface roughness. Distilled water has a big mean droplet size than gasoline fuel in low flow rate. Above the 78cc/min flow rates, distilled water has a small mean droplet size than gasoline fuel. Liquid films changes are measured with ultrasonic power. Also, cavitation effect on sprays is observed.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2020

In this study, basic data with respect to the introduction of Hipphophae rhamnoides L. and its cultivation in Korea could be obtained. According to the size of the plug cell tray, Chinese origin's rate of seed germination was relatively high in 128 plug cell tray, and growth was vibrant in 50 plug cell tray. The germination and growth of Russian origin seeds showed that they were relatively effective in 50 plug cell tray and with respect to soil environment, TKS-2 soil with untreated shading relatively promoted both germination and growth for Chinese origin, the rate of germination was high in bed soil for horticulture and growth result was good in TKS-2 in the case of Russian origin. It was confirmed that the germination rate of Chinese origin H. rahmnoides L. was highest in untreated shading and the shoot growth was vibrant in 70% shading while the growth in roots was vibrant in the untreated shading. In the Russian origin, H. rhamnoides L. the germination rate in 30% and 70% shading was about 50% which was higher than that in the untreated shading and general growth was vibrant in 30% shading.

• Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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• v.61 no.12
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• pp.705-709
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• 2018

It is challenging to achieve sufficient hearing gain in patients with mixed hearing loss. In chronic middle ear diseases, conventional passive reconstructive surgeries often result in suboptimal hearing gain and additional hearing aids may have limitations due to insufficient sound amplification, occlusion effect, acoustic feedback, and skin irritation. Middle ear implantation (MEI) using Vibrant Soundbridge (VSB) is another option for auditory rehabilitation in mixed hearing loss as well as sensorineural hearing loss. The floating mass transducer of VSB can be placed on various middle ear structures either directly or using different types of couplers in order to deliver vibratory mechanical energy to the cochlea. We report a patient who presented with bilateral mixed hearing loss due to chronic otitis media and had limitations using conventional hearing aids in the worse hearing ear. The patient was successfully treated with MEI using the Bell coupler together with middle ear surgery in a single step.

• 열린충남
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• s.46
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• pp.78-87
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• 2009

• Journal of Korea Fair Competition Federation
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• no.125
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• pp.105-117
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• 2006

The policy of th United States...to preserve the vibrant and competitive free market that presently exists for the Internet and other interactive computer services, unfettered by Federal or State regulation

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.3925-3942
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• 2016

Like natural climate change on the planet earth, the climate in software development environments is also changing (fast). Like the natural weather, the software environment is also disruptive. As the climate experts alert and suggest taking necessary measures to overcome certain challenges to make this earth a safer and comfortable living place, likewise this article also alerts the relevant stakeholders of software craftsmanship about the dynamic challenges that traditional Software Engineering (SE) with purely "Engineering mind-set" is not capable to respond. Hence, some new thoughts to overcome such challenges are shared. Fundamentally, based on the historical evidences, this article presents the authors' observation about continuous shift from traditional "Engineering-based" software development approaches to disruptive approaches - "Vibrant Softology". The authors see the cause of this shift as disruptive transformational force, which is so powerful that it is uncontrollably diminishing the "Engineering-based" approach from software development environments. The authors align it with climate change analogy. Based on this analogy, the authors feel the need to theoretically re-coin the notion of SE to some new term; perhaps Vibrant/Dynamic Softology (VS or DS). Hence, the authors suggest "a new (disruptive and dynamic) way of thinking is required to develop software". It is worth mentioning that the purpose of article and this new theory is not to disparage the notion of software engineering altogether, rather the aim is to highlight the importance of transformation from SE to its next level (perhaps VS/DS) due to the emerging needs in the software craftsmanship environment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2007

As one of the important metropolitan cities in Asia, Seoul shows vibrant atmosphere in the night as well as daytime. Colorful signboards and outdoor lightings are consists of major night elements. In this research, nightscapes of four major streets in Seoul are photographed to analyze the image of Seoul at night. After preparing of slides, questionnaire survey is conducted to study people's subjective responses on the images of streets at night. After survey, SPSS 10.0 statistical program was used to analyze the results of subjective responses on the nightscapes in Seoul. According to the result, night streetscape 4(showing and business district)shows vibrant and interesting image. Meanwhile, streetscape 1(high-rise with exterior lighting in showing district)shows beautiful and harmonious image. Major factor's are named as 'harmonious' and 'vibrant'. Variable 'arranged' shows the highest coefficient to the variable 'harmonious'. Every variables except the variable 'warm' shows significant difference among the mean values of each variables.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.33-47
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• 2017

This mixed-use Raffles City (RCH) development is located near the Qiantang River in Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang province, located southwest of Shanghai, China. The project incorporates retail, offices, housing, and hotel facilities and marks the site of a cultural landscape within the Quianjiang New Town Area. The project is composed of two 250-meter-tall twisting towers with a form of vibrant waves, along with a commercial podium and three stories of basement car parking. It reaches a height of 60 stories, presenting views both to and from the Qiantang River and West Lake areas, with a total floor area of almost 400,000 square meters. A composite moment frame plus concrete core structural system was adopted for the tower structures. Concrete filled steel tubular (CFT) columns together with steel reinforced concrete (SRC) beams form the outer moment frame of the towers' structure. The internal slabs and floor beams are of reinforced concrete. This paper presents the engineering design and construction of this highly complex project. Through comprehensive discussion and careful elaboration, some conclusions are reached, which serve as a reference guide for the design and construction of similar free-form, hybrid, mix-use buildings.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.152-159
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• 2021

Small local businesses such as corner shops and street markets have been severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and declining consumption. A community currency is a local currency that can be used to exchange for one of the local currencies within an online community. Community currencies can be effective not only in supporting small businesses, but also in helping the local economy more vibrant, benefiting consumers in the community. An important goal of Community Currency is to foster a vibrant local economy by building mutually beneficial relationships between local business owners and customers. The purpose of this study was to identify how the existing community currencies of participating SMEs and self-employed in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do metropolitan areas contributed to commercial revitalization by category and to suggest a new or better approach to community currency operation. It also focused on presenting the best solutions for the future direction of mobile community currencies, measures that are better than current currency operations, revitalize the community and develop the economy.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.91-98
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• 2008

Social Enterprise (SE) has a vital role to play in helping meet some main commitments for Korea-growing economy; supporting stronger communities; closing opportunity gap-together with the developing a vibrant third sector. The Strategy and action plan is intend to grow and develop us of social enterprise business model in Korea. The sustainable strategy and action plan will be useful for Korea's Social enterprise. This paper will suggest that from the sustainable strategy to action plan of social enterprise in Korea.