• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.71-89
• /
• 2023

A groundwater potential map (GPM) was built for the Nakdonggang River Basin based on ten variables, including hydrogeologic unit, fault-line density, depth to groundwater, distance to surface water, lineament density, slope, stream drainage density, soil drainage, land cover, and annual rainfall. To integrate the thematic layers for GPM, the criteria were first weighted using the Analytic Hierarchical Process (AHP) and then overlaid using the Technique for Ordering Preferences by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) model. Finally, the groundwater potential was categorized into five classes (very high (VH), high (H), moderate (M), low (L), very low (VL)) and verified by examining the specific capacity of individual wells on each class. The wells in the area categorized as VH showed the highest median specific capacity (5.2 m³/day/m), while the wells with specific capacity < 1.39 m³/day/m were distributed in the areas categorized as L or VL. The accuracy of GPM generated in the work looked acceptable, although the specific capacity data were not enough to verify GPM in the studied large watershed. To create GPMs for the determination of high-yield well locations, the resolution and reliability of thematic maps should be improved. Criterion values for groundwater potential should be established when machine learning or statistical models are used in the GPM evaluation process.

• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.45 no.6
• /
• pp.572-577
• /
• 2007

To enhance therapeutic potential of murine monoclonal antibody, humanization by CDR grafting is usually used to reduce immunogenic mouse residues. Most humanized antibodies still have mouse residues critical for antigen binding, but the mouse residues may evoke immune responses in humans. Previously, we constructed a new humanized version (AKA) of mouse CC49 antibody specific for tumor-associated glycoprotein, TAG-72. In this study, to select a completely human antibody light chain against TAG-72, guided selection strategy using phage display was used. The heavy chain variable region (VH) of AKA was used to guide the selection of a human TAG-72-specific light chain variable region (VL) from a human VL repertoire constructed from human PBL. Most of the selected VLs were identified to be originated from the members of the human germline VK1 family, whereas the VL of AKA is more homologous to the VK4 family. Competition binding assay of the selected Fabs with mouse CC49 suggested that the epitopes of the Fabs overlap with that of CC49. In addition, they showed better antigen-binding affinity compared to parental AKA. The selected human VLs may be used to guide the selection of human VHs to get completely human anti-TAG72 antibody.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.133-138
• /
• 2003

In this paper, we analyzed a two-branch polarization diversity at a mobile station in NLOS environment when a base station transmits a circularly polarized wave. In order to calculate the correlation coefficient considering the XPD(cross polarization discrimination) between the received signals for the two diversity branches, a simple theoretical model of circular polarization diversity is adopted. From the analysis results, it can be seen that the XPD of circularly polarized wave is less than vertically polarized wave about 6~7 dB in measurement results. And also, it is clearly seen that the correlation coefficient of circular polarization diversity evaluated by the XPD is less than that of vertical polarization diversity.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.1002-1004
• /
• 2003

A ground-based, C-band full polarimetric mobile Scatterometer system has been developed in Malaysia with collaboration between Malaysian Centre for Remote Sensing (MACRES) and Multimedia University (MMU). The main purpose of this system is to measure and monitor backscattering coefficient, ${\sigma }^0$, for earth terrain such as paddy fields, forest and soil surfaces. This paper describes the preliminary results on radar backscatter measurement from paddy field using the mobile C-band Scatterometer system. The measurement campaign was conducted at Sungai Burung area in April 2003. Real time data were collected using four polarization modes (HH, HV, VV and VH), at various incidence angles ranging from 0$^0$ to 60$^0$. The measurement data show consistent results as compared to other reports, which verify the capability of this Scatterometer system as a useful tool for remote sensing.

• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.111-121
• /
• 2003

Recombinant single chain Fv (scFv) antibodies offer many advantages over mouse monoclonal antibodies such as faster clearance from blood, improved tumor localization, reduced human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA) response, and the availability to manipulate the scFv through genetic approaches. The recombinant phage display was constructed using lym-l hybridoma cells as a source of genetic starting material. mRNA was isolated from the corresponding antibodies hybridoma cells. VH and VL cDNA were amplified with RT-PCR and linked with ScFv by linker DNA to form ScFv DNA, which then were inserted into phagemid pCANTAB5E. The phage of positive clones selected with tube containing raji lymphoma cell and infected by competent E. coli HB2151 to express soluble scFv. The scFv lym-l was secreted into the cytosol and culture supernatant and shown to be of expected size (approximately 32 kDa) by western blot. An active scFv lym-l could be produced in E. coli with soluble form and high yield from hybridoma cell line, using phage display system. Immunoreactivity indicated that scFv lym1 showed a potential biding affinity against the raji lymphoma cell as its parental antibody (intact lym-l Ab).

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
• /
• 2007.10a
• /
• pp.633-636
• /
• 2007

The objective of this study is to measure backscattering coefficients of paddy rice using L, C, X-bands scatterometer system during a rice growth period. The measurement was conducted at an experimental field located in National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology (NIAST), Suwon, Korea. The rice cultivar was a kind of Japonica type, called Chuchung. The scatterometer system consists of dual-polarimetric square horn antennas, HP8720D vector network analyzer (20MHz ${\sim}$ 20GHz), RF cables, and a personal computer that controls frequency, polarization and data storage. The scatterometer system is calibrated using a calibration kit (3.5mm, 85052D). The backscattering coefficients were calculated by applying radar equation for the measured at incidence angles between $20^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ for four polarization (HR, VV, HV, VH), respectively, and compared with rice growth data such as plant height, stem number, biomass, dry weight and LAI that were collected at time of each scatterometer measurement simultaneously.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.97-102
• /
• 1997

A medium energy ion scattering spectroscopy(ME1S) system has been developed and tested.In the MEIS system a toroidal electrostatic energy analyzer(TEA) and a two dimensional position sensitivedetector(PSD) were used. The energy resolution of MEIS system was estimated to be less than $4\times 10^{-3}$ and the overall angular resolution was less than 0.3". From the MEIS spectrum of $Ta_2O_5$(300 $\AA$)/ onSi analyzedousing 60 keV $H^+$, the energy loss factor(S.1 and depth resolution were estimated to he 42 eV/$\AA$ and 9.7 $\AA$, respectively. Also Si(100) surface was analyzed using the MEIS system. A random MElSspectrum was obtained from thc Si(100) covered with native oxide layers. At the double alignment condition, MElS spectrum showed ;i Si surface peak, a oxygen peak and a carbon peak.nd a carbon peak.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.531-546
• /
• 2009

The main objective of this study is to analyse the polarimetric characteristics of the various terrain targets by ground-based polarimetric SAR system and to confirm the compatible and effective polarimetric analysis method to reveal the polarization properties of different terrain targets by the GB-SAR. The fully polarimetric GB-SAR data with HH, HV, VH, and VV components were focused using the Deramp-FFT (DF) algorithm. The focused GB-SAR images were processed by the H/A/$\alpha$ polarimetric decomposition and the combined H/$\alpha$ or H/A/$\alpha$ and Wishart classification method. The segmented image and distribution graphs in H/$\alpha$ plane using Cloude and Pottier's method showed a reliable result that this quad-polarization GB-SAR data could be useful to classified corresponding scattering mechanism. The H/$\alpha$-Wishart and H/A/$\alpha$-Wishart classification results showed that a natural media and an artificial target were discriminated by the combined classification, in particular, after applying multi-looking and the Lee refined speckle filter.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2019.05a
• /
• pp.141-141
• /
• 2019

토양수분은 수문 분석에 있어 매우 중요한 인자 중 하나이며 최근 기후변화로 인한 가뭄, 홍수 및 산불발생과 같은 물 관련 재해 발생에 직 간접적으로 영향을 미치기 때문에 지표 토양수분산정은 매우 중요하다. Sentinel-1 SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar)는 능동형 위성으로 10m의 공간해상도로 제공되기 때문에 기존의 토양수분 전용위성인 SMOS(Soil Moisure and Ocean Salinity), SMAP(Soil Moisture Active Passive) 및 GCOM-W1(Global Change Observation Mission Water) 등 다르게 고해상도 토양수분 산정이 가능하다. 그러나 Sentinel-1 SAR 센서에서는 고해상도 지표 관측 이미지 자료만 제공하며, 토양수분 자료를 직접적으로 제공하지 않는다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 2018년도 Sentinel-1 A/B IW(Interferometric Wide swath) 모드의 VH(Vertical Transmit - Horizontal Receive) 편파 영상과 Sentinel-1 SAR 위성자료 전처리 도구인 SNAP(Sentinel Application Platform)을 이용하여 후방산란계수를 산정하였으며, 산정된 후 방산란계수와 농촌진흥청에서 제공하는 65개 지점의 실측 TDR(Time Domain Reflectrometry) 토양수분의 관계를 이용하여 회귀모형을 도출 및 토양수분 공간분포를 산정하였다. 비록 불확실성은 어느정도 발생 하였으나, 전체적으로 TDR 관측값과 $10m{\times}10m$ 해상도의 Sentinel-1 SAR 기반 토양수분이 일치하는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구 결과는 수문, 농업, 산림, 재해 등 다양한 분야에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2021.06a
• /
• pp.117-117
• /
• 2021

본 연구에서는 Sentinel-1A/B C-band SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar) 위성영상을 기반으로 인공신경망(Artificial Neural Network, ANN) 모형을 활용해 금강 유역 상류 40×50 km² 면적에 대한 토양수분을 산정하였다. 10 m 공간 해상도의 Sentinel-1A/B SAR 영상은 8일 간격으로 2015년부터 2019년까지 5년 동안 구축하였고, SNAP(SentiNel Application Platform)을 통해 기하 보정, 방사 보정 및 잡음(Noise) 보정을 수행하고 VV 및 VH 편파 후방산란계수로 변환하였다. ANN 모형 검증자료로 TDR(Time Domain Reflectometry)로 측정된 9개 지점의 실측 토양수분 자료를 구축하였으며, 수문학적 개념인 선행강우를 고려하기 위해 동지점에 대한 강수량 자료를 구축하였다. ANN은 각 지점에 해당하는 토양 속성별로 모델링하고, 전체 기간 및 계절별로 나누어 모의하였으며, 전체 자료의 60%와 40%를 각각 훈련 및 테스트 데이터로 사용하였다. 산정된 토양수분은 상관계수(Correlation Coefficient, R)와 평균제곱근오차(Root Mean Square Error, RMSE)를 활용하여 검증을 수행할 예정이다.