• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.212-219
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• 2023

Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) area presents a complex traffic pattern due to ships entering or leaving the port to utilize port facilities, as well as ships passing through the coastal area. To ensure safe and efficient management of maritime traffic, VTS operators continuously monitor and control vessels in real time. However, during periods of high traffic congestion, the workload of VTS operators increases, which can result in delayed or inadequate VTS services. Therefore, it would be beneficial to predict traffic congestion and congested areas to enable more efficient traffic control. Currently, such prediction relies on the experience of VTS operators. In this paper, we defined vessel traffic congestion from the perspective of a VTS operator. We proposed a method to generate traffic networks using historical navigational data and predict traffic congestion and congested areas. Experiments were performed to compare prediction results with real maritime data (Daesan port VTS) and examine whether the proposed method could support VTS operators.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.517-523
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• 2010

There are enormous challenges in the Istanbul Strait- one of the most important, congested and narrow waterways in the world - from the view point of risk determination and risk mitigation for the local traffic. Previously several traffic parameters such as; traffic volume for local vessels, traffic flow and potential encounters of local traffic, in addition to the possibility of collision, were investigated in order to determine the degree of dangers in the southern entrance of the Istanbul Strait. Furthermore, risky zones were also determined in this waterway. On the basis of the results of those, a group of expert was surveyed. These experts were pilots, Vessel Traffic Services Operators (VTS-O), Local Traffic Vessel Captains and Master Mariners who had several experience of navigation through the Istanbul Strait. In order to assess experts perceptions of danger and to propose further studies based on this survey. The questionnaire was analyzed by using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) program version 13.0. Finally, some differences and/or shares on risk perceptions of expert in the Istanbul Strait are considered.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.759-766
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• 2020

In recent years, the maritime traffic environment has been changing in various ways, and the traffic volume has been increasing constantly. Accordingly, the requirements for maritime traffic analysis have become diversified. To this end, traffic characteristics must first be analyzed using vessel trajectory data. However, as the conventional method is mostly manual, it requires a considerable amount of time and effort, and errors may occur during data processing. In addition, ensuring the reliability of the analysis results is difficult, because this method considers the subjective opinion of analysts. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an automated method of traffic network generation for maritime traffic analysis. In the experiment, spatiotemporal features are analyzed using data collected at Mokpo Harbor over six months. The proposed method can automatically generate a traffic network reflecting the traffic characteristics of the experimental area. In addition, it can be applied to a large amount of trajectory data. Finally, as the spatiotemporal characteristics can be analyzed using the traffic network, the proposed method is expected to be used in various maritime traffic analyses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.10 no.2 s.21
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• pp.29-34
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• 2004

The marine traffic congestion has increased due to the expansion of vessel traffic volume in Korean coastal waterway these days. Heavy traffic could bring serious marine casualties which cause the loss of human lives, properties and marine pollution in coastal area. In this paper, the probability analysis of marine casualties in Korean coast. To achieve this aim, clears up the cause of accident and examines closely the mutual relations among marine casualties, weather condition, and marine traffic volume. These casualties are classified into several patterns or the point of view of ship's size, ship's type and ship's age and its characteristics of each pattern are described In detail.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.13-18
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• 2004

The marine traffic congestion has increased due to the expansion of vessel traffic volume in Korean coastal waterway these days. Heavy traffic could bring serious marine casualties which cause the loss of human lives, properties and marine pollution in coastal area. In this paper. the probability analysis of marine casualties in Korean coastal To achieve this aim, clears up the cause of accident and examines closely the mutual relations among marine casualties, weather condition, and marine traffic volume. These casualties are classified into several pattens or the point of view of ship‘s size, ship’s type and ship‘s age and its characteristics of each patten are described in detail.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.321-330
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• 2022

Busan New Port manages the largest volume of traffic among Korean ports, and accounts for 68.5% of the total volume of the Busan port. Due to this increase in volume, ultra large container ships call at Busan New Port. When the additional south container terminal as well as ongoing construction project of the west container terminal are completed, various encounters may occur at the Busan New Port entrance, which may cause collision risk.s Thus, the purpose of this study was to provide a plan to improve the safety of vessel traffic, in the in/out bound fairway of Busan New Port. For this purpose, the status of arrivals and departures of vessels in Busan New Port, was examined through maritime traffic flow analysis. Additionally, risk factors and safety measures were identified, by AHP analysis with ship operators of the study area. Also, based on the derived safety measures, scenarios were set using the Environmental Stress model (ES model), and the traffic risk level of each safety measure was identified through simulation. As a result, it is expected that setting the no entry area for one-way traffic would have a significant effect on mitigating risks at the Busan New Port entrance. This study can serve as a basis for preparing safety measures, to improve the navigation of vessels using Busan New Port. If safety measures are prepared in the future, it is necessary to verify the safety by using the traffic volume and flow changes according to the newly-opened berths.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 2003

Marine traffic management could be defined as the implementation of managerial technical measures to improve vessel traffic safety. The managerial elements of vessel traffic management for ports and harbours or narrow channels include the total amount of traffic control, the vessel traffic separation scheme, speed restriction, traffic control by signals, the navigation information service and so forth. This research aims to quantify how much the traffic separation schemes(TSS) contribute to the alleviation effect of ship handling difficulty and to propose a design standard when the individual management measure is applied in an actual waterway. Traffic separation schemes have now been established in most of the major routes and congested waters of the world, and the number of collisions and groundings have often been dramatically reduced. In this part, the relationship between the alleviation of ship handling difficulty and the reduction of encounter figures among ships is quantitatively clarified by applying the ES model. As results of simulation analysis, it is recognized that a traffic separation system is most effective in the case of narrow width and heavy traffic volume. The centre buoy installation reduces about 1/4 of the alleviation of ship handling difficulty, TSS establishment 1/3, and design change to one-way traffic from two-way traffic reduces 1/2.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.277-282
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• 2018

Recently, the Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) coverage has expanded to include coastal areas following the increased attention on vessel traffic safety. However, it has increased the workload on the VTS operators. In some cases, when the traffic volume increases sharply during the rush hour, the VTS operator may not be aware of the risks. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed a new method to recognize ship movement anomalies automatically to support the VTS operator's decision-making. The proposed method generated traffic pattern model without any category information using the unsupervised learning algorithm.. The anomaly score can be calculated by classification and comparison of the trained model. Finally, we reviewed the experimental results using a ship-handling simulator and the actual trajectory data to verify the feasibility of the proposed method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.635-641
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• 2019

Domestic southwest offshore wind farms have problems such as the reduction in fishing rights by prohibiting vessel traffic, which delays their development. As such, there is a need to develop offshore windfarms in Europe to permit the passage of vessels and fishing operations in specific offshore windfarm areas. In this study, we used the environmental stress (ES model) and the IALA Waterway Risk Assessment Program (IWRAP) to determine the ratio of risk to the route type (cross pattern, grid pattern) and traffic volume (present, 3 times, 5 times and 10 times) to derive the risk factors of specific vessels for offshore windfarms. As a result, ship operators' risk related to offshore windfarms did not rise in both route types and there was no significant difference in the annual probability of collision in the present traffic volume. In conditions that increased traffic volume by 3 times, 5 times and 10 times, the risk ratio increased as ship operator risk and collision probability increased at the crossing points. Furthermore, when the traffic volume of the ship increased, the risk could be more effectively distributed in the grid route compared to the cross route. The results of this study are expected to apply to the operation type, route operation method, safety measures, etc. in offshore wind farms.