• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.377-389
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• 2014

The vacuum consolidation method which was proposed by Kjellman in 1952 has been studied extensively and used successfully since early 1980 throughout the world, especially in East and Southeast Asia. Despite the increased successful use, different opinions still exist, especially in connection to distribution of vacuum with depth and time in vertical drains and in soil during preloading of soft ground. Porewater pressure measurements from actual cases of field vacuum and vacuum-fill preloading as well as laboratory studies have been examined. It is concluded that (a) a vacuum magnitude equal to that in the drainage blanket remains constant with depth and time within the vertical drains, (b) as expected, vacuum does not develop at the same rate within the soil at different depths; however, under ideal conditions vacuum is expected to become constant with depth in soil after the end of primary consolidation, and (c) there exists a possibility of internal leakage in vacuum intensity at some sublayers of a soft clay and silt deposit. A case history of vacuum loading with sufficient subsurface information is analyzed using the ILLICON procedure.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.1647-1656
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• 1998

The drag reduction is the phenomenon that occurs only when the shear stress from the wall of pipe is beyond the critical point. The drag reduction increase as the molecular weight, concentration of the polymer and Reynolds number increase, but it is limited by Virk's maximum drag reduction asymptote. Because of the strong shear force for the polymer on the turbulent flow, the molecular weight and the drag reduction do not decrease. Such mechanical degradation of the polymer occurs in all polymer solvent systems. This paper is to identify and develop high performance polymer additives for fluid transportations with the benefits of turbulent drag reduction. In addition, drag reduction in vertical flow by measuring the pressure drop and local void fraction on vertical-up flow of close system is evaluated.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1501-1510
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• 2004

The pumping characteristics of a single-stage disk-type drag pump (DTDP) are calculated for the variation of the vertical clearance between a rotor and stator by the three-dimensional direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. The gas flow mainly belongs to the molecular transition flow region. Spiral channels of a DTDP are cut on the both the upper and lower sides of a rotating disk, but a stationary disk is planar. The interaction between molecules is described by the variable hard-sphere model. The no time counter method is used as a collision sampling technique. The vertical clearance has a significant effect on the pumping performance. Experiments are performed under the outlet pressure range of 0.4∼533 Pa. When the numerical results are compared with the experimental data, the numerical results agree well quantitatively

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 세계 도시지반공학 심포지엄
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• pp.1126-1131
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• 2009

Suction Drain Method is soft ground improvement technique, in which a vacuum pressure can be directly applied to the Vertical Drain Board to promote consolidation and strengthening the soft ground. This method does not require a surcharge load, different to embankment or vertical drain method. In this study, Using Suction-CAIN program, which optimize th Suction Drain method, estimate validity Suction Drain method on deep soft ground

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.8-13
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• 2005

In a multiple array of vertical cylinders, flaw patterns are very complex and very interactive between cylinders. The patterns are turbulent and non-linear depending on various factors. The gap and flow incoming velocity of upstream can affect on the downstream cylinder. In this study, the flaw characteristics around two vertical cylinders are investigated numerically and experimentally. As the gap between cylinders is changed at fixed coming velocity, the pressure distributions around cylinders are observed and compared by experimental and numerical approaches. The F.D.M and multi-block method are applied in the study. The pressures at 12 points around the cylinder are measured in the experiment. The results can be applied in the understanding and design of multiple pile array structures.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.1095-1105
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• 2005

Numerical analysis has been carried out to investigate transient turbulent convective heat transfer in a vertical tube for supercritical water near the thermodynamic critical point. Heat transfer and fluid flow in the tube we strongly coupled due to the large variations of thermodynamic and transport properties such as density, specific heat, and turbulent viscosity. As pressure in the tube approaches to the critical pressure, the properties variation with time becomes larger. Heat transfer coefficient rapidly decreases along the tube near the pseudocritical temperature at the tube wall for $P_R<1.2$. Stanton number variation with time is largely reduced in the region of gas-like phase in comparison with Nusselt number. Turbulent viscosity ratio close to the wall increases near the pseudocritical temperature and it gradually decreases with time.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제47권11호
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• pp.1067-1076
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• 2014

본 연구는 고립파를 이용하여 수중에 설치된 연직구조물에 작용하는 지진해일 파력 측정 수리실험을 수행하였다. 다수의 파압계를 이용하여 구조물에 작용하는 파압분포를 측정하였고 측정된 파압분포를 통해 파력을 산출하였다. 측정된 실험결과를 바탕으로 해안구조물 설계에 사용되는 파압예측 경험식과 비교하였고 구조물 단면현상에 따라 파압분포의 차이를 분석하였다. 또한, 구조물 전 후면에서 파고측정을 통해 입사파와 투과파를 비교하였으며 구조물의 형상이 파고변화에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.1171-1184
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• 2003

An experimental study on critical heat flux (CHF) has been performed in an internally heated vertical annulus with non-uniform heating. The CHF data for the chopped cosine heat flux have been compared with those for uniform heat flux obtained from the previous study of the authors, in order to investigate the effect of axial heat flux distribution on CHF. The local CHF with the parameters such as mass flux and critical quality shows an irregular behavior. However, the total critical power with mass flux and the average CHF with critical quality are represented by a unique curve without the irregularity. The effect of the heat flux distribution on CHF is large at low pressure conditions but becomes rapidly smaller as the pressure increases. The relationship between the critical quality and the boiling length is represented by a single curve, independent of the axial heat flux distribution. For non-uniform axial heat flux distribution, the prediction results from Doerffer et al.'s and Bowling's CHF correlations have considerably large errors, compared to the prediction for uniform heat flux distribution.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2016

일반적으로 고함수비를 가진 연약지반의 경우 압밀 촉진을 원활히 하기 위하여 연직배수재를 주로 사용하고 있다. 부산 점토는 대심도 연약지반 아래에 존재하는 모래 및 자갈 대수층에 피압이 관측되었다. 그러나 연직배수재가 설치된 연약지반에 피압이 미치는 영향에 대한 조사나 연구는 미미한 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 연직배수재가 설치된 부산 낙동강 하구 연약지반에 피압의 작용 유 무에 따른 압밀 거동을 조사하기 위해 일차원 대형 컬럼 장치를 제작하여 점토지반의 압밀 거동 실험을 수행하였다. 실험 결과 최종 침하량은 피압이 작용하는 지반이 피압이 작용하지 않는 지반보다 더 크게 나타났다. 이는 피압의 상향침투로 인해 점토층의 유효응력이 감소하여 나타난 결과로 판단된다. 또한 피압이 작용하는 지반의 경우 과잉간극수압이 완전 소산되지 않고 잔류하는 것으로 나타났으며, 비배수 전단강도는 피압이 작용하지 않는 지반에 비해 상대적으로 낮은 값을 나타내었다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1996년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.345-350
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• 1996