• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.659-667
• /
• 2018

This paper deals with the experimental study on strength the strength and deformation characteristics of short circular Concrete Filled Steel Tube (CFST) columns. Effect of vertical stiffeners on the behavior of the column is studied under axial compressive loading. Intermittently welded vertical stiffeners are used to strengthen the tubes. Stiffeners are attached to the inner surface of tube by welding through pre drilled holes on the tube. The variable of the study is the spacing of the weld between stiffeners and circular tube. A total of 5 specimens with different weld spacing (60 mm, 75 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm and 350 mm) were prepared and tested. Short CFST columns of height 350 mm, outer tube diameter of 165 mm and thickness of 4.5 mm were used in the study. Concrete of cube compressive strength $41N/mm^2$ and steel tubes with yield strength $310N/mm^2$ are adopted. The test results indicate that the strength and deformation of the circular CFST column is found to be significantly influenced by the weld spacing. The ultimate axial load carrying capacity was found to increase by 11% when the spacing of weld is reduced from 350 mm to 60 mm. The vertical stiffeners are found to effective in enhancing the initial stiffness and ductility of CFST columns. The prediction models were developed for strength and deformation of CFST columns. The prediction is found to be in good agreement with the corresponding test data.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.16-23
• /
• 2011

Experiment and numerical investigation are performed on swirling water flow in a vertical circular tube. This kind of flow is used in heat exchangers, combustion chambers, thermal power plants, and other mechanical equipment to move slurries or to convey materials. However, limited information on swirling flow in vertical circular tubes is available. In the current paper, the three-dimensional particle image velocimetry(PIV) technique is employed to compare the measured velocity profiles of water along the vertical circular tube with those of non-swirl flow. In addition, computational fluid dynamics(CFD) code was applied to calculation of the flow velocities with swirl.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.191-205
• /
• 2003

Effects of the width and location of a flow disturbing circular plate, installed at a vertical tube surface, on nucleate pool boiling heat transfer of water at atmospheric pressure have been investigated experimentally. Through the tests, changes in the degree of intensity of liquid agitation have been analyzed. The plate changes the fluid flow around the tube as well as heat transfer coefficients on the tube surface. It is identified that the plate width changes the rate of the circulating flow whereas its location changes the growth of the active agitating flow. Moreover, the flow chugging was observed at the downside of the plate.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.64-72
• /
• 1989

Laminar natural convection heat transfer from a horizontal heat exchanger tube with one infinitely long vertical plate fin has been studied by a finite-difference numerical procedure. In predicting convective heat transfer from a circular tube, the thermal boundary condition at solid fluid interface is usually assumed to be isothermal. However, in reality, the thermal boundary condition is not isothermal, and the tube has the thickness and the conductivity. So the temperature at the interface is not known a priori to the calculation. This problem has the conjugate phenomena which occur between the tube conduction and external natural convection, and between the fin conduction and external natural convection. Numerical results are obtained to determine the effects of the conductivity of solid wall and the thickness of tube wall on heat transfer. It is found that the conduction causes significant influence on the natural convection heat transfer at low K and high ${\delta}$.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제20권10호
• /
• pp.3293-3303
• /
• 1996

Numerical analyses have been performed to estimate the absorption heat and mass transfer coefficients in absorption process of the LiBr aqueous solution and the total heat and mass transfer rates in a vertical tube absorber which is coolING ed by air. Axisymmetric cylindrical coordinate system was adopted to model the circular tube and the transport equations were solved by the finite volume method. Absorption behaviors of heat and mass transfer were analyzed through falling film of the LiBr aqueous solution contacted by water vapor in tube. Effects of film Reynolds number on heat and mass transfer coefficients have been also investigated. Especially, effects of tube diameter have been considered to observe the total heat and mass transfer rates through falling film along the tube. Based on the analysis it has been found that the total mass transfer rate increases rapidly in a region with low film Reynolds number(10 ~ 40) as the film Reynolds number increases, while decreases beyond that region. The total heat and mass transfer rates increase with increasing the tube diameter.

• 태양에너지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.48-58
• /
• 1992

온도가 일정한 외벽을 열원으로 하는 수직 원통형 용기내에 채워진 물질(PCM)의 내향용융 과정에서 용기의 경사각의 변화에 따른 상변화 물질 내의 온도 분포, 용융율, 용융 에너지 등을 실험적으로 연구, 분석하였다. 상변화 물질로는 용융점 온도가 $42.5^{\circ}C$인 n-docosane paraffin($C_{22}H_{46}$)을 사용하였다. 수직 원통형 용기내에서 PCM 용융의 열전달 기구는 자연 대류에 의한 용융이 지배적인 반면 경사진 용기 내에서 용융은 자연 대류 및 고상 PCM과 용기 벽면의 직접 접촉에 의한 조합된 열전달 현상으로 나타났으며, 경사진 용기 내에서 파라핀의 용융율 및 용융에너지는 동일 온도 조건에서 수직 원통형 용기에서 보다 높은 값을 나타내었다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제47권10호
• /
• pp.687-694
• /
• 2019

초경량 항공기 구조의 날개 보로 사용되는 원통형 복합재료 날개 보는 굽힘 모멘트와 전단하중을 동시에 받고 있는 구조물이다. 하지만 기존의 일반 원통형 보는 상하부의 굽힘 모멘트, 좌우부의 전단하중을 지지하는 구조적 특성을 고려하지 못하므로 비효율적일 수 있다. 따라서 섬유각 또는 복합재료를 적절히 배열하여 효율적으로 구조물을 만드는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 원통형 복합재료 보의 굽힘강도와 전단강도의 증가를 위해 보의 단면을 상하좌우로 분할하여 적층순서를 달리함으로써 효율적인 하중지지가 가능하게 하였다. 상용 프로그램 MSC/NASTRAN을 이용한 구조해석을 통해 원호 분할각과 섬유각에 따른 수직변위, 수직변형률, 전단변형률 계산하였다. 계산 결과에 따르면 새롭게 제안된 원통형 보의 분할각과 섬유 방향각을 선택하여 구조 강도를 증가시킬 수 있음을 제시하였다.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.131-137
• /
• 2010

Background: Montgomery T-tube is widely used to maintain airway in many cases. Market-available tubes are not always fit to the trachea of each patient and need some modification such as trimming. Complications do happen in prolonged use like tracheostomy tubes. To overcome above limitations, we designed custom-made T-tube using CT data with the aid of 3D reconstruction software. Material and Method: Boundaries were extracted from neck CT data of normal person and processed by surface rendering methods. Real laryngotracheal model and tracheal inner surface-mimicking tube model were made with plaster and rubber. The main tube was designed by accumulation of circles or simple closed curves made from boundaries. Stomal tube was made by accumulation of squares due to limitation of software. Measurement data of tracheal lumen were used to custom-made T-tubes. Tracheal lumen residing portion (vertical limb) was made like circular cylinder or simple closed curved cylinder. Stomal portion (horizontal limb) was designed like square cylinder. Results: Custom made T-tube with cylindric vertical limb and horizontal limb of square cylinder was designed. Conclusion: CT data was helpful in making custom made T-tube with 3D reconstruction technique. If suitable materials are available, commercial T-tube can be printed out from 3D printers.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제35권7호
• /
• pp.907-913
• /
• 2011

Swirling flows are related to the spiral motion in the tangential direction in addition to the axial and radial direction using several swirl generators. These type of flows are used in combustion chambers to improve flame stability, heat exchanger to enhance heat transfer coefficients, agricultural spraying machines and some vertical pipes to move slurries or transport of materials. However, only a few studies three dimensional velocity profiles in a vertical pipe have been reported. In this present paper, 3 dimension particle image velocimetry(PIV) technique was employed to measure the velocity profiles in water along a vertical circular pipe with Reynolds number from 6000 to 13,000. A tangential inlet condition was used as the swirl generator to produce the required flow. The velocities were measured with swirling flow in the water along the test section using the PIV technique.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2005년도 전기학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.233-238
• /
• 2005

According to change of flow around a circular tube for freezing, measured a variety of salinity of frozen layer. This study was experimentally performed to investigate freezing behavior of sea water along a vertical cooled a circular tube with bubbly flow. The experiments were carried out for a variety of parameter, such as air-bubble method, cooled -tube temperature and air-flow rate. It was found that the experimental parameters gave a great influence on the freezing rate and the salinity of the frozen layer.