• Title/Summary/Keyword: Vehicle Accident

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Regional Traffic Safety Evalution and Identifying Driver Violations to Be Controlled by Priority (지역별 교통안전도 평가와 중점관리 법규위반사항 적출)

  • 김경환
    • Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.5-24
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    • 1994
  • The purpose of this study is to develop an accident hazard index model in order to be used for the evaluation of regional traffic safety and to develop a driver violation index model in order to identify the primary causes of traffic accidents. The accident hazard index model was developed considering the accident rates based on population and the vehicle registration. The driver violation index model was developed considering the accident rates of each item of driver violation. Using the models developed in this study, it is identified that in the provincial level analysis the degree of the traffic safety of Chungbuk, Chungnam, and Kyungbuk Province are evaluated to be low. In the county level analysis of Kyungnam Province, the degree of the traffic safety of Yangsan, Euirung, Haman, Sachun and Tongyung County are evaluated to be low. Also, it is found that the major driver violations causing accidents in the nation are driving by unlicensed drives, improper passing, and improper railroad crossing : in Kyungnam Province, improper passing is the most driver violation.

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Impact Analysis for Vehicle Accident Reconstruction (자동차 사고 재고성을 위한 충돌 해석)

  • 한인환
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.178-190
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    • 1998
  • We have developed a planar impact model with a capability of reverse calculation to reconstruct various types of automobile collisions. This topic is the main part of what is referred to as accident reconstruction. The model uses the principle of impulse and momentum, and introduces a restitution coefficient and an impulse ratio at the impact center. Based on the car-to-car collision test results, we present how to estimate the restitution coefficient and the impulse ratio from some impact conditions. To validate the model and improve its reliability in accident analysis, the collision analysis has been performer with the estimated parameters. The analysis and experimental results agree well in the kinetic energy loss and the post-impact velocity.

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The characteristics of traffic accidents and Its Counter-measures in Small-Medium City - With the case of Andong City - (중소도시 교통사고의 실태분석과 교통경찰의 대응전략 - 안동시를 중심으로)

  • Park, Dong-Kyun;Lee, Sang-Kwang
    • Korean Security Journal
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    • no.7
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    • pp.155-189
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    • 2004
  • The mission of the police as described by law is to guard the life, body and property of all citizens. Such duties should be accurately performed based on legal and democratic procedures because the works of the police are directively influencing the overall lives of the citizens by restricting their freedom. We are frequently watching the traffic police on the street or road. Traffic policing aims to reduce crime and the opportunities for criminal activity in relation to the use of roads, that is to improve road user behavior in order to reduce accidents. The characteristics of traffic accident change is not similar in each traffic condition. The purpose of this study is to analysis a type characteristics of traffic accident change, such as number of deaths and wounded persons by the time, the vehicle, the type the road, the age group. Based on the characteristics of traffic accident change, traffic accident countermeasures are proposed, in which some variable of traffic policies such as traffic facilities, traffic regulation, and traffic safety education.

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Enhancing of Security Ethics Model base on Scenario in Future Autonomous Vehicle Accident (미래 자율주행 자동차 사고에서 시나리오 기반의 보안 윤리 모델 연구)

  • Park, Wonhyung
    • Convergence Security Journal
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    • v.18 no.5_1
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    • pp.105-112
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    • 2018
  • Along with the recent technological development, autonomous vehicles are being commercialized. but The accident of autonomous driving car is becoming an issue, and safety problem of autonomous driving car is becoming a hot topic. Also There are currently no specific guidelines for clear laws and security ethics. These guidelines require a lot of information and experience. This study establishes basic guidelines based on cases of accidents from past to present. This study suggests security considerations through case study of security ethics in autonomous car accident.

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Development of an Automobile Black Box for Reconstruction Analysis of Collision Accidents (충돌사고 재구성 해석을 위한 차량 블랙박스의 개발)

  • 이원희;한인환
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.205-214
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    • 2004
  • This paper presents design concepts, specifications and performances of a newly developed Black Box, the reconstruction analysis tool with the records, and results of validation tests. The Black Box can detect crash accidents automatically, and record the vehicle's motion and driver's maneuvers during a pre-defined time period before and after the accident. The items of the Black Box included the acceleration, yaw-rate, vehicle speed, engine RPM, braking application, steering and several digital inputs for recording driver's maneuvers. To detect the accident-related-crash, it is important to understand characteristics of the crash signal, which are much different from those of normal driving. Therefore, analytical considerations should be taken in designing pre-filtering circuits and selecting appropriate parameters for identifying crash accidents. And, it is necessary to select proper combination of motion sensors and design proper pre-filtering circuits in order to describe the vehicle's motion. The analysis algorithms were developed and implemented which can perform accurate detection of crash accidents, simulating pre-crash trajectories, and calculating parameters for reconstruction analysis of crash accidents. The developed Black Box was installed on passenger cars and several types of validation tests were conducted. Through the tests, the accuracy of the recorded data and usefulness of the analysis tool for reconstruction have been validated.

Relative Positioning of Vehicles Carrying Hazardous Materials Using Real-Time Kinematic GPS

  • Kim, Hee Sung;Choi, Kwang Ho;Lee, Je Young;Lim, Joon Hoo;Chun, Se Bum;Lee, Hyung Keun
    • Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.19-31
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    • 2013
  • It is well known that the accident of vehicles carrying hazardous materials incurs huge losses economically and socially. To detect and respond rapidly against the accident of a vehicle carrying hazardous materials, it is essential to estimate the relative navigation information between the forward tractor module and the backward trailer module of the vehicle reliably and accurately. In this paper, a precise relative positioning system based on GPS is designed, implemented, and evaluated as a prerequisite to design an effective relative navigation system for the vehicle carrying hazardous materials. An experiment using field-collected 10 Hz real GPS measurements showed that the designed relative positioning system achieves 22 cm accuracy within 15 epochs by float solutions. Also, it was found that cm-level integer solutions can be generated reliably after the quick convergence of float solutions.

The Effect that Air Bag Deployment in Car Head-on Collision on Injury to Driver (승용차 정면충돌에서 에어백 전개가 운전자 손상에 미치는 영향)

  • Jeon, Hyeok-Jin;Kim, Sang-Chul;Lee, Kang-Hyun
    • Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.13-19
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of air bag deployment in passenger car head-on collisions on injuries to the driver. The drivers in head-on collisions who were brought to the emergency rooms of two hospitals from January 2011 and October 2014 were evaluated, as were the vehicles involved. The driver injury level were assessed by utilizing Collision Deformation Classification (CDC) codes, and the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) and Injury Severity Score (ISS), respectively. In this study, it was shown that the chest ISS and AIS were significantly high when an air bag only is deployed. A statistically significant difference was found in the crush extent when the driver who fastened the seatbelt was found to be affected more than the ISS 9. Even when an air bag is deployed in a head-on car collision, injury severity can vary according to accident circumstances and crash severity. Accordingly, first aid can be rapidly given, and the injured person can be quickly referred to a hospital, only if the assessment of persons involved in a vehicle accident is accurately carried out.

Analysis of Fire Accident on DC Electric Traction Vehicles Caused by Breakdown in the Line Breaker (회로 차단기 절연파괴로 인한 직류 전기철도 화재 사고사례 분석)

  • Park, Nam-Kyu;Song, Jae-Yong;Goh, Jae-Mo;Kim, Jin-Pyo;Nam, Jung-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.32 no.6
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    • pp.16-21
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    • 2017
  • Fire or electrical problem while DC electric traction vehicle operation caused by various reasons can lead to not only suspension of the operation, but also severe aftermath such as massive casualty. In this paper, fire analysis on DC electric traction vehicle caused by electrical breakdown on line breaker, which is in connection with the power supply, is presented. When the electric arc, the by-product of frequent line breaker operation, is not fully diminished, it leads to electrical breakdown and fire. Especially, electrical breakdown can be easily induced by the open-and-close operation of inner contractor inside line breaker, eventually followed by ground fault and generation of transient current. Electric arc is consequent on the ground fault and acts as possible ignition source, leading to fire. Also, during the repetitive operation of the line breaker, the contactor is separated each other and some copper powder is generated, and the copper powder provided breakdown path, resulting in fire.

Multinomial Logit Framework to Evaluate the Impact of Seating Position on Senior Occupant Injury Severity in Traffic Accidents (고령탑승자의 좌석별 상해정도에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Jaesung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.141-150
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    • 2017
  • A rapid increase in traffic accidents involving senior vehicle occupants has been an issue in Korea because of the aging of the population occurring at one of the fastest rates in the world; unfortunately, few studies beyond several looking at the effect of senior occupants on the level of accident injury severity can be found in the literature. A Multinomial logit model was estimated with Newton-Raphson algorithm to perform bias-reducing penalized likelihood optimization. Model covariates integral to developing the model were included, but the main focus was on the interaction of seating position and injury to senior vehicle occupants. It was found that the likelihood of an accident resulting in a fatality increased: 2.2 times for the driver seat, 2.7 times for the front passenger seat, and even 6.7 times for the rear seat. A mandatory seatbelt law to be extended to the rear seat needs to pass the assembly as soon as possible, and government, industry, and safety groups should be encouraged to join forces to strongly carry out targeted campaigns for the wearing of seatbelts in all vehicle seats to enhance the safety of senior occupants as well as other occupants who are vulnerable to road traffic accidents.

An Efficient Broadcast Scheme for Disseminating Emergency Message in Urban Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (도심의 차량 네트워크에서 긴급 메시지 전파를 위한 효율적인 브로드캐스트 기법)

  • Lee, Kyu-Chang;Han, Ki-Jun;Cho, Keu-Chul;Baek, Young-Mi;Kim, Jun-Hyung
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.38C no.7
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    • pp.605-611
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    • 2013
  • If an accident vehicle propagates emergency messages to other vehicles close to it, the other drivers may realize and avoid the accident spot. In this letter, we propose a broadcast scheme to propagate emergency messages fast in urban VANETs (Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks) with the help of GPS (Global Position System). In our scheme, a transmitting vehicle chooses the farthest node as the next relay vehicle to propagate emergency messages. And, we suggest an algorithm for intersection recognition and SCF (Store-Carry-Forward) task by taking advantage of periodic hello packets to reduce the propagation time and enhance the delivery ratio.