• Applied Microscopy
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.41-46
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• 2014

In this study, the vegetative and reproductive morphology and anatomy of two Hawaiian endemic Portulaca species were examined. Specifically, P. molokiniensis and P. sclerocarpa were compared to closely related species in the genus. The comparisons were both qualitative and quantitative, using characteristics of leaves, stems, roots, and fruits. Tissue organizations of vegetative and reproductive parts of the plants were assessed using microtechnique procedures, statistical analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The most notable features of these two species were (1) the size and frequency of stomata in P. molokiniensis, and (2) the large number of sclerenchymatous cell layers in the thickest fruit walls of P. sclerocarpa. These findings may imply that stomata development in P. molokiniensis and thick fruit wall development in P. sclerocarpa are evolved features of survival. In particular, the development of thickened walls in indehiscent fruits likely has evolutionary implications of ecological tolerance for better adaptation.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 1999

Developmental morphology of the red alga, Osmundea crispa (Hollenberg) Nam from California was studied on the basis of liquid-preserved and herbarium specimens. Vegetative axial segment of the species produces two pericentral cells and one trichoblast. Spermatangial filaments (branches) are derived from apical and epidermal cells in pocket-shaped apical pit with an ostiole-like upper opening. Procarp-bearing segment of female trichoblast produces five pericentral cells, of which the fifth functions as supporting cell of carpogonial branch. Tetrasporangial production occurs in random epidermal cells in apical pit of branchlets, and two presporangial cover cells show parallel arrangement to stichidial axis. As this vegetative and reproductive development is included in the generic delineation of Osmundea Stackhouse, O. crispa among the known Osmundea species is characterized by habit forming compact cushion-like clump with angular to terete thallus. It is also distinguished from O. hybrida (AP. de Candolle) Nam without the compressed thallus by the number of pericentral cells in procarp-bearing segment and shape of spermatangial pit. Taxonomic implication of the shape of spermatangial pit is also included.

• ALGAE
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.327-331
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• 2011

An analysis of the vegetative and reproductive anatomy of Sargassum lapazeanum was performed based on extensive sampling in three areas within its geographical range: a) San Juan de la Costa, b) Punta Calera, c) Punta Machos. Material was collected from low intertidal to subtidal populations and evaluated based on variations present within and between populations. Our goal was to comprehensively analyze the features of the vegetative and reproductive anatomy of this species. Our observations showed that this species has cauline, which is anatomically composed of three tissues layers. This species is dioic, with male and female conceptacles in the same receptacle but with different maturation times. The present study confirmed the presence of cauline in this species; this structure was previously described for some species in the Gulf of California, such as Sargassum horridum, and for several species in Japan. This structure could be responsible for the growth of primary branches and may also generate a new plant. This trend might explain the perennial nature of this species at the population level. Field and laboratory experiments could help to delimit the ecophysiological conditions under which this structure starts to develop.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.297-303
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• 1995

Four species of Symphyocladia growing along the coast of Korea were investigated in taxonomic point of view. Characters available for identification of the species were; difference in gross morphology, degree of cortication in vegetative axis, presence or absence of vegetative trichoblasts, and developmental pattern of stichidia. Vegetative structure and reproductive organs in developmental anatomy were similar among species. Branching pattern and occurrence of vegetative trichoblasts adopted for systematic criteria between Pterosiphonieae and Polysiphonieae, and between Symphyocladia and Pterosiphonia were no more confidential. The degree of congenital fusion of laterals with the parent axes was considered as only main character to distinguish Symphyocladia from Pterosiphonia.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.126-129
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• 2011

Vegetative morphological information of the red alga Neorhodomela larix (Turner) Masuda (Rhodomelaceae) is given. This species is characterized by thalli up to 15 cm high, brownish black in color, pericentral cells with transverse division, the first order subulate branches with determinate growth, numerous adventitious branches produced at axils and absence of vegetative trichoblasts. Particularly, N. larix is distinct from other Korean Neorhodomela species by the lack of vegetative trichoblasts, which seems to be caused by their delayed production until reproductive structures are formed. This is the first record of N. larix in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.301-306
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• 2022

The vegetative and reproductive morphology of some parasitic Janczewskia Solms-Laubach species including the type species was examined based on specimens collected from various localities around the world. In J. gardneri Setchell et Guernsey on Osmundea spectabilis (Postels et Ruprecht) Nam from California, secondary pit connections are not found between epidermal cells and vegetative axial cells have two pericentral cells. As its host, J. gardneri also has a typical filament type male structure in an apical urn-shaped pit of branches rather than the trichoblast type in other species including the type J. verruciformis Solms-Laubach and tetrasporangial origin of epidermal cells rather than pericentral cells. These significant differences between the species suggest that J. gardneri should be separated from the genus Janczewskia. Based on this morphological data, the section Heterojanczewskia Setchell including J. gardneri, together with an emendation of the generic delineation of Janczewskia, is elevated to the genus level. Relevant nomenclatural changes for some Janczewskia species are also included here.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.217-224
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• 1985

Because Ceramium fastigiatum Harvey (1834) is a later homonym of C. fastigiatum Roth (1806), a quite different plant from the former, it becomes illegitimate and must be rejected under the Article 64 of International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. For this reason, we suggest to give a new name, Ceramium fastigiramosum Boo et Lee, to the former species, keeping the original specific epithet‘fastigiatum’. The morphology of vegetative and reproductive structures is re-examined. The life history is confirmed as a Polysiphonia-type in laboratory culture.

• ALGAE
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.253-263
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• 2011

Phenotypic plasticity was examined in the economically and ecologically important brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum in southwestern Nova Scotia, considering specifically how nutrient loading affected its vegetative and reproductive features. To determine this, we examined morphometric changes in A. nodosum from two sites receiving direct effluent impacts from a land-based finfish aquaculture facility and from two control sites, approximately 2 km away from the aquaculture facility in opposite directions. Fronds from test sites were significantly younger than from control sites (5 y vs. 8 y); however, fronds from farm sites were significantly larger (219 g vs. 90 g) because of their higher growth rates. Thalli from farm sites had greater reproductive potential, as shown by numbers of receptacle initials (797 initials vs. 281 initials). These results suggest limited nutrient inflows from land-based aquaculture may positively affect adjacent Ascophyllum populations by inducing higher growth rates. We conclude that the coordination of effluent management from land-based aquaculture with natural resource harvesting of A. nodosum may be beneficial. Further study is necessary to determine the limits of nutrient loading for this potentially beneficial outcome.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1998

Morphology and reproduction of the two similar Acrosorium species, A. polyneurum and A. yendoi, were studied based on specimens collected from Korea. The morphology of the former species was very variable, depending on its habitat, and in some cases shown superficial resemblance to that of A. yendoi. Also its reproductive structures were essentially the same as those of the latter. However, the two species appear to be distinguished by some vegetative features found in fully developed stage, such as thallus size, vein structures and branching pattern. Acrosorium polyneurum has comparatively large thallus (6-8cm) with three to five cell-layered macroscopic veins, together with palmately dichotomously branching, whereas A. yendoi is of smaller thallus (3-6cm) with microscopic veins of one to three cell layers, and shows irregularly dichotomously or pinnately branching. This result, together with recent data based on PCR technique, suggests that the two entities are distinct.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.1007-1018
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• 2019

In the present study, according to morphological observations followed by recent circumscriptions, we have classified the Korean taxa of the family Linderniaceae into Scrophulariaceae sensu lato has been considered in several works, though the taxa have remained undefined because identification work was mostly done according to vegetative morphological features, such as the leaf shape, leaf margins, and leaf venation. The taxa of Linderniaceae are mostly considered to be weeds and, for correct identification, it is necessary to clarify their taxonomic characteristics. Morphological studies were carried out using samples collected in the field. Micro-morphological observations of the vegetative and floral parts were also performed using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We concluded that important characteristics are reproductive morphologies viz. calyx, stamen structure, capsule shape, calyx ratio with capsule, inflorescence morphology, and seed morphology. As a result, we formulated taxa descriptions and provided a key of the genera of Linderniaceae in Korea. Lindernia crustacea (L.) F. Muell. is transferred to Torenia crustacea (L.) Cham. & Schltdl. Lindernia micrantha D. Don and L. angustifolia (Benth.) Wettstein are a synonym of Vandellia micrantha (D. Don) Eb. Fisch., Schäferh. & Kai Müll. Lindernia attenuata Muhl. and L. dubia var. major (Pursh) Pennell are a synonym of Lindernia dubia (L.). Lindernia verbenifolia (Colsm.) Pennell is a synonym of Bonnaya antipoda Druce. Our study reports the presence of four genera: Bonnaya, Lindernia, Torenia, and Vandellia, comprising six taxa under the family Linderniaceae in Korea.