• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.328-330
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• 2003

The land cover of burned area has changed dramatically since Daxinganling forest fire in Northeastern China during May 6 ? June 4, 1987. This research focused on determining the burn severity and assessment of forest recovery. Burned severity was classified into three levels from June 1987 Landsat TM data acquired just after the fire. A regression model was established between the forest canopy closure from 1999 forest stand map and the NDVI values from June 2000 Landsat ETM+ data. The map of canopy closure was got according to the regression model. And vegetation cover was classified into four types according to forest closure density. The change matrix was built using the classified map of burn severity and vegetation recovery. Then the change conversions of every forest type were analyzed. Results from this research indicate: forest recovery status is well in most of burned scars; and vegetation change detection can be accomplished using postclassification comparison method.

• Architectural research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2023

Indoor thermal conditions greatly affect the health and comfort of humans who occupy the space in it. The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of water and vegetation elements as a microclimate modifier in buildings to obtain thermal comfort through the study of thermal environment models. This research covers two objects, namely public buildings and housing in Makassar City, South Sulawesi Prov-ince - Indonesia. Quantitative methods through field surveys and measurements based on thermal and personal variables. Data analysis based on ASHRAE 55 2020 standard. The data was processed with a parametric statistical approach and then simulated with the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation method to find a thermal prediction model. The model was made by increasing the ventilation area by 2.0 m2, adding 10% vegetation with shade plant characteristics, moving water features in the form of fountains and increasing the pool area by 15% to obtain PMV + 0.23, PPD + 8%, TSV-1 - +0, Ta_25.7℃, and relative humidity 63.5 - 66%. The evaluation shows that the operating temperature can analyze the visitor's comfort temperature range of >80% and comply with the ASHRAE 55-2020 standard. It is concluded that water elements and indoor vegetation can be microclimate modifiers in buildings to create desired comfort conditions and adaptive con-trols in buildings such as the arrangement of water elements and vegetation and ventilation systems to provide passive cooling effects in buildings.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.127-135
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• 2011

This study was carried out in each three study areas of Pinus densiflora community and Quercus mongolica community from March 5th, 2008 to October 15th, 2010 to analyze the relationship between seed bank and the actual vegetation of the lower layer. Based on the relationship between the lower layer of actual vegetation and the germination of seed bank, all of three study areas, the similarity of the actual vegetation of the lower layer and seed bank were high in Plot 1 (84.62%) and Plot 3 (89.91%). As for Quercus mongolica community, the similarity was high between the actual vegetation of the lower layer and seed bank in Plot 4 (82.24%) and Plot 6 (89.47%). Especially, the germination of the pine seed banks in the Pinus densiflora community compared to other tree species appeared in all. In Quercus mongolica community, Quercus mongolica did not appear among the seeds germinated in the seek bank, but the other tree species constituting the under layer of the community. In case of the restoration based on the actual vegetation, it is desirable to sue the lower layer of vegetation as the model for the making of its alternatives for restoration works of the species.

• 생태와환경
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.320-329
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• 2022

Urban areas in watersheds increase the impervious surface, and agricultural areas deteriorate the water quality of rivers due to the use of fertilizers. As such, anthropogenic land use affects the type, intensity and quantity of land use and is closely related to the amount of substances and nutrients discharged to nearby streams. Riparian vegetation reduce the concentration of pollutants entering the watershed and mitigate the negative impacts of land use on rivers. This study analyzes the data through correlation analysis and regression analysis through point data measured twice a year in spring and autumn in 21 selected damaged tributary rivers within the Han River area, and then uses a structural equation model to determine the area land use. In the negative impact on water quality, the mitigation effect of riparian vegetation was estimated. As a result of the correlation analysis, the correlation between the agricultural area and water quality was stronger than that of the urban area, and the area ratio of riparian vegetation showed a negative correlation with water quality. As a result of the regression analysis, it was found that agricultural areas had a negative effect on water quality in all models, but the results were not statistically significant in the case of urban areas. As a result of the model estimated through the structural equation, BOD, COD, TN, and TP showed a mitigation effect due to the accumulation effect of river water quality through riparian vegetation in agricultural areas, but the effect of riparian vegetation through riparian vegetation was found in urban areas. There was no These results were interpreted as having a fairly low distribution rate in urban areas, and in the case of the study area, there was no impact due to riparian forests due to the form of scattered and distributed settlements rather than high-density urbanized areas. The results of this study were judged to be unreasonable to generalize by analyzing the rivers where most of the agricultural areas are distributed, and a follow-up to establish a structural equation model by expanding the watershed variables in urban areas and encompassing the variables of various factors affecting water quality research is required.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제56권9호
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• pp.575-586
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• 2023

하천 식생은 하천 생태계의 서식처 제공과 하안의 물리적 안정 등의 중요한 기능을 한다. 그러나 조도계수와 항력의 증가로 홍수 피해 가중 등의 악영향을 미치기도 한다. 하천 식생 관리는 홍수와 생태 관리의 균형점을 찾는다는 점에서 매우 중요하다. 그러나 식생이 하천에 미치는 영향에 대해서는 아직도 불확실한 것이 많다. 본 연구에서는 식생이 흐름이 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위하여 임진강 초평도 구간을 대상으로 식생 조도 설정에 따른 흐름 양상을 2차원 부정류 모형을 통해 분석하였다. HEC-RAS 2D 모형에 의한 2차원 흐름 해석 결과에 의하면 초평도 식생 조도에 따라 임진강 만곡부의 유속 분포가 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 현재와 같이 초평도 만곡부 외측에 홍수시에 주흐름이 형성되는 것은 초평도의 목본과 초본의 영향으로 판단된다. 초평도 전체에 목본류가 분포하면 만곡부 외측의 유속이 더욱 강하게 나타날 것으로 예상된다. 하천의 식생은 단순히 수위를 상승시키는 영향만 발생시키는 것이 아니라 유속 분포 변화를 유발할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.151-158
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• 1999

Biogenic source emissions refer to naturally occuring emissions from vegetation, microbial activities in soil, lightening, and so on. Vegetation is especially known to emit a considerable amout of volatile organic compounds into the atmosphere. Therefore, biogenic source emissions are an important input to photochemical air quality models. since most biogenic source emissions are calculated at the county-level, they should be geographically allocated to the computational grid cells of a photochemical air quality model prior to running the model. The traditional method for the spatial allocation for biogenic source emissions has been to use a "spatial surrogate indicator" such as a county area. In order to examine the applicability of such approximations, this study developed more detailed surrogate indicators to improve the spatial allocation method for biogenic source emissions. Due to the spatially variable nature of biogenic source emissions, Geographic Information Systems(GIS) were introduced as new tools to develop more detailed spatial surrogate indicators. Use of these newly developed spatial surrogate indicators for biogenic source emission allocation provides a better resolution than the standard spatial surrogate indicator.indicator.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2009

The objective of this study is to evaluate the future potential climate and vegetation canopy change impact on a dam watershed hydrology. A $6,661.5\;km^2$ dam watershed, the part of Han-river basin which has the watershed outlet at Chungju dam was selected. The SWAT model was calibrated and verified using 9 year and another 7 year daily dam inflow data. The Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency ranged from 0.43 to 0.91. The Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCma) Coupled Global Climate Model3 (CGCM3) data based on Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) SRES (Special Report Emission Scenarios) B1 scenario was adopted for future climate condition and the data were downscaled by artificial neural network method. The future vegetation canopy condition was predicted by using nonlinear regression between monthly LAI (Leaf Area Index) of each land cover from MODIS satellite image and monthly mean temperature was accomplished. The future watershed mean temperatures of 2100 increased by $2.0^{\circ}C$, and the precipitation increased by 20.4 % based on 2001 data. The vegetation canopy prediction results showed that the 2100 year LAI of deciduous, evergreen and mixed on April increased 57.1 %, 15.5 %, and 62.5% respectively. The 2100 evapotranspiration, dam inflow, soil moisture content and groundwater recharge increased 10.2 %, 38.1 %, 16.6 %, and 118.9 % respectively. The consideration of future vegetation canopy affected up to 3.0%, 1.3%, 4.2%, and 3.6% respectively for each component.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2023

This study proposes a method for forest vegetation monitoring using high-resolution aerial imagery captured by unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV) and deep learning technology. The research site was selected in the forested area of Mountain Dogo, Asan City, Chungcheongnam-do, and the target species for monitoring included Pinus densiflora, Quercus mongolica, and Quercus acutissima. To classify vegetation species at the pixel level in UAV imagery based on characteristics such as leaf shape, size, and color, the study employed the semantic segmentation method using the prominent U-net deep learning model. The research results indicated that it was possible to visually distinguish Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc, Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb, and Quercus acutissima Carruth in 135 aerial images captured by UAV. Out of these, 104 images were used as training data for the deep learning model, while 31 images were used for inference. The optimization of the deep learning model resulted in an overall average pixel accuracy of 92.60, with mIoU at 0.80 and FIoU at 0.82, demonstrating the successful construction of a reliable deep learning model. This study is significant as a pilot case for the application of UAV and deep learning to monitor and manage representative species among climate-vulnerable vegetation, including Pinus densiflora, Quercus mongolica, and Quercus acutissima. It is expected that in the future, UAV and deep learning models can be applied to a variety of vegetation species to better address forest management.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제38권5_3호
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• pp.887-899
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• 2022

기상학적 요인에 의해 발생하는 가뭄은 육상 생태계의 식생에 부정적인 영향을 미친다. 본 연구에서는 기상학적 가뭄이 식생에 영향을 미치는 상태를 식생의 생태가뭄으로 정의하고, 영향 정도를 정량적으로 감시하기 위한 식생의 생태가뭄 상태지수(ecological drought condition index of vegetation, EDCI-veg)를 제안하였다. EDCI-veg는 식생과 기상학적 가뭄 정보 사이의 copula 기반의 이변량 결합확률모델로부터 도출되며, 가뭄이 발생했을 때 현재의 식생 상태가 가뭄으로 인해 얼마나 영향을 받았는지를 수치로 표현할 수 있다. 과거의 기상학적 가뭄 사상과 그에 대응하는 식생 상태를 비교하여 제안된 지수를 살펴본 결과, EDCI-veg는 식생의 생태가뭄을 적절하게 모니터링할 수 있음이 확인되었다. 또한, 원격탐사자료를 활용하여 고해상도의 가뭄 지도를 작성함으로써 생태가뭄 상태를 공간적으로 식별할 수 있었다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.52-65
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• 2012

작물과 산림을 포함한 식생에 대한 순1차 생산(net primary production, NPP)와 총1차 생산(gross primary production, GPP)은 바이오매스와 식생의 탄소저장과 밀접한 관련이 있으며, 원격탐사를 이용해 바이오매스를 추정하는 많은 노력이 이루어지고 있다. 바이오매스는 광합성에 매우 중요한 요소인 클로로필(엽록소)의 총 함유량으로 추정할 수 있는데, 클로로필을 추정하기 위해서 다양한 식생지수들이 개발되었다. 식생지수들은 개발에 사용된 식생의 종류와 원격탐사 데이터에 따라 조금씩 차이를 가지고 있다. 하이퍼스펙트럴 영상은 다중분광 영상에 비하여 세분화된 각 파장대마다 물질에 따른 반사 및 흡수 특성이 다르기 때문에, 기존의 식생지수를 그대로 사용하기에 무리가 따른다. 본 연구는 항공기 탑재 하이퍼스펙트럴 영상을 이용하여 산림에 대한 바이오매스 추정을 위한 매개변수로 활용되는 적합한 식생지수는 무엇인지 평가하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 하이퍼스펙트럴 영상의 밴드 특성을 고려하여 다수의 식생지수 산출식 중 9개를 선정하고, SMA(spectral mixture analysis)를 통하여 대상지역의 산림을 대표하는 3개의 endmember를 추출하였다. 9개의 식생지수와 추출된 endmembers의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 상관분석 결과는 산림이 분포된 지역에서 Pearson 상관계수는 MTVI1과 TVI가 0.877의 상관계수를 가졌으며, 식생이 적고 토양의 분포가 확연한 지역에서는 MCARI가 0.9061로 매우 높은 상관계수를 보였다. 전반적으로 MTVI1과 TVI이 0.757의 동일한 상관계수를 가지며 식생에 대한 3개의 endmember를 가장 잘 설명하는 것으로 나타났다.