• Title/Summary/Keyword: Vegetable Oil

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Breakdown Properties for Insulation Design of the Environment-Friendly Pole Transformer using the Vegetable Insulating Oil (식물성절연유를 사용한 친환경 주상변압기 설계를 위한 절연파괴 특성)

  • Kwag, Dong-Soon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.26 no.6
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    • pp.7-12
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    • 2011
  • In recent years, environmental concerns have been raised on the use of poorly biodegradable fluids in electrical apparatus in regions where spills from leaks and equipment failure could contaminate the surroundings. The newly invented vegetable insulating oil is highly biodegradable and have negligible impact on the environment, human health and the ecosystem. For development of the environmental-friendly pole transformer using vegetable insulating oil, the dielectric constructions of the pole transformer were discussed in this paper. Depending on the dielectric constructions, the AC breakdown characteristics of the Nomex insulating papers and the vegetable insulating oil were studied by simulated electrode systems. Based on the experimental results, the maximum design stress($E_{max}$) for insulation design of the environmental-friendly pole transformer were suggested.

Production of Edible Vegetable Oil : Status and Outlook (식물성 식용유의 생산현황과 전망)

  • Rhee, Joon-Shick
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.27
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    • pp.80-87
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    • 1984
  • Although traditional Korean diet consists of Very little fats and oils, the increase of their consumption, especially vegetable oil, has been truly remarkable in recent years and this increase is attributed to the improvement of their dietary habit and the development of Korean food industry. On the other hand, domestic production of the edible vegetable oil did not increase at all. Naturally, foreign exchange (over a several hundred million U.S. dollars) is annually used in importing oil seed and/or oil per se. Under these circumstances, it is of utmost importance to maximize the domestic production of edible vegetable oil, although its complete self-sufficiency cannot be achieved. In this seminar, intake of fats and oils by Korean people, status and outlook of the domestic production and consumption of fats and oils will be discussed, with. emphasis on the utilization of agricultural by products and waste as a source of fats and oil.

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Research of Flow Electrification Phenomena of the used Environment-Friendly Vegetable Insulating Oils (친환경 식물성절연유의 유동대전현상 연구)

  • Choi, Sun-Ho;Huh, Chang-Su
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.61 no.4
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    • pp.580-584
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    • 2012
  • The insulating oils perform a cooling and insulation action in electric power transformer. The mineral oil has immanent fire dangerousness and environmental contamination problem. Vegetable insulating oil has higher ignition point, flash point and more excellent biodegradability than conventional mineral oil. In a real oil-filled transformers, some of the power is dissipated in the form of heat. And transformer require the heat to be removed from the winding and insulator by forced convection of the insulating oil. The flow electrification occurs when insulating oil was forced to be circulated. In this paper, influence of temperature, velocity of flow, and insulating pipe and diameter on streaming electrification of vegetable insulating oil was investigated using forced circulation apparatus. Temperature effects were most significant, and it showed a peak in the temperature $30^{\circ}C$ to $35^{\circ}C$ at insulating and copper pipe. The change of flow electrification according to area variety could be checked by change of diameter.

A study on combustion of blended straight vegetable oil in marine diesel engine cylinders

  • Nguyen, Dai An;Tran, The Nam;Dang, Van Uy
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.39 no.8
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    • pp.813-820
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    • 2015
  • Straight vegetable oil (SVO) is widely recommended as fuel for diesel engines in general and especially for marine diesel engines. However, SVOs used directly as fuel for diesel engines may cause problems for the engines; SVOs blended with diesel oil are a better choice. To widen understanding of the possibility of using blended SVOs as fuel alternatives, this paper presents results of experimental research on the combustion of blended straight vegetable oil in a marine diesel engine's cylinders. Results show that the fuel combustion process have the same curves as in simulations and, in the case of using blended fuels with up to 20% palm oil, the test diesel engine technical parameters such as engine output, exhaust gas temperatures, and specific fuel consumption are very similar to those of diesel oil (DO). Based on these results, marine diesel engines are strong potential applications and particularly recommended for the use of SVO blends.

Esterification of the Soybean Oil and Waste Vegetable Oil by Solid Catalysts (고체 촉매를 이용한 대두유와 폐식용유의 에스테르화)

  • Sin, Yong Seop
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.79-87
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    • 2004
  • Esterification of soybean oil with methanol was investigated. First of all, liquid-liquid equilibriums for systems of soybean oil and methanol were measured at temperatures ranging from 40 to 65$^{\circ}C$. Profiles of conversion of soybean oil with time were determined from the glycerine content in reaction mixtures for the different kinds of catalysts, such as NaOH, CaO, Ca(OH)$_2$, MgO, Mg(OH)$_2$, and Ba(OH)$_2$. The effects of dose of catalyst, cosolvent and reaction temperature on final conversion were examined. Esterification of waste vegetable oil with methanol was investigated and compared to the case of soybean oil. Solubility of methanol in soybean oil was substantially greater than that of soybean oil in methanol. When the esterification reaction of soybean oil was catalyzed by solid catalyst, final conversion was strongly dependent on the alkalinity of the solid catalyst, and increased with the alkalinity of the metal. Hydroxides from the alkali metals were more effective than oxides. When Ca(OH)$_2$ was used for the esterification catalyst, maximum value of final conversion was measured at dose of 4%. When CHCl$_3$ as a cosolvent, was added into the reaction mixture of soybean oil which catalyzed by Ba(OH)$_2$, maximum value of final conversion was appeared at dose of 3%. When waste vegetable oil was catalyzed by NaOH and solid catalysts, high final conversion, over 90%, and fast reaction rate were obtained.

Effects of Various Fat Sources and Lecithin on the Growth Performance and Nutrient Utilization in Pigs Weaned at 21 Days of Age

  • Jin, C.F.;Kim, J.H.;Han, In K.;Jung, H.J.;Kwon, C.H.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.176-184
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    • 1998
  • A total of 125 pigs (5.8 kg of BW) were allotted in a completely randomized block design. Treatments were coconut oil, corn oil, soybean oil, tallow and tallow+lecithin. Each treatment had 5 replicates with 5 pigs per replicate. From d 0 to 7, pigs fed vegetable oil supported greater average daily gain (ADG) and improved feed/gain (F/G) compared to pigs fed the animal fat. Addition of lecithin to tallow increased ADG by 7.2%. Feed intake were similar for all treatment groups. From d 8 to 14, pigs fed coconut oil and soy oil showed better ADG and average daily feed intake (ADFI) than any of the others. From d 15 to 21, pigs fed the tallow diets had lower gains (p < 0.05) than those fed diets that contained vegetable oil and tallow with added lecithin. The effect of different fat sources on gain became smaller with age. Feed intakes were similar between the vegetable oil and lecithin supplemented diets each week postweaning except for pigs fed tallow (p < 0.05). Feed : gain ratios were superior during the initial 2 weeks postweaning period when pigs were provided vegetable oil diet compared with pigs fed tallow. All pig groups had similar feed : gain ratios during 3 weeks. Combinations of tallow with lecithin tended to have intermediate feed/gain ratio. It was found that vegetable oils were much better in improving growth rate of the piglets. Lecithin significantly improved growth rate and feed efficiency of the pigs through the whole experimental period compared to tallow. Coconut oil was the most effective in improving growth of pigs during the first two weeks postweaning. Corn oil had equal value with soy oil in improving growth performance of weaned pigs. When vegetable oil was added, the digestibilities of nutrients except for minerals were higher than when the tallow was fed. Nutrients digestibility was similar among vegetable oils. The addition of lecithin to tallow increased digestibility of gross energy, dry matter, ether extract and crude protein. Crude ash and phosphorus digestibility were not affected by the treatments. Dry matter excretion was not different among treatments except for tallow which showed significantly higher dry matter excretion (p < 0.05), while nitrogen excretion was significantly decreased in pigs fed vegetable oil sources. However, Phosphorus excretion was not affected by the different fat sources.

Analysis on the Temperature Distribution Characteristics of Insulating oil of Transformer Using the Vegetable oil and Mineral oil (식물성 절연유와 광유가 사용된 유입변압기의 온도분포 특성)

  • An, Jung-Sik;Shim, Meoung-Seop;Jung, Joong-Il;Kim, Nam-Ryul;Huh, Chang-Su
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2009.07a
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    • pp.1215_1216
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    • 2009
  • Most transformer use insulating and cooling fluids derived from petroleum crude oil, but mineral oil is some possibility of environmental pollution and fire with explosion. vegetable oil fluids extracted from seed has superior biodegradation and fire-resistant properties including an exceptionally high fire point enhancing fire safety. In this study, it is aimed at the practicality of substituting natural ester dielectric fluid for mineral oil in liquid insulation system of transformers. As a rise in coil winding temperature has a direct influence on transformer life time, it is important to evaluate the temperature rise of coil winding in vegetable oil in comparison with mineral oil. Three transformers for the test are designed with 10KVA, 13.2KV, one phase unit. The temperature are directly measured in insulating oil of these transformers with the two sorts of natural ester and mineral oil dielectric fluid respectively. Temperature of vegetable oil transformers was similar to temperature of mineral oil transformer in the same design at 80% load and above.

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Characteristics of Iodine Values and Viscosities by blending of Waste Vegetable Oil and Diesel Oil (폐식용유와 디젤유 블렌딩을 통한 요오드가 및 점도 특성)

  • Jeong, Dong-Seok;Nam, Byeong-Uk;Jeong, Yong-Ju
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.10 no.7
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    • pp.1648-1653
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    • 2009
  • Fossil fuel causes the greenhouse effect by emitting $CO_2$, and an estimated amount of oil deposits are also limited. Therefore, people have been interested in alternative energies. Vegetable oil which is one of the alternative energies is eco-friendly renewable energy source and has similar properties like diesel oil with high efficiency. Also, vegetable oil has been well recognized as one of solutions to reduce the greenhouse effect caused by $CO_2$release. In this study, we chose Waste vegetable oil(WVO) to solve the problems of high price of grain and lack of food. Impurities and sediments from WVO were removed by separation process using sieves of $15{\mu}m$pore size. Blending was performed in Homo-mixer by 5000 rpm for 10 min. We investigated viscosities and Iodine values in different compositions of WVO and diesel oil blends. Finally, we could find out blended oils have some possibility to be used in the diesel engine.

Analysis of Sterols and Its Hydrogenation to Stanols in Vegetable Oils for the Development of a Cholesterol Absorption-lowering Neutraceutical (콜레스테롤 흡수저하 기능성소재 개발을 위한 식물성 유지 중이 Sterols 분석 및 Stanol로의 수소첨가반응)

  • 인만진;김동청;채희정;김명희;임병순;김의용
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.28 no.5
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    • pp.980-983
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    • 1999
  • The contents of sterols and stanols in vegetable oils and mist oil were analyzed by gas chromatography using a capillary column. The total sterol contents showed high values of 0.67~0.89g/100g in corn oil, rice bran oil, red pepper seed oil and sesame oil. Mist oil, a byproduct of soybean oil manufacture, was a suitable raw material for the production of stanol since it showed high sterol content (10.2g/100g). In the hydrogenation of sterol contained in mist oil using Pd catalyst, the effects saponification of oil were examined. The conversion of sterol to stanol was improved by a factor of 4~5 through saponification of oil, compared to the reaction without saponification.

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Research on Dielectric Characteristics of Environmental-Friendly Vegetable Insulation Oil for the Pole Transformer (주상변압기 적용을 위한 친환경 식물성절연유의 절연특성 연구)

  • Kwag, Dong-Soon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.25 no.6
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    • pp.81-85
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    • 2010
  • In recent years, environmental concerns have been raised on the use of poorly biodegradable fluids in electrical apparatus in regions where spills from leaks and equipment failure could contaminate the surroundings. The vegetable insulation oils are highly biodegradable, have negligible effect on the environment, human health and ecosystem. Therefore, to assure their safe use in electrical power systems, it may require some processing and modification to improve some of their physical, chemical, thermal and electrical properties. This paper provides a comparative results of the electrical breakdown properties of several vegetable insulation oils and mineral oil to use as dielectric fluid in environmental-friendly pole transformer. Also, the electrical breakdown property of the Nomex and kraft insulation papers in vegetable insulation oil is examined.