• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.221-229
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• 2000

Background: Thromboxane A2 and endothelin-1 are the potent vasoconstrictors affecting pulmonary pathophysiology in response to whole body inflammatin following CPB. Aprotinin, as an antiiflammatory agent, may decrease the release of such vasoactive substance from pulmonary tissues, preventing pulmonary hypertension after cardiopulmonary bypass. Material and Method: Ten mongrel dogs(Bwt. ac. 20kg) were subjected to cardioupulmonary bypass for 2 hours and postbypass pulmonary vascular resistance(0, 1, 2, 3 hours) were compared with prebypass level. The dogs were divided into 2 groups; control group(n-5) and aprotinin group(n=5). In the aprotinin group, aprotinin was administered as follows; 50,000 KIU/kg mixed in pump priming solution, 50,000 KIU/kg prebypass intravenous infusion over 30 minutes, 10,000 KIU/kg/hour postbypass continuous infusion. Prebypass and postbypass 0, 1, 2, 3 hour pulmonary vascular resistance were measured. At prebypass and postbypass 0, 90, 180 minutes, blood samples were obtained from pulmonary arterial and left atrial catherers for the assay of plasma thromboxane B2 a stable metabolite of thromboxane A2, and endothelin-1 concentrations. Result: The ratios of pustbypass over prebypass pulmonary vascular at postbypass 0, 1, 2, 3 hours were 1.28$\pm$0.20, 1.82$\pm$0.23, 1.90$\pm$0.19, 2.14$\pm$0.18 in control group, 1.58$\pm$0.18, 1.73$\pm$0.01, 1.66$\pm$0.10, 1.50$\pm$0.08 in aprotinin group ; the ratios gradually increased in control group while decreased or fluctuated after postbypass 1 hour in aprotinin group. There was statistically significant difference between control group and aprotinin group at postbypass 3 hours(P=0.014). Pulmonary arterial plasma concentration of thromboxane B2(pg/ml) at prebypass, postbypass 0, 90, 180 minutes were 346.4$\pm$61.9, 529.3$\pm$197.6, 578.3$\pm$255.8, 493.3$\pm$171.3 in control group, 323.8$\pm$118.0, 422.6$\pm$75.6, 412.3$\pm$59.9, 394.5$\pm$154.0 in aprotinin group. Left atrial concentrations were 339.3$\pm$89.2, 667.0$\pm$65.7, 731.2$\pm$192.7, 607.5$\pm$165.9 in control group, 330.0$\pm$111.2, 468.4$\pm$190.3, 425.4$\pm$193.6, 4.7.3$\pm$142.8 in aprotinin group. These results showed decrement of pulmonary thromboxane A2 generation in aprotinin group. Pulmonary arterial concentrations of endothelin-1(fmol/ml) at the same time sequence were 7.84$\pm$0.31, 13.2$\pm$0.51, 15.0$\pm$1.22, 16.3$\pm$1.73 in control group, 7.76$\pm$0.12, 15.3$\pm$0.71, 22.6$\pm$6.62, 14.9$\pm$1.11 in aprotinin group. Left atrial concentrations were 7.61$\pm$17.2, 57.1$\pm$28.4, 18.9$\pm$18.2, 31.5$\pm$20.5 in control group, 5.61$\pm$7.61, 37.0$\pm$26.2, 28.6$\pm$21.7, 37.8$\pm$30.6 in aprotinin group. These results showed that aprotinin had no effect on plasma endothelin-1 concentration after cardiopulmonary bypass. Conclusion: Administration of aprotinin during cardiopulmonary bypass could attenuate the increase in pulmonary vascular resistance after bypass. Inhibition of pulmonary thromboxane A2 generation was thought to be one of the mechanism of this effect. Aprotinin had no effect on postbypass endothelin-1 concentration.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.178-186
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 인삼사포닌 성분 즉, 총인삼사포닌(GTS), panaxadiol-type saponin(PDS) 및 panaxatriol-type saponin(PTS)이 정상 혈압쥐(NR) 및 자연발증 고혈압쥐(SHR)의 대동맥편에서 혈관수축약물의 수축반응에 대한 영향을 관찰하고자 시도하였으며, 얻어진 연구결과는 다음과 같다. Phenylephrine(아드레날린성 $\alpha$$_{-1}$-수용체 효능약)과 고농도 칼륨(막탈분극약)은 NR및 SHR의 대동맥편에서 각각 현저한 혈관수축반응을 나타내었다. 이들의 수축반응은 SHR보다 NR에서 현저하게 나타났다. NR에서 고농도 칼륨(5.6$\times$$10^{-2}$ M)에 의한 혈관수축반응은 GTS(300 $\mu$g/ml), PDS(300 $\mu$g/ml) 및 PTS(300 $\mu$g/ml)의 존재 하에서 각각 별다른 영향을 받지 않았다. 반면에, phenylephrine($10^{-6}$ M)에 의한 혈관수축반응은 현저하게 억제되었다. SHR에서 고농도 칼륨(5.6$\times$$10^{-2}$ M)에 의한 혈관수축반응은 GTS(300 $\mu$g/ml), PDS(300 $\mu$g/ml) 및 PTS(300 $\mu$g/ml)의 존재하에서 각각 별다른 영향을 받지 않았으나 고농도의 PTS(600 $\mu$g/ml)의 전처치에 의해서 유의하게 억제되었다. Phenylephrine($10^{-6}$ M)에 의한 혈관수축반응은 PTS의 전처치에 의해서 용량 의존적(150-600 $\mu$g/ml)으로 유의하게 억제되었으나 GTS(300 $\mu$g/ml)나 PDS(300 $\mu$g/ml)의 존재 하에서는 별다른 영향을 받지 않았다. 이상과 같은 실험 결과를 종합하여 보면, 인삼사포닌 성분은 흰쥐 적출 대동맥편에서 아드레날린성 $\alpha$$_{-1}$-아드레날린 수용체 차단작용과 일부 미지의 기전에 의해서 혈관이완작용을 일으키며, 이러한 인삼사포닌 성분에 대한 반응에서 NR과 SHR간에 혈관 평활근의 감수성의 차이가 있는 것으로 생각된다. 또한 인삼사포닌 성분 중 PTS가 혈관이완작용에 대한 효력이 가장 큰 것으로 사료된다.