• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.263-268
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• 2005

표피모반증후군은 중추신경계, 안구, 골격계, 심장 또는 요로생식기의 기형을 동반하는 선천성 표피 모반을 특징으로 하는 질환으로 보행장애를 주소로 내원한 8세 여아에서 저인산혈증성 구루병을 동반한 표피모반증후군 1례를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.193-201
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• 2018

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a novel fibrotic mediator, which is considered to mediate fibrosis through extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in diabetic cardiovascular complications. Statins have significant immunomodulatory effects and reduce vascular injury. We therefore examined whether fluvastatin has anti-fibrotic effects in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and elucidated its putative transduction signals. We show that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) stimulated CTGF mRNA and protein expression in a time-dependent manner. AGE-induced CTGF expression was mediated via ERK1/2, JNK, and Egr-1 pathways, but not p38; consequently, cell proliferation and migration and ECM accumulation were regulated by CTGF signaling pathway. AGE-stimulated VSMC proliferation, migration, and ECM accumulation were blocked by fluvastatin. However, the inhibitory effect of fluvastatin was restored by administration of CTGF recombinant protein. AGE-induced VSMC proliferation was dependent on cell cycle arrest, thereby increasing G1/G0 phase. Fluvastatin repressed cell cycle regulatory genes cyclin D1 and Cdk4 and augmented cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p27 and p21 in AGE-induced VSMCs. Taken together, fluvastatin suppressed AGE-induced VSMC proliferation, migration, and ECM accumulation by targeting CTGF signaling mechanism. These findings might be evidence for CTGF as a potential therapeutic target in diabetic vasculature complication.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.319-326
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• 2005

This study was designed to investigate the optimal period of pedicles implantation in the prefabricated periosteofascial flap using a vascular tissue transfer. Flap prefabrication was prepared with a transposition of the central pedicles of right auricle on the calvarium of the New Zealand white rabbit. Thirty flaps were divided into five groups of six flaps, including control group (group I) of the conventional periosteofascial flap based on the right lateral border of parietal bone. The prefabricated flap was elevated as a $2{\times}2cm$ sized island flap and reposed in place in 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after the pedicles transfer in groups II, III, IV, and V, respectively. Five days after flap repositioning, the flap viability and vascularity were evaluated with microangiography and histological study quantitatively. The flap survival was increased in accordance with the implanted period of the pedicle. New vessels developed around the implanted pedicle in the 2nd week, and overall vascularization of the flap was accomplished in the 3rd week. The flap with 4 weeks of implantation period, however, showed the same survival rate as the control group. In conclusion, prefabricated periosteo- fascial flap can be created with a vascular tissue transfer, and the optimal duration of the pedicle implantation is more than 4 weeks to obtain adequate flap survival.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.283-286
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• 2017

A 4-month-old, female Maltese dog was referred with continuous heart murmur. Patent ductus arteriosus was diagnosed via radiography and echocardiography. The patient was untreated because of client's refusal. After 13 months, the dog was referred again with seizure and salivation. Laboratory examination revealed increased liver enzymes, hyperammonemia and decreased total cholesterol and total protein. Microhepatica was identified on abdominal radiography. CT angiography showed a shunt vessel that originated from the portal trunk to the prehepatic caudal vena cava and patent ductus arteriosus connecting proximal descending aorta with the main pulmonary artery. No portal vasculature toward liver is observed after shunt vessel. The patient was diagnosed as concurrent patent ductus arteriosus and congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt with suspected portal vein aplasia. In human, cardiac malformations are frequently observed in patients with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt with portal vein aplasia. This report described concurrent patent ductus arteriosus and congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt with suspected portal vein aplasia in a dog.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2014

The appearance of retinal blood vessels is an important diagnostic indicator of serious disease, such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and stroke. Automatic segmentation of the retinal vasculature is a primary step towards automatic assessment of the retinal blood vessel features. This paper presents an automated method for the enhancement and segmentation of blood vessels in fundus images. To decrease the influence of the optic disk, and emphasize the vessels for each retinal image, a multidirectional morphological top-hat transform with rotating structuring elements is first applied to the background homogenized retinal image. Then, an improved multiscale line detector is presented to produce a vessel response image, and yield the retinal blood vessel tree for each retinal image. Since different line detectors at varying scales have different line responses in the multiscale detector, the line detectors with longer length produce more vessel responses than the ones with shorter length; the improved multiscale detector combines all the responses at different scales by setting different weights for each scale. The methodology is evaluated on two publicly available databases, DRIVE and STARE. Experimental results demonstrate an excellent performance that approximates the average accuracy of a human observer. Moreover, the method is simple, fast, and robust to noise, so it is suitable for being integrated into a computer-assisted diagnostic system for ophthalmic disorders.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.23-31
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• 1992

The ideal approach in the staged management of patients with pulmonary atresia has been a challenging problem and the result has not been always satisfactory. We reviewed our early result of initial palliative surgeries in fifteen cases of pulmonary atresia with interventricular communication Included are eight cases of simple pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and seven cases of pulmonary atresia associated with other complex cardiac anomalies. The ages of the patients were less than one year except one. The morphology of pulmonary vasculature was highly variable and showed unfavorable conditions in most cases. Pulmonary artery was nonconfluent in two. Two-thirds of all cases showed significant problems such as juxtaductal stenosis or diffuse hypoplasia. The ductus arteriosus usually narrowed at its pulmonic end. Initial palliation was done by modified Blalock-Taussig shunt in six, central shunt with or without pulmonary angioplasty in five, right ventricular outflow tract [RVOT] reconstruction in three and direct connection of nonconfluent pulmonary arteries with bilateral cav-opulmonary shunt in one patient. There were 3 hospital deaths. Two of them underwent simultaneous repair of the associated anomaly of TAPVR. Among the six patients who received modified Blalock-Taussig shunt, three needed early second palliative procedure by central shunt, RVOT patch reconstruction and pulmonary angioplasty in each case, All patients who received central shunt showed marked clinical improvement. Among the twelve patients who survived the palliative procedures, two patients underwent total correction 13 months and 18 months after initial palliation respectively. We think that the choice of palliative procedure must be individualized according to the morphology of the pulmonary arteries. More experience and long term follow-up data are necessary to meet this challenging problem.

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 2000년도 춘계수산관련학회 공동학술대회발표요지집
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• pp.90-91
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• 2000

The physiological systems that control blood fluidity are both complex and elegant. Blood must remain fluid within the vasculature and yet clot quickly when exposed to nonendothelial surfaces at sites of vascular injury. There are two principle mechanisms to control a delicate balance in higher organisms (Davie & Ratnoff, 1964). Present evidence suggests that the intrinsic pathway play an important role in the growth and maintenance of fibrin formation in the coagulation cascade while a second overlapping mechanism, called the extrinsic pathway, is critical in the initiation of fibrin formation. Coagulation factors is in two mechanisms, and in order to clot blood, they are activated by a cooperation with $Ca^{2+}$, phospholipid and vitamin K etc. For example, the human placental anticoagulant protein (PAP of PAP- I), which is a $Ca^{2+}$ -dependent phospholipid binding protein (Funakoshi et al., 1987) inhibited the activity of factor Xa, so that it prolonged fibrin formation. We wondered whether any other protein was involved in regulation of the coagulant system as an anticoagulant protein from natural organisms. Natural agents would have not harmful side-effects in comparision with chemically synthesized materials such as warfarin, aspirin, phenindione, etc.. But anticoagulant agents from natural, especially marine organisms have hardly been researched except for polysaccharides from marine algae. (omitted)

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.211-221
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• 2012

The process of embryo implantation requires physical contact and physiological communication between the conceptus trophectoderm and the maternal uterine endometrium. During the peri-implantation period in pigs, the conceptus undergoes significant morphological changes and secretes estrogens, the signal for maternal recognition of pregnancy. Estrogens secreted from the conceptus act on uterine epithelia to redirect $PGF_2{\alpha}$, luteolysin, secretion from the uterine vasculature to the uterine lumen to prevent luteolysis as well as to induce expression of endometrial genes that support implantation and conceptus development. In addition, conceptuses secrete cytokines, interferons, growth factors, and proteases, and in response to these signals, the uterine endometrium produces hormones, protease inhibitors, growth factors, transport proteins, adhesion molecules, lipid molecules, and calcium regulatory molecules. Coordinated interactions of these factors derived from the conceptus and the uterus play important roles in the process of implantation in pigs. To better understand mechanism of implantation process in pigs, this review provides information on signaling molecules at the conceptus-uterine interface during early pregnancy, including recently reported data reported.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.423-427
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• 2005

Color Doppler imaging (CDI) was carried out to evaluate the anesthetics effect on ophthalmic circulation using CDI-derived resistive index (RI) values. CDI was preformed on 24 dogs, and RI values were calculated for the medial long posterior ciliary artery (mLPCA) and ophthalmic artery (OA) before and after administration of anesthetics. After administration of benoxinate or acepromazine, a significant change of the mLPCA RI was not found. But, a significant decrease of the RI following ketamine (p < 0.001) or xylazine (p < 0.01) administration could be observed as compared with the self-control. Mean RI value of OA also showed this same trend. Intraocular pressure was significantly decrease following benoxinate (p < 0.01), acepromazine (p < 0.01), and xylazine (p < 0.001) administration within normal range. The results suggest that some anesthetics influence on ophthalmic vascular resistance. Therefore, chemical restraint was carefully used in clinical application of CDI-derived RI measurement. Particularly, benoxinate and acepromazine is useful chemical restraint without a change of the ophthalmic vascular resistance.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.469-482
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• 2006

The term 'heat shock protein (Hsps)' was derived from the fact that these proteins were initially discovered to be induced by hyperthermic conditions. In response to a range of stressful stimuli, including hyperthermia, immobilization, UV radiation, amino acid analogues, arsenite, various chemicals, and drugs the mammalian brain demonstrates a rapid and intense induction of the heat shock protein. Moreover, Hsps were expressed on the various pathological conditions including trauma, focal or global ischemia, hypoxia, infarction, infections, starvation, and anoxia. Especially, Hsp25 has a protective activity, facilitated by the ability of the protein to decrease the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as its chaperone activity, which favors the degradation of oxidized proteins. Recently, it has clearly demonstrated that Hsp25 is constitutively expressed in the adult mouse cerebellum by parasagittal bands of purkinje cells in three distinct regions, the central zone (lobule VI-VII) and nodular zone (lobule IX-X), and paraflocculus. The Mongolian gerbil has been introduced into stroke study model because of its unique brain vasculature. There are no significant connections between the basilarvertebral system and the carotid system. This anatomy feature renders the mongolian gerbil susceptible to forebrain ischemia-induced seizure. The present study is designed to examine the pattern of Hsp25 expression in the cerebellum of this animal in comparison with that in mouse.