• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.3831-3836
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• 2013

Background: S100A14 has recently been implicated in the progress of several types of cancers. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance and possible mechanisms of action of S100A14 in the invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: S100A14 expression in HCC was detected at mRNA and protein levels and its prognostic significance was assessed. Functional roles of S100A14 in HCC were investigated using MTT, BrdU, wound healing, transwell invasion assay and HCC metastatic mouse model. Results: S100A14 was significantly elevated in HCC tissues, correlated with multiple tumor nodes, high Edmondson-Steiner grade and vascular invasion. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that the S100A14 expression level was a significant and independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) of HCC patients (hazard ratio=1.98, 95% confidence interval=1.14-3.46, P=0.013). S100A14 promoted cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis of HCC in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: These results suggest S100A14 is a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for HCC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.2031-2035
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• 2015

Intra-tumoral hypoxia is an environment that promotes tumor cell migration, angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition that accounts for a major mechanism of metastasis. Chloroquine potentially offers a new therapeutic approach with an 'old' drug for effective and safe cancer therapies, as it exerts anti-metastatic activity. We investigated the inhibitory effect of chloroquine on cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell migration under cobalt chloride ($CoCl_2$)-stimulated hypoxia. We showed that chloroquine suppressed CCA cell migration under hypoxic-mimicking conditions on exposure to $100{\mu}M$ $CoCl_2$. Moreover, chloroquine stabilized the protein level of prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins (PHD-2) but reduced the levels of hypoxic responsive proteins such as hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-$1{\alpha}$) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). It also suppressed epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) by increasing the ratio of E-cadherin to N-cadherin under hypoxic conditions. In conclusion, chloroquine can inhibit hypoxia-stimulated metastasis via HIF-$1{\alpha}$/VEGF/EMT which may serve as a useful additional strategy for CCA therapy.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 2007

A 60 years old female patient presented with $8{\times}6\;cm$ sized painless oval mass in the left parietal region. She had left lobectomy of thyroid gland 10 years ago. Cranial CT, MRI, FGD PET-CT showed a solid mass which invaded left parietal bone. After embolization, craniectomy with tumor excision was performed. Histological examination revealed metastatic follicular cancer originated thyroid gland, with vascular and dura invasion. Postoperatively, neck CT showed right thyroid multiple nodules and right level III multiple lymph node enlargement. Thyroid function test was normal, but level of thyroglobulin was high (72ng/ml). So she had right lobectomy of thyroid gland with lymph node dissection under a diagnosis of follicular carcinoma. But histological examination revealed adenomatous hyperplasia and not lymph node metastasis. After operation, she received radioiodine therapy of 150mCi and then the level of thyroglobulin normalized (8.4ng/ml). The patient is under follow-up since she had operation 4 months ago.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.207-212
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• 1996

Angiosarcoma of the bone is rare with an incidence of 0.13%. It may be solitary or multiple. Its cytologic findings by FNA have rarely been reported. We report a case of angiosarcoma of the rib in a 66 year-old man. FNA revealed single or clusters of round to oval shaped cells in a hemorrhagic and myxoid background. The large central nuclei had irregular nuclear membrane, chromatin clumping and prominent nucleoli. The cytoplasm was scanty with an eosinophilic distinct cytoplasmic border. Erythrophagocytosis by malignant cells was also found. Histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of angiosarcoma revealing irregular and complex anastomosing vascular channels lined by malignant round tumor cells, protruding into the lumen. Immunohistochemical staining revealed diffuse strong positive reaction to factor VIII-related antigen and CD31.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.128-133
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• 2010

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is very aggressive and represents approximately 1% of all chondrosarcomas. While it affects a very wide age range, the peak frequency is in the second decade of life. It may occur in the head and rib region with a predilection for the maxillofacial skeleton. The small cell undifferentiated component may assume a hemangiopericytoma-like vascular pattern and should be distinguished from hemangiopericytoma. Treatment is en bloc resection, the intended tissue margins of excision should be designed to extend well beyond the actual tumor margin, as mesenchymal chondrosarcomas. Aggressive behavior of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the jaw, with a tendency for delayed recurrence and metastasis even many years after treatment. The most frequent site of metastasis was the lung. Here we present 52 years old, female case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma occurs on Rt. mandible.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.54-57
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• 2015

Angiosarcoma is a rare and highly malignant neoplasm which develops from the endothelium of blood vessels. A few cases of primary angiosarcoma of the parotid gland have been reported. However, there is no report of primary angiosarcoma of the accessory parotid gland. In this case, we report a primary angiosarcoma of the accessory parotid gland in a 45-year-old man with growing cheek mass. Ultrasonography revealed a $2.0{\times}2.6cm$ sized homogeneous hypoechoic mass and computed tomography showed a contrast enhanced homogeneous mass. Fine needle aspiration biopsy suggested a benign tumor. The mass was completely excised with a minimal vertical incision. The histopathology showed anastomosing vascular channels lined by atypical endothelial cells and many branching vessels with staghorn appearance with positive immunohistochemical staining for CD34, a highly specific endothelial marker. The patient underwent postoperative radiotherapy and was followed for 8 years without recurrence and metastasis.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.5-6
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• 2000

Nitric oxide (NO) is a simple combined molecule of oxygen and nitrogen, and has a wide variety of action on the physiological and pathophysiological function of the body. It is a key transducer of the vasodilator message from the endothelium to vascular cells. However, its different roles have been elucidated by numerous researches, which was undertaken in the 80's and 90's. Three types of NO synthase were involved in synthesizing NO and they are identified in different tissues and cells including macrophage, endothelial cells and even tumor cells. In the late 90's, we undertook a number of researches for elucidating the effect of NO on embryo development, since developmentally arrested bovine embryos contained large amount of NO metabolites in their cytoplasm. Subsequently, we found that the addition of a spontaneous NO donor to culture medium markedly inhibited embryo development and that its inhibitory role was independent of embryonic genome activation. Research was focused to find a way to prevent the inhibitory action of NO on embryo development and demonstrated that the addition of hemoglobin, a NO scavenger, to embryo culture medium greatly stimulated in vitro-development of bovine and mouse embryos. Based on these research outcomes, we developed a NO action-free culture system for embryos and other tissues. The efficacy of such system has subsequently been confirmed by achieving the high rates of preimplantation development and blastocyst formation in the NO action-free culture of mouse and bovine embryo. In this article, we briefly introduced the nature of NO and our research outcomes on the role of NO in embryo development.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1585-1597
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• 2004

Facial palsy is a common disease in clinic, which can be classified into central and peripheral according to the causes. The central facial palsy is caused by cerebral vascular accident, brain tumor, etc. The peripheral facial palsy comes from cold stimulus on face, regional infection of virus, suppurative tympanitis, inflammation on mastoid process, pathological teeth, trauma like cranial fracture, and so forth, They have distinctive features in diagnosis. While the central facial palsy is followed by hemiplegia and articulation disorder, the peripheral one by the disappearance of wrinkles on the forehead and rising of eyeball on paralyzed side when closing the eyes. Most of the cases in this thesis are peripheral palsy. The social classes and ages of the patients are so various that the treatments must be applied from various standpoints. The statistical data shows that the functional weakness of the whole body is the fundamental condition of the facial palsy. Therefore it is very important to find and the exact pathology and treatment appropriate for Hyungsang of the patients.

• Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.120-128
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• 2019

Radiopharmaceuticals include therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals and diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals. Therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals are administered to the body and ingested at specific organs to detect radiation emitted from the site and to construct an image to diagnose the disease. Diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals are used to treat diseases by killing cells with radiation emitted from radiopharmaceuticals, such as cancer cells, vascular endothelial cells, arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease. The application possibilities of terahertz imaging technology for the combination of radiopharmaceuticals and molecular imaging medicine are discussed and experimental methods are presented. Terahertz imaging is expected to be a powerful technique because of the effective piercing feasibility, which enables to perform safe and high resolutive imaging. To investigate the response of cell to the terahertz wave, both the pulsed and CW THz wave systems are employed. THz imaging of a rat's paraffin-embedded epithelial cell with tumor is studied in advance.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.93-101
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• 2011

Reconstruction following a resection of malignant oral cavity tumors is one of the most difficult problems in recent oral oncology. The radial forearm free flap (RFFF) is a thin, pliable soft tissue flap with large-caliber vessels for microvascular anastomosis. Its additional advantages include consistent flap vascular anatomy, acceptable donor site morbidity and the ability to perform simultaneous flap harvest with a tumor resection. For a better understanding of RFFF as a routine reconstructive procedure in oral and maxillofacial surgery, the constant anatomical findings must be learned and memorized by young doctors during the special curriculum periods for the Korean national board of oral and maxillofacial surgery. This review article discusses the anatomical basis of RFFF in the Korean language.