• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.281-285
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• 2010

Hemodialysis vascular access dysfunction (HVAD) due to the aggressive development of venous neointimal hyperplasia remains a major complication for patients with synthetic arteriovenous grafts. Paclitaxel-coated expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) grafts effectively prevent neointimal hyperplasia and stenosis. However, perigraft inflammation or edema can be another complication of ePTFE grafts, preventing early cannulation. Three different types of ePTFE grafts, including grafts without paclitaxel coating (control group, n = 12), grafts with paclitaxel coating at a dose density of $0.61ug/mm^2$ (low concentration group, n = 12), and grafts with paclitaxel coating at a dose density of $1.15ug/mm^2$ (high concentration group, n = 12) were placed in the backs of 12 rabbits, simultaneously. Six rabbits were euthanized after one week and the remaining six were euthanized two weeks after implantation. Perigraft inflammation, graft wall inflammation, stromal cell proliferation, blood vessel formation, tissue necrosis and edema were analyzed for the grafts in each animal. Inflammation surrounding the paclitaxel-coated grafts was significantly reduced compared to the control group. Stromal cell layers were detected at the interface between the graft and the surrounding tissue in the control group, infiltrated into the graft interstices, and differentiated into myofibroblasts for graft healing. Paclitaxel-coated grafts inhibited stromal cell proliferation and infiltration into the graft wall. Tissue necrosis and edema were not detected in either of the paclitaxel-coated graft groups.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.635-640
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• 2011

Betulae Cortex of Betula platyphylla Suk. var. japonica Hara (Betulaceae) has long been used for treatment of various inflammation, fever and cough in Eastern Asia. In order to investigate antibacterial activity of the Betulae Cortex against Streptococcus mutans or Porphyromonas gingivalis, MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) and pH were checked, and for anti-inflammation activity, the experiments about trypsin-induced paw edema, vascular permeability and myeloperoxidase activity in rat's hind-paw tissue, were carried out with various extracts of Betulae Cortex (BCXs) respectively. The BCXs showed significant antibacterial activity, and at the dose of over 50 mg/kg, BCX showed significant inhibition on the paw edema, vascular permeability and myeloperoxidase activity. These results indicate that BCXs have antibacterial activity against oral cariogenic bacteria and anti-inflammatory effect.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.225-230
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• 2016

Inflammation from chronic and acute infections of distal organs and tissues such as periodontitis is a risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular processes. Recently, a new model of atherosclerosis with vascular pathologies was developed in the Mongolian gerbil. In this study, we attempted to develop a model of ligature-induced periodontitis in gerbils and compared the characteristics of that periodontitis model with that in rats and mice. Each gerbil, rat, and mouse was randomly assigned to groups of control and periodontitis. A thread was placed around the cervix of the right and left first molars in the mandible with knots placed on the mesial side of each molar. At day 14 after the ligation, the animals were sacrificed and their mandibles were dissected. To measure alveolar bone loss along with inflammation, histopathological and micro-CT analyses were carried out. Gerbils showed tooth characteristics of deeper gingival crevice, longer cusp, longer root trunk and shorter root than those of rats and mice. The increased CEJ-ABC distance in distal and PDL area in furcation was also observed in ligated gerbils. An inflammatory response in the connective tissue under the junctional epithelium was also shown in all the animals. As a result, we confirmed the induction of periodontitis by ligature in the gerbils. We therefore consider the gerbil to be a useful model for investigating relationship between periodontitis and vascular disease in the same animal.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.523-535
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• 2023

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and improvement of dyslipidemia on Hyangsapyeongwi-san. Methods: In this study, HUVEC cells were cultured and treated with Hyangsapyeongwi-san to measure intracellular KLF2, eNOS, MCP-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 gene expression levels related to anti-inflammation. The weight of experimental animals administered with Hyangsapyeongwi-san was measured, blood samples were biochemically analyzed, and liver tissues were reviewed to research histological changes. Results: Gene expression levels in the cells treated with Hyangsapyeongwi-san generally showed a meaningful anti-inflammatory effect. The body weight of the experimental animals decreased, and total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL-cholesterol in the blood generally declined while HDL-cholesterol tended to increase. Fat accumulation between hepatocytes was also reduced after the administration of Hyangsapyeongwi-san. Conclusions: This study confirmed that Hyangsapyeongwi-san has the effect of suppressing vascular inflammatory responses through the regulation of genes involved in the vascular inflammatory process and improving dyslipidemia through the reduction of blood lipids and weight loss.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2006

Vascular endothelial cell injury or dysfunction has been implicated in the onset and' progression of cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis. A number of previous studies have demonstrated that the pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory pathways within vascular endothelium play an important role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis, Recent evidence has provided compelling evidence to indicate that interleukin-4 (IL-4) can induce proc inflammatory environment via oxidative stress-mediated up-regulation of inflammatory mediators such as cytokine, chemokine, and adhesion molecules in vascular endothelial cells. In addition, apoptotic cell death within vascular endothelium has been hypothesized to be involved in the development of atherosclerosis. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that IL-4 can induce apoptosis of human vascular endothelial cells through the caspase-3-dependent pathway, suggesting that IL-4 can increase endothelial cell turnover by accelerated apoptosis, the event which may cause the dysfunction of the vascular endothelium. These studies will have a high probability of revealing new directions that lead to the development of clinical strategies toward the prevention and/or treatment for individuals with inflammatory vascular diseases including atherosclerosis.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.302-309
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• 2006

Lupus-like syndrome is characterized by multiple organ injuries including lungs and kidneys. Endotoxin induces a transiently intent systemic inflammatory response and indirectly transient acute lung injury in normal condition. However, whether endotoxin may trigger the persistent development of lung injury in chronic, inflammatory lupus-like syndrome compared with normal condition remains unclear. We examined the pulmonary vascular permeability and production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-${\gamma}$, which play prominent roles in the pathogenesis of lupus-like tissue injury, 6 hand 72 h after i.p. lipopolysaccharide (LPS; endotoxin) injection in pristane-primed chronic inflammation ICR mice characterized by a lupus-like syndrome. These results demonstrated that levels of serum IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-${\gamma}$ and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) IL-6 and IFN-${\gamma}$ were remarkably increased 6 h in LPS-exposed pristane-primed mice compared with pristane-primed controls, while pulmonary vascular permeability and levels of serum and BAL TNF-${\alpha}$ were not. And levels of BAL TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly enhanced 72 h in LPS-exposed pristane-primed mice compared with pristane-primed controls. Also, LPS significantly induced the increased in vitro production of TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 and IL-10 by lung cells obtained from LPS-exposed pristane-primed mice compared with LPS-exposed normal mice. Our findings indicate that LPS may trigger persistent progression of lung injury through late overproduction of BAL TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6, and IL-10 in lupuslike chronic inflammation syndrome compared with normal condition.

• Vascular Specialist International
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.83-87
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• 2018

Purpose: Thrombosis of the portal vein, known as pylephlebitis, is a rare and fatal complication caused by intraperitoneal infections. The disease progression of superior mesenteric venous thrombosis (SMVT) is not severe. This study aimed to determine the clinical features, etiology, and prognosis of SMVT. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 41 patients with SMVT from March 2000 to February 2017. We obtained a list of 305 patients through the International Classification of Disease-9 code system and selected 41 patients with SMVT with computed tomography. Data from the medical records included patient demographics, comorbidities, review of system, laboratory results, clinical courses, and treatment modalities. Results: The causes of SMVT were found to be intraperitoneal inflammation in 27 patients (65.9%), malignancy in 7 patients (17.1%), and unknown in 7 patients (17.1%). Among the patients with intraperitoneal inflammation, 14 presented with appendicitis (51.9%), 7 with diverticulitis (25.9%), and 2 with ileus (7.4%). When comparing patients with and without small bowel resection, the differences in symptom duration, bowel enhancement and blood culture were significant (P=0.010, P=0.039, and P=0.028, respectively). Conclusion: SMVT, caused by intraperitoneal inflammation, unlike portal vein thrombosis including pylephlebitis, shows mild prognosis. In addition, rapid symptom progression and positive blood culture can be the prognostic factors related to extensive bowel resection. Use of appropriate antibiotics and understanding of disease progression can help improve the outcomes of patients with SMVT.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.590-600
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• 2024

Angelica keiskei, a perennial herb from Apiaceae family, has been reported to improve diabetes, inhibit thrombosis, alleviate dyslipidemia, and prevent type 2 diabetes, obesity, and atherosclerosis. In this study, the protective effects of A. keiskei extract (AKE) against tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-induced oxidative stress and vascular inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were investigated through cell viability analysis, antioxidant enzyme analysis, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. The results demonstrated that pretreatment of Angelica keiskei with AKE significantly inhibited the expression of key adhesion molecules such as E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 induced by TNF-α. AKE also showed a substantial reduction in intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity, indicating potential antioxidant capabilities. This study further explained that AKE interfered with the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway by inhibiting phosphorylation of IκBα and NF-κB, thereby preventing nuclear translocation. Additionally, AKE selectively inhibited the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) within the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, revealing a specific action mechanism. These findings collectively suggest that AKE possesses multi-faceted protective properties, making it a potential therapeutic agent for inflammatory conditions and early atherosclerosis.

• 순환기질환의공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 순환기질환의공학회 2006년도 제6회 학술대회
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• pp.10-13
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• 2006

Inflammation plays an important role in the progression of atherosclerosis and plaque destabilization converting a chronic process into an acute disorder with ensuing thromboembolism. Current therapeutic effective in preventing atherosclerosis and stroke such as statins, ASS and RAS inhibitors my exert part of their effects by modulating inflammatory responses in the vessel walls. As alternative approaches, discovery to find having inhibitory action of MMP activity, COX-2, macrophage infiltration, such as APE1/ref-1 and fusion technology for cell permeable protein may provide a new antiatherosclerotic therapy in the future.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.7.1-7.10
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• 2019

Sargassum serratifolium ethanolic extract has been known for strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We prepared hexane fraction from the ethanolic extract of S. serratifolium (HSS) to improve biological activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of HSS on the inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$-induced monocyte adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We found that HSS suppressed the production of cell adhesion molecules such as intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in TNF-${\alpha}$-induced HUVECs. Moreover, TNF-${\alpha}$-induced production of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and keratinocyte chemoattractant was inhibited by HSS treatment. HSS suppressed TNF-${\alpha}$-induced nuclear factor kappa B ($NF-{\kappa}B$) activation via preventing proteolytic degradation of inhibitor ${\kappa}B-{\alpha}$. HSS induced the production of heme oxygenase 1 via translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus in TNF-${\alpha}$-treated HUVECs. Overall, HSS alleviated vascular inflammation through the downregulation of $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation and the upregulation of Nrf2 activation in TNF-${\alpha}$-induced HUVECs. These results indicate that HSS may be used as therapeutic agents for vascular inflammatory disorders.