• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.137-150
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• 2010

Traditionally, like many people in mountain region of the Himalaya, the Lwang communities depend on mix of subsistence agriculture, animal husbandry, and seasonal migrant labor for their livelihoods. These traditional systems are characterized by low productivity, diverse use of available natural resources (largely for home consumption), limited markets, and some aversion for innovation. The potential to generate wealth through commerce has largely been untapped by these mountain residents and thus is undervalued in local and national economies. Introduction of organic tea farming is a part of Lwang community's several initiatives to break the vicious poverty cycle Annapurna Conservation Area Project (ACAP) played facilitating roles in all their efforts since beginning. In five years, the tea plantation emerged as a new means for secured a livelihood. This study aims to analyze the current practices in tea farming both in terms of farm management and soil nutrient status(technical) and the prosperity of the tea farmers (social). The technical aspect covers the soil and tea leaf analysis of various nutrients contents in the soil and tea leaf. Originally, the technical aspect of the study was not planned but later during the consultation with the advisor it was taken into consideration which added value to the research study. The sample were collected from different locations and analyzed on the field itself. The other part of the study i.e. the social aspect was done through questionnaire survey and focus group discussion. the tea farming provided them not only a new opportunity but also earned an identity in the region. This initiative was undertaken as a piloting measure. Now that the tea is in production with processing unit established locally, more serious consideration has to be given for better yield and economic prosperity. This research finding will help the community to analyze their efforts and make correction measures in tea garden management and application of fertilizer. It is also expected to fill up the gaps of knowledge and information required to reduce economic stresses and enhance capacity of farmers to make the tea farming a sustainable and beneficial business. The findings are expected to Sustainability of organic tea farming has direct impacts on biodiversity conservation compared to the other traditional farming practices that are more resource intensive. The study will also contribute to identify key action points required for reducing poverty while conserving environment and enhancing livelihoods

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1-25
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• 2022

This study was conducted for technology development and industrial and enterprise system design for the sustainable life of mankind. Human society is facing a crisis. As the power of mankind has increased due to the development of nuclear weapons and information and communication technologies, the risk of human society has greatly increased. The value of growth and freedom is increasing due to capitalism and democratic systems, so technological innovation is accelerating, and industries and companies are growing significantly. New technologies and industries can greatly develop human society and put it at risk. This study was conducted with the aim of redesigning technology, industry, and enterprise systems so that humans who live on Earth can be more sustainable for a longer time. It presented a practical alternative for a long-term sustainable human society. It suggested alternatives for what philosophy and methodology should be developed for the whole of humanity and in each individual national society, for developing technologies, fostering industries, and operating corporate systems. First of all, the problems of the technology development system, industrial system, and enterprise system of human society were analyzed. The characteristics and problems were analyzed in terms of sustainability of human society. The necessary and sufficient conditions for an alternative system to solve the raised problems were derived. A system that satisfies these conditions was designed and presented. The alternative system was named as a servicism system as a system based on the service philosophy. The structure, operation model, and implementation plan of the new technology industry enterprise system were presented. In the future, follow-up studies are needed to be concreted at the level of individual countries and human society as a whole.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.115-133
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• 2022

This study was conducted to design a new human model and education system for the sustainable life of mankind. Human society is facing a crisis. This study presents a comprehensive plan as the final version of the servicism study. Since the problems of human society are all human problems, research was conducted focusing on the new human and education system. Modern society is markedly different from the existing society in terms of time, space, and humanity, and the leading role of individuals is increased due to the increase in literacy, which can lead to breakdown and ground breaking in an instant. As the value of growth and freedom is increasing, technological innovation is accelerating, and industries and enterprises are growing significantly, so new technologies and industries may put human society at great risk. This study comprehensively diagnosed these problems in the current human society. The problems related to human and education were presented in depth while analyzing and synthesizing the problems presented in the existing servicism studies. The necessary and sufficient conditions for a new system to solve the problems raised were derived. And a system that satisfies these conditions was derived and presented. The new system was named servicism human and education system as a system based on the service philosophy. The structure, operation model, and implementation plan of the new system were presented. The basic structure is a human view that recognizes both reason and irrationality, an education system in which intelligence education and virtue education are balanced, and an education system in which human effort and the values of unwieldy nature are respected. A new education system needs to be put into operation along with the improvement of modern ideology and the compensation system for efforts. Since this study presented a macroscopic direction, further studies are needed to further refine this study.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-29
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• 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated digital transformation across all industries and daily life. Edutech is spreading in the education field, also bringing changes in university education. Non-face-to-face online-only classes at universities have spread after the COVID-19 pandemic physical distancing started. Online-only or real-time online classes showed diverse educational imitations. 'Metaverse' started to attract attention as a learning space and community activity support platform that may solve the limitations of online education and communication. It is time to prepare an introduction strategy for the actual application of education using metaverse. This study, first, by examining previous studies and cases of metaverse application, and second, establishing a metaverse introduction framework based on the technology lifecycle model and the innovation diffusion theory. Finally, we provide an introduction strategy in steps, a specialized introduction plan according to the main users is established and presented as a scenario. We expect that this study will provide the theoretical background of the new technology introduction and the spread of metaverse research. Also, we present an efficient introduction strategy, the basis for a service model, and a practical basis for the university's value-added strategy.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.251-264
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to present factors and strategies for successful rewarded-crowdfunding of companies. For this, rewarded-crowdfunding based on the extended theory of planned behavior(E-TPB) by adding individual innovation and risk preference as extended variables, in addition to the basic variables of the theory of planned behavior(TPB), including attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control. In addition, the moderating effect of rewarded-crowdfunding experience was confirmed. In addition, the moderating effect of the rewarded-crowdfunding experience was confirmed, and exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted for questionnaires who were aware of the concept of rewarded-crowdfunding. As a result of testing the hypothesis, it was found that attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and risk preference affect the intention to invest in rewarded-crowdfunding. Also, we could find that perceived behavior control and risk preference were moderately influenced by investor who had experience in rewarded-crowdfunding. Based on the research results, it has academic and practical value by presenting the direction of enhancing the success of rewarded-crowdfunding that companies can use as a way to raise funds and boost sales.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.265-274
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• 2011

The objective of this case study is to analyze how effectively KIA K5, which is a leading mid-size car brand, has positioned itself into the mid-size car market. Before KIA launched the K5, Sonata and SM5 were the leading brands in the mid-size car market. They had loyal customers who like their similar images. As many competitors keep launching new brands or new designs into the car industry, Sonata and SM5 were pressured to introduce new versions. But, the YF Sonata and the New SM5 failed to catch up with the new trends in the market. Whilst YF Sonata was perceived as too innovative, the New SM5 was treated as an old car by the target customers of the mid-size car. While the two leading brands struggled to attract customers, KIA K5 found a new market space by identifying and focusing on the lucrative replace and up-grade demand segment and filling the gap between the current product category values and the emerging mid-size car category values. The K5 found the right values that customers need and successfully articulated the values to the customers. This case study illustrates that a successful positioning strategy can be effectively employed to attract customers in the saturated car manufacturing industry. This case can be summarized as the successful positioning strategy of KIA K5 is comprised of four primary pillars: design innovation, market analysis, STP (segmentation, targeting, and positioning), and launch strategy. The KIA K5 case study provides valuable insights and implications for many other companies that are planning to find a proper positioning strategy for their own business.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.737-746
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• 2023

As the core infrastructure to lead technical innovation for the fourth industrial revolution, economic value and utilizations of radiowaves are increased rapidly. The objectives of this study are to recognize the growing trend of radio stations that transmit information using radiowaves, a limited resource of the country, and to propose developed plans for the radio stations operation system in line with the changing radio technology and use environment. To be specific, the detailed implementation procedures and methods of the system were derived in accordance with the government's plan to convert the complete inspection of radio stations into a SDoC(Self Declaration of Conformity) by the telco. SDoC is a policy that grants autonomy and responsibility for radio waves interference management to existing telecom operator recognized as having radio stations operating capabilities. It has significance in that the function of radio stations inspection, which is a representative technical regulation, is efficiently distributed to the government and the private sector. This study has significance in providing reference for expediting deregulation in the radiowaves management policy.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.415-424
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• 2023

This study investigated the nutritional characteristics of before and after fermentation of domestic soybean (Glycine max L.) by Rhizopus oligosporus. The soybean storage proteins, β-conglycinin (11S globulin) and glycinin (7S globulin), were the most abundant in Seonyu (SY) and Danbaegkong (DBK), with concentrations of 253.4 mg/g and 193.0 mg/g, respectively. For 11S/7S related to sulfur-containing amino acid, DBK had a value of 0.95, making it the most excellent nutritionally among all the cultivars. The free amino acid content significantly increased from 0.04~10.45 mg/g before fermentation to 1.37~16.95 mg/g after fermentation, and the essential amino acid composition increased, confirming an improvement in protein quality after fermentation. Phytic acid, known as a nutritional inhibitor of soybeans, decreased from 1.66~2.13 g/100 g before fermentation to 0.90~1.58 g/100 g after fermentation, suggesting that mineral absorption inhibition was alleviated. In addition, the trypsin inhibitor content is suppressed by 76.20% to 81.25% after fermentation, which is expected to improve protein utilization in the body. This study confirmed some properties of fermented products by Rhizopus oligosporus using domestic soybeans, and these results are presented to serve as the basic data for establishing new uses of Korean soybean cultivars.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.1-22
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• 2023

Purpose - Southeast Asia has been the focus of Korea's foreign investment. Korea has been helping developing countries in Southeast Asia achieve economic growth and win-win cooperation through capital exports. FDI is an important channel for technology diffusion. However, the impact of FDI on the bias of technological progress in the host country is dependent on the host country's own endowment structure and capital-labor factor substitution elasticity. Therefore, the central issue of this paper is to accurately evaluate the impact of Korea's FDI to the four Southeast Asian countries in various industries on their bias of technological progress. Design/methodology - The paper uses macroeconomic data for Korea and four East Asian countries to estimate capital-labor factor elasticities of substitution using nonlinear, seemingly uncorrelated regressions (NLSUR). Then, the biased technological change index (BTCI) is calculated for each country. Finally, panel data analysis is used to explore the impact of Korean FDI in various industries in the four Southeast Asian countries on their own directed technological progress, and a robustness test is conducted. Findings - There is a substitution relationship between capital and labor factors based on their elasticity in Korea, Singapore and the Philippines. There is a complementary relationship between capital and labor factors in Indonesia and Malaysia. According to the BTCI, there is a trend toward labor-biased technological progress in all countries. Korean investments in manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade in the host country trigger capital-biased technological change in the host country; investments in the finance, insurance and information and communication sectors trigger labor-biased technological change. In addition, this paper also confirms that directed technological progress can enable cross-country transmission. Originality/value - The innovation of this paper lies in three aspects. First, we estimate the BTCI for five countries and explore the trend and situation of directed technological progress in each country from each country's own perspective. Second, we explore the impact of Korean FDI in the host country on the bias to its technological progress at the industry level. Second, we explore the impact of Korean FDI in various industries in the four Southeast Asian countries on the four countries' own directed technological progress from a national perspective. Finally, we propose corresponding countermeasures for technological progress from the perspective of inverse factor endowment. These innovative points not only expand the understanding of technological progress and cross-country technology transfer in East Asia but also provide practical references for policy-makers and business operators.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.173-189
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• 2023

Although many researches have been conducted that the contents consumption, called Hallyu, has a positive effect on the national image of Korea, which leads to product purchases, there have been few empirical studies based on the experience economy theory that connects to value relationships with customers. Therefore, based on the experiential economy theory, this research conducted an empirical analysis of the effect on Korean image and cosmetics purchase intention targeting women living in Malaysia and the Philippines who have experienced the Korean Wave(Hallyu). As a result of the research, entertainment experience, educational experience, and escape experience had a significant effect on the image of Korea, but aesthetic experience did not. Entertainment experience, educational experience and escape experience also had significant relationships in the indirect effect of Korean image on cosmetics purchase intention. In the moderating effect analysis comparing the two countries, in Malaysia, escape experience had a significant effect on the image of Korea, but in the Philippines, entertainment experience and educational experience had a significant effect on the image of Korea, so there was a difference between the two countries. The effect of Korean image on cosmetics purchase intention was confirmed significantly in both countries, but it was greater in the Philippines than in Malaysia. This research is meaningful in that it is an empirical study based on the systematic framework of experiential economy theory. In order to maintain the effectiveness of the Korean Wave(Hallyu), various improvements in the contents that make up the Korean Wave are required and policy consideration by the relevant authorities is needed. It is also necessary to consider each country's different acceptance of the Korean Wave(Hallyu).